Endoscopy 2010; 42: E326-E327
DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1255890
Unusual cases and technical notes

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Use of endocytoscopy in the diagnosis of a rare, depressed-type ileal adenoma

H.  Shiwaku1 , S.  Kudo1 , N.  Ikehara1 , K.  Ohtsuka1 , N.  Ogata1 , K.  Wakamura1 , F.  Yamamura1 , H.  Inoue1 , S.  Hamatani2
  • 1Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
  • 2Department of Pathology, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
17 December 2010 (online)

An 80-year-old man was admitted to hospital with adhesive ileus, which responded to conservative management. Total colonoscopy was subsequently undertaken to investigate his symptoms. There was an incidental reddish, depressed lesion with marginal elevation, 9 mm in diameter, in the terminal ileum. Chromoendoscopic view with indigo carmine dye showed a star-shaped demarcation line in the depressed lesion ([Fig. 1]). The morphological appearance mimicked a depressed-type colorectal cancer as demonstrated by Kudo [1]. Narrow band imaging (NBI) showed a well-demarcated lesion and NBI with magnification demonstrated regularly arranged network vessels [2] ([Fig. 2]). A magnifying endoscopic view with crystal violet staining revealed small round and tubular pit patterns resembling colon cancer within the depressed lesion, instead of villi [3] ([Fig. 3]). As the patient was anticoagulated, endocytoscopy was performed for further evaluation of the lesion in order to make a decision about further management. Endocytoscopic images showed that the nuclei were fusiform and regularly arranged along the basement membrane, and the lumen was smooth and slit-like, remarkably similar to our endocytoscopic images of colonic adenoma and intramucosal neoplasia ([Fig. 4]). Furthermore, these findings were not seen in the villous mucosa of the small intestine. Therefore, the lesion was diagnosed as being either adenoma or intramucosal neoplasm of the ileum and endoscopic mucosal resection was carried out. Histopathological analysis confirmed that the lesion was a tubular adenoma with low grade atypia similar to our endocytoscopic prediction ([Fig. 5]).

Fig. 1 Chromoendoscopic view with indigo carmine dye showed the star-shaped demarcation line of the depressed lesion.

Fig. 2 Narrow band imaging (NBI) showing a well-demarcated lesion and NBI with magnification demonstrating regularly arranged network vessels.

Fig. 3 A magnifying endoscopic view with crystal violet staining revealed small round and tubular pit patterns resembling colon cancer within the depressed lesion instead of villi.

Fig. 4 Endocytoscopy showing fusiform nuclei regularly arranged along the basement membrane, and a smooth and slit-like lumen, remarkably similar to our endocytoscopic images of colonic adenoma and intramucosal neoplasm.

Fig. 5 a Macroscopically, the lesion was slightly depressed, measuring 9 mm by 5 mm, and showed some similarities to a 0 – IIc colorectal lesion.

b Histopathological analysis confirmed that the lesion was a tubular adenoma with low grade atypia.

Endocytoscopy provides real time microscopic images in vivo during routine endoscopy and has been shown to be useful in the evaluation of lesions within the gastrointestinal tract [4] [5]. It may be particularly useful in patients who are on anticoagulant therapy where routine biopsy for histological analysis may be hazardous and also make further endoscopic treatment more difficult due to scarring. In addition, endocytoscopy may also avoid sampling error in the biopsy.

Competing interests: None

Endoscopy_UCTN_Code_CCL_1AC_2AC

References

  • 1 Kudo S. Endoscopic mucosal resection of flat and depressed types of early colorectal cancer.  Endoscopy. 1993;  25 455-461
  • 2 Wada Y, Kudo S E, Kashida H. et al . Diagnosis of colorectal lesions with the magnifying narrow-band imaging system.  Gastrointest Endosc. 2009;  70 522-531
  • 3 Kudo S, Hirota S, Nakajima T. et al . Colorectal tumours and pit pattern.  J Clin Pathol. 1994;  47 880-885
  • 4 Kudo S E, Takemura O, Ohtsuka K. Flat and depressed types of early colorectal cancers: from East to West.  Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2008;  18 581-593
  • 5 Sasajima K, Kudo S E, Inoue H. et al . Real-time in vivo virtual histology of colorectal lesions when using the endocytoscopy system.  Gastrointest Endosc. 2006;  63 1010-1017

S. Kudo

Digestive Disease Center
Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital

35-1 Chigasaki-chuo
Tsuzuki-ku
Yokohama 224-8503
Japan

Fax: +45-949-7263

Email: kudos@med.showa-u.ac.jp

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