Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Paclitaxel-beschichtete Ballonkatheter (PCB) verhindern Restenosen nach koronarer und peripherer Angioplastie (PCI/PTA). In dieser Studie wurden der Paclitaxel-Plasmaspiegel und weitere Laborwerte nach Einsatz von PCB in peripheren Arterien untersucht. Material und Methoden: 14 Patienten mit pAVK Rutherford-Stadium 1 – 5 mit Okklusionen bis 5 cm oder einer Stenose ≥ 70 % der A. femoralis superficialis oder A. poplitea wurden in dieser einarmigen Multicenter-Studie eingeschlossen. Die perkutane transluminale Angioplastie (PTA) wurde mit bis zu 3 PCB durchgeführt. Blutproben wurden vor Intervention, unmittelbar post interventionem (p. i.), 0, 5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 24 h, 1 und 4 Wochen p. i. abgenommen und der Paclitaxel-Plasmaspiegel sowie weitere Laborparameter bestimmt. Zusätzlich wurden die Vitalzeichen registriert. Ergebnisse: Die PTA wurde bei allen Patienten erfolgreich durchgeführt. Bei allen lag der Paclitaxel-Plasmaspiegel stets unterhalb eines systemisch relevanten Wertes. Das gemittelte Maximum des Paclitaxel-Spiegels (40 ng/ml) wurde unmittelbar p. i. erreicht. Der Paclitaxel-Spiegel fiel in mehr als der Hälfte der Patienten bereits 2 h p. i. unter die Nachweisgrenze. 24 h p. i. war bei keinem der Patienten Paclitaxel im Plasma mehr nachweisbar. Laborparameter und Vitalzeichen gaben keinen Anlass für Sicherheitsbedenken. Mit der Ballon-Beschichtung assoziierte Adverse-Events wurden nicht beobachtet. Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse von 14 Patienten zeigen, dass eine Bioverfügbarkeit von Paclitaxel nach Einsatz eines oder mehrerer PCB in einer PTA nicht länger als 24 h besteht. Hieraus lässt sich annehmen, dass PCB für Patienten mit pAVK hinsichtlich systemischer Effekte sicher sind.
Abstract
Purpose: Paclitaxel-coated balloon catheters inhibit restenosis after coronary and peripheral angioplasty (PCI,PTA). The aim of this study was to investigate paclitaxel plasma levels and laboratory parameters following PTA with paclitaxel-coated balloons (PCB) in peripheral arteries. Materials and Methods: This single treatment arm, multicenter study included 14 patients with Rutherford stage 1 – 5 with occlusions of up to 5 cm or ≥ 70 % diameter stenosis of the superficial femoral or popliteal arteries (SFA, PA). PTA was performed using up to three PCB catheters. The paclitaxel plasma levels and safety laboratory parameters were determined by collecting blood samples pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention, at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 24 hours and 1 and 4 weeks post-intervention (p. i.). Vital signs were monitored to assess clinical safety. Results: PTA was performed successfully in all patients. Paclitaxel plasma levels were always below a level and duration known to cause systemic side effects. A mean peak paclitaxel plasma level (40 ng/ml) was reached immediately p. i. and decreased rapidly below detectable levels in more than half of the patients already 2 hours p. i. The paclitaxel plasma concentrations returned to values below detectable levels at 24 hours p. i. in all patients. Laboratory parameters and vital signs did not give any reason for safety concerns. No adverse events associated with balloon coating were observed. Conclusion: The results of 14 patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease show no systemic bioavailability of paclitaxel > 24 hours after PTA with one or more PCB catheters, indicating that the PCB catheter is safe with regard to possible systemic effects.
Key words
angiography - angioplasty - balloon insertions - interventional procedures - catheters - drugs/reactions
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Dr. Patrick Freyhardt
Klinik für Strahlenheilkunde, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Augustenburger Platz 1
13353 Berlin
Phone: ++ 49/30/4 50 65 73 43
Fax: ++ 49/30/4 50 55 79 90
Email: patrick.freyhardt@charite.de