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DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245815
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
CT Features of Neutropenic Enterocolitis in Adult Patients with Hematological Diseases Undergoing Chemotherapy
CT-Bildgebung der Neutropenen Enterokolitis bei erwachsenen Patienten mit hämatologischen Erkrankungen unter ChemotherapiePublikationsverlauf
received: 5.7.2010
accepted: 30.9.2010
Publikationsdatum:
12. November 2010 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Ziel: In dieser Studie wurden die Merkmale der Neutropenen Enterokolitis (NE) bei Erwachsenen untersucht. Material und Methoden: Anhand von Krankenakten von Oktober 2003 bis Oktober 2009 wurden neutropene Patienten mit gastrointestinalen Beschwerden identifiziert. Von der NE abweichende Ursachen wurden ausgeschlossen. CTs des Abdomens wurden, sofern zeitnah durchgeführt, bezüglich des Auftretens und der Lokalisation spezifischer Merkmale ausgewertet. Die Befunde wurden mit klinischen Parametern korreliert. Ergebnisse: Einunddreißig Patienten (mittleres Alter 46 Jahre; Spanne 20 – 75 Jahre) wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen. Eine Wandverdickung und Hyperämie konnte in allen Darmsegmenten gefunden werden. Die Lokalisation war am häufigsten im rechten Hemikolon mit 19 Patienten (61 %), generalisiert bei 6 (19 %) und segmental bei 25 (81 %) Je länger die Neutropenie bestand, desto häufiger war eine generalisierter Darmbeteiligung (p < 0,05). Bei 8 Patienten mit CT-Verlaufskontrollen hatten sich die Darmabschnitte spätestens nach 14 Tagen komplett (n = 5) oder teilweise (n = 3) normalisiert. Acht Patienten (26 %) starben 1 – 78 Tage nach der NE, von denen sich 7 zuvor komplett von der NE erholt hatten. Schlussfolgerung: CT-Befunde sind wichtige Hilfsmittel bei der Diagnose einer NE, welche selbst beim alleinigen Befall von Dünndarmsegmenten in Betracht gezogen werden sollte. Die Bezeichnungen NE und Typhlitis sollten nicht synonym verwendet werden.
Abstract
Purpose: This study investigates the features of neutropenic enterocolitis (NE) in adults. Materials and Methods: Chart and radiology report reviews were used to identify neutropenic patients with hematological diseases undergoing chemotherapy, who had CT scans for the clarification of abdominal symptoms between October 2003 and October 2009. Patients with any cause for enteritis other than NE were excluded. The scans were analyzed with respect to imaging features and location. Morphological findings were correlated with clinical data. Results: Thirty-one patients with NE (median age 46 years; range 20 – 75) could be identified. Wall thickening and hyperemia could be found in all bowel segments from jejunum to rectum. The right hemicolon was the most frequent location in 19 patients (61 %). Involvement was generalized in 6 patients (19 %) and segmental in 25 cases (81 %). The longer the duration of neutropenia, the more likely generalized involvement of the bowel was. In 8 patients who underwent CT follow-up, the appearance of bowel segments had completely (n = 5) or partially (n = 3) returned to normal at the latest 14 days after the initial diagnosis. Eight patients (26 %) died 1 – 78 days after NE, 7 of who had previously recovered from NE. Conclusion: CT findings are useful for the diagnosis of NE and should be considered even in the presence of isolated small bowel involvement. The terms NE and typhlitis should thus no longer be used synonymously.
Key words
abdomen - small bowel - CT - hematological diseases
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Dr. Monika Nadja Vogel
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard-Karls-Universität
Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3
72076 Tübingen
Telefon: ++ 49/70 71/2 98 72 12
Fax: ++ 49/70 71/29 58 45
eMail: monika.vogel@med.uni-tuebingen.de