Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Evaluation der diagnostischen Wertigkeit der 16-Zeilen-CT-Mesenterikografie (CTM)
bei Patienten mit obskurer gastrointestinaler Blutung. Material und Methoden: Es wurden retrospektiv alle Patienten ermittelt, bei denen im Zeitraum von Juli 2002
– September 2006 eine CTM zur Diagnostik obskurer gastrointestinaler Blutungen durchgeführt
wurde. Im Rahmen einer prospektiven Studie wurde von Oktober 2006 – September 2009
die CTM bei Patienten mit obskurer Major-Blutung evaluiert. Die retrospektiv ermittelten
(6 Patienten) und die prospektiv untersuchten Patienten (7 Patienten) bilden das Studienkollektiv.
Nach der DSA wurde ein Katheter in der Arteria mesenterica superior belassen, der
Patient wurde in die Computertomografie transportiert und nach Kontrastmittelinjektion
über den Katheter wurde die CTM akquiriert. Fokale, im Darmlumen gelegene, röntgendichte
Läsionen, die bildmorphologisch mit ausgetretenem Kontrastmittel vereinbar waren,
wurden als aktive Blutung gewertet. Ergebnisse: Die CTM detektierte den Blutungsort bei 3 von 13 Patienten (23 %) des Gesamtkollektivs
und bei einem von 7 Patienten (14 %), welche prospektiv untersucht wurden. Der Nachweis
des Blutungsorts mittels CTM veranlasste in allen Fällen ein operatives Vorgehen,
operativ bestätigten sich die Befunde der CTM. Schlussfolgerung: Aufgrund der relativ geringen Rate positiver Befunde und den ihr innewohnenden Nachteilen
kann die CTM nicht vorbehaltlos empfohlen werden. Bei Patienten, bei denen eine kontinuierliche
Blutung mit geringer Blutungsstärke vorliegt und bei denen die i. v. CT negativ war,
könnte die CTM hilfreich sein.
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic yield of 16-row multidetector computed tomography (CT)
mesentericography in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Materials and Methods: The radiological information system database was used to retrospectively identify
all patients in whom CT mesentericography (CTM) was performed for the diagnosis of
obscure gastrointestinal bleeding between July 2002 and September 2006. A subsequent
prospective study was conducted between October 2006 and September 2009 to evaluate
CTM in patients with major obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. The retrospectively
identified patients (six patients) as well as the prospectively evaluated patients
(seven patients) constitute the study population. Following mesenteric DSA the catheter
was left in the superior mesenteric artery, the patient was transferred to the CT
suite and CTM was carried out by scanning the abdomen after contrast material injection
via the catheter. Active bleeding was suspected if a focal area of high attenuation
consistent with contrast material extravasation was found within the bowel lumen.
Results: CTM detected the site of active bleeding in three of 13 patients (23 %). In the subpopulation
of patients who were prospectively evaluated, CT mesentericography identified the
site of active bleeding in one of seven patients (14 %). Depiction of active bleeding
by CTM prompted surgical intervention in each case and surgery confirmed the findings
of CT mesentericography. Conclusion: Due to the relatively low rate of positive findings and inherent drawbacks, we feel
that CTM cannot be recommended in general. However, in selected patients who are continuously
bleeding at a low rate and in whom iv-CT was negative, CT mesentericography might
be helpful.
Key words
CT angiography - interventional procedures - hemorrhage - abdomen
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Dr. Peter Heiss
Institut für Röntgendiagnostik, Universität Regensburg
Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11
93042 Regensburg
Germany
Telefon: ++ 49/9 41/9 44 74 01
Fax: ++ 49/9 41/9 44 74 09
eMail: heiss.peter@web.de