ABSTRACT
Nystagmus is a spontaneous, repetitive movement of the eyes caused by slow eye drifts. Clinical evaluation of nystagmus requires familiarity with the functional classes of eye movements, the types of acquired nystagmus and a differential diagnosis for each type, and the ability to differentiate acquired nystagmus from infantile nystagmus and saccadic intrusions.
KEYWORDS
Nystagmus - oscillopsia - saccadic intrusions
REFERENCES
-
1 Leigh R J, Zee D S. The Neurology of Eye Movements. 4th ed. New York, NY; Oxford University Press 2006
-
2 Leigh R J, Rucker J C. Nystagmus and related ocular motility disorders. In: Miller NR, Newman NJ, Biousse V, Kerrison JB Walsh & Hoyt’s Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2005: 1133-1173
-
3
Gresty M A, Bronstein A M, Page N G, Rudge P.
Congenital-type nystagmus emerging in later life.
Neurology.
1991;
41(5)
653-656
-
4
Nakada T, Kwee I L.
Oculopalatal myoclonus.
Brain.
1986;
109(Pt 3)
431-441
-
5
Stevens D J, Hertle R W.
Relationships between visual acuity and anomalous head posture in patients with congenital nystagmus.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus.
2003;
40(5)
259-264, quiz 297–298
-
6
Barton J J, Cox T A.
Acquired pendular nystagmus in multiple sclerosis: clinical observations and the role of optic neuropathy.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry.
1993;
56(3)
262-267
-
7
Leigh R J, Thurston S E, Tomsak R L, Grossman G E, Lanska D J.
Effect of monocular visual loss upon stability of gaze.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.
1989;
30(2)
288-292
-
8
Sampangi R, Chaudhuri Z, Menon V, Saxena R.
Cone-rod dystrophy and acquired dissociated vertical nystagmus.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus.
2005;
42(2)
114-116
-
9
Cohen B, Helwig D, Raphan T.
Baclofen and velocity storage: a model of the effects of the drug on the vestibulo-ocular reflex in the rhesus monkey.
J Physiol.
1987;
393
703-725
-
10
Halmagyi G M, Rudge P, Gresty M A, Leigh R J, Zee D S.
Treatment of periodic alternating nystagmus.
Ann Neurol.
1980;
8(6)
609-611
Janet C RuckerM.D.
Associate Professor, Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, The Mount Sinai Medical Center
One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1052, New York, NY 10029
Email: janet.rucker@mssm.edu