Zusammenfassung
Im Jahr 1991 postulierte Biedermann die Krankheitsentität „Kopfgelenk-induzierte Symmetriestörung”
(„KiSS-Syndrom”), welche in Folge einer angenommenen Blockade der Gelenke des okzipitozervikalen
Übergangs zu frühkindlicher Kopfschiefhaltung und vielfältigen Symptomen führen solle.
Wir präsentieren zwei Fälle frühkindlicher Hirntumoren mit Leitsymptom Torticollis,
in denen die vermeintliche Diagnose „KiSS-Syndrom” gestellt wurde. Beide Kinder entwickelten
zusätzliche neurologische Auffälligkeiten wie Gangunsicherheit und Reflexdifferenzen.
In beiden Fällen wurde durch die Bezeichnung „KiSS-Syndrom” eine adäquate Diagnostik
und Therapie über mehrere Monate verzögert. Das „KiSS-Syndrom” ist ein unbewiesenes
Krankheitsbild, dennoch werden Pädiater häufig damit konfrontiert. Patienten mit „KiSS-Syndrom”
erhalten vielfach Manualtherapie, wobei ein lokales Druckmanöver auf die Halswirbelsäule
ein Lösen der Blockade bewirken soll. Lebensbedrohliche Nebenwirkungen der Manualtherapie
sind mehrfach beschrieben worden. Kopf- und Körperschiefhaltung haben im Säuglingsalter
eine Prävalenz von 12% bzw. 8%. In der Mehrzahl sind die Fälle harmlos, die Liste
der teils ernsthaften Differenzialdiagnosen ist jedoch lang. Neben einer aktuellen
Literaturübersicht zum „KiSS-Syndrom” stellen wir unseren differenzialdiagnostischen
Ansatz bei frühkindlichem Torticollis dar.
Abstract
In 1991, Biedermann coined the term “kinetic imbalance due to suboccipital strain”
(“KiSS-syndrome”). He assumed a functional abnormality of the suboccipital-high cervical
spine, resulting in positional preference of the infant`s head. A broad spectrum of
symptoms and complaints have been attributed to “KiSS-Syndrome”. Patients are advised
to undergo manual therapy, with pressure applied locally in order to readjust the
cervical spine. Life threatening side-effects have been published repeatedly. We present
two infants with brain tumours who developed torticollis and further neurological
findings such as ataxia and reflex differences. In both cases, symptoms caused by
the tumour were interpreted as “KiSS-syndrome”, and appropriate diagnostics and therapy
were delayed for months. There is no scientific evidence for the actual existence
of “KiSS-syndrome” as a clinical entity or for the positive effects of manual therapy.
Approximately 12% of all infants <12 months show a positional preference of the head,
about 8% present with body asymmetry. Whereas most cases are benign, there is a long
list of serious differential diagnoses for torticollis in infants. We give an updated
review of the literature regarding “KiSS-Syndrome” and discuss the differential diagnostics
in infants with torticollis.
Schlüsselwörter
KiSS-Syndrom - Säugling - Hirntumoren - Torticollis - Körperschiefhaltung
Key words
KiSS-syndrome - infant - brain tumour - torticollis - body asymmetry
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Korrespondenzadresse
Dr. Christine Happle
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1
30161 Hannover
Telefon: +49/511/532-3220
eMail: happle.christine@mh-hannover.de