Formulation of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) peel extract granules for the treatment of diarrhea

Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) peel is used in Thai primary health care as an astringent to treat

noninfectious diarrhea; for this, a beverage is prepared by boiling the dried peel of half a fruit (4g) in water. Because this procedure is inconvenient and mangosteen is a seasonal fruit, the aim of this study was to formulate ready-to-use antidiarrheal granules from a mangosteen peel extract. Peels were extracted with ethanol: water (1:1) and the extract lyophilized (yield 21.7%). Quantity of (-)-epicatechin in the dried extract was determined by HPLC [1] as 11.38mg/g. Formulations of granules and effervescent granules, containing 1g of dried extract per dose, were prepared using cross-linked homopolymer of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone (Crospovidone), polyvinylpyrrolidone K30, aspartame, lactose, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, citric acid monohydrate and tartaric acid as excipients [2]. Physical appearance, taste and disintegration of all formulations were evaluated. A suitable formulation was the granules consisted of 20% mangosteen peel extract, 3.5% Crospovidone, 2% polyvinylpyrrolidone K30, 0.0018% aspartam and lactose. The granules rapidly disintegrated in water within 60 seconds, showed good appearance as well as good taste. Physical stability and chemical stability in term of (-)-epicatechin quantity were evaluated after storing at room temperature and 45°C under 75% RH for 1 month.

Acknowledgements: National Research Council of Thailand, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Prince of Songkla University, Thailand.

References: [1] Tsanova-Savova, S. et al. (2005)J. Food Compos. Anal. 18:691–698

[2] Lachman, L. et al. (1986) Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy. 3^rd ed. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.