Regenerative Medizin zur Behandlung von Knorpelschäden

Die Regenerative Medizin ist ein relativ neues Gebiet der Biomedizin, deren Name dem lateinischen Wort regeneratio entstammt und Neuentstehung bedeutet. Sie befasst sich mit der Anregung endogener Regenerations- und Reparaturprozesse zur körpereigenen Wiederherstellung funktionsgestörter Zellen, Gewebe und Organe und, wenn die eigenen Reparaturmechanismen versagen, mit dem biologischen Ersatz dieser Strukturen. Im Fachgebiet der Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie kommt den Erkrankungen und Verletzungen des muskuloskelettalen Systems eine große Bedeutung zu. Besonders degenerative Erkrankungen der großen Gelenke und der Wirbelsäule, aber auch traumatische, entzündliche, tumor- oder operationsbedingte Weichteil- oder Knochendefekte sind Gegenstand der Forschung in der Regenerativen Medizin. Vor allem der hyaline Gelenkknorpel, der Bandscheibenknorpel und der Knochen werden in der Regenerativen Medizin als klinisch relevante und wissenschaftlich zukunftsorientierte Strukturen betrachtet. Wichtige Forschungsgebiete umfassen Strategien der In-situ-Regeneration, das Tissue Engineering, die Stammzelldifferenzierung und auch die Gentherapie.

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