Zusammenfassung
Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Entwicklung und Evaluation eines ökonomischen, standardisierten
Stress- Paradigmas, das zur Untersuchung von individuellen Stressreaktionen unter
Laborbedingungen eingesetzt werden kann. Hierzu wurde zunächst die Kombination verschiedener
stressauslösender Reize hinsichtlich ihrer Wirkung auf Herzfrequenz und subjektives
Stresserleben untersucht. Den höchsten Anstieg im objektiven und subjektiven Stresslevel
zeigte eine Kombination aus Kopfrechenaufgaben, Lärm und emotional belastenden Bildern,
welche während der Lösung der Kopfrechenaufgaben im Hintergrund präsentiert wurden.
Diese Stresskombination wurde an einer unabhängigen Stichprobe mit 32 gesunden Probanden
hinsichtlich physiologischer Reaktionsmuster evaluiert. Es zeigten sich rasche, signifikante
Veränderungen der primären Untersuchungsparameter Herzratenvariabilität, Baroreflexsensitivität
und Impedanzkardiografie. Der Mannheimer Multikomponenten-Stress-Test (MMST) ermöglicht
eine standardisierte, starke Stressinduktion innerhalb kurzer Zeit und stellt somit
einen effektiven und ökonomischen Stresstest zur Untersuchung von Stressreaktionen
dar.
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop and evaluate an economical stress paradigm,
which can be used for the investigation of stress reactions in a laboratory setting.
Different stressors were combined to investigate the changes of heart frequency and
subjective stress levels as response to stressful stimulation. A combination of mental
stress, noise and emotional pictures presented in the background during performing
a mental arithmetic task showed significant increases in heart rate and subjective
stress levels. Furthermore we tested the stress combination in 32 healthy subjects
to evaluate the physiological response. We found significant changes in the cardiovascular
parameters such as heart rate variability, baroreflex sensitivity and cardiac output.
We conclude that the Mannheim Multicomponent Stress Test (MMST) induces high levels
of physiological and psychological stress and can serve as an economical method to
investigate stress reactions in a laboratory setting.
Key words
stress - stress paradigm - heart rate - subjective stress experiencing
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1 beide Autoren haben zu gleichen Teilen bei der Erstellung des Manuskriptes mitgewirkt.
Korrespondenzadresse
PD Dr. med. Christian Schmahl
Klinik für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapeutische Medizin
Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit Mannheim J 5
68159 Mannheim
eMail: christian.schmahl@zi-mannheim.de
