Studies on separation, purification and bioactivity of polyprenols from Ginkgo biloba L (GP)

Polyprenols from Ginkgo biloba L (GP) are new effective lipids which have similar structure as dolichols (DH) in humans. GP and DH mainly take part in the biosynthsis of glycoprotein in vivo. Different extraction styles of GP has been systematically studied, firstly. Then non-saponifialble matter of GP was prepared and separated by saponification, solvent refrigeration, and column chromatography was selected to purify the non-saponifialble part. The separating effect was Silica gel>alumina>NKA-2>polyamide>D101. Molecular short distillation was first used to purify non-saponifialble matter. Total polyprenols could be raised to 83.7% in distilled remainder and there was no solvent residue, so it would be the best ideal separation in industry. GP showed a powerful protective effect on acute hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride, D-galactosamine and alcohol; GP and YI Shanfu could significantly decreased serum levels of AST and ALT and significantly improved degree of proliferation of hepatic fibrous tissue and declined content of hydrop roline and collagen. Also holds significant effects on the treatment of hepatic fibrosis of chronic liver injury induced by CCl₄ in rats. In addition, GP have better inhibition on mice transplanted tumor Heps, S₁₈₀ and EC. GP could significantly prolong survival time of mice transplanted EC tumor, nude bearing SF763 tumor and nude bearing A549 tumor. GP has good synergistic reaction on mice transplanted tumors of Heps, S₁₈₀ and EC in combination with Fu-5, CTX, PDD and ADM. In particular the lower doses of GP with ⁶⁰C_O radiotherapy had the best therapeutic effect on mice transplanted Heps. So GP have distinct subsidiary effect on chemotherapy and radiotherapy and can reduce toxicity. GP had higher the clearance than CTX, and could increase the phagocytic function of the macrophages, increase the index of the thymus gland in mouse with Heps and index of the spleen in mouse with EC. The APO level in mouse with S₁₈₀ tumor in 5mg/kg GP was 6.35, which made the rate of CD₄/CD₈ near to the normal mouse. GP have good pharmacological functions of humoual immunity, inducing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation. To develop healthy food and new drugs of GP, the key aim of these studies, is to enlarge the communication in polyprenols area, and has some possibility to join international cooperation.