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Planta Med
DOI: 10.1055/a-2779-9057
Reviews

Impact of Antioxidant Mangosteen on Clinical and Biochemical Parameters of Periodontitis -A Systematic Review

Authors

  • Cristina Estornut Navarro 

    1   Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Valencia SLU, Valencia, Spain (Ringgold ID: RIN528638)

  • Nicla Flacco

    1   Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Valencia SLU, Valencia, Spain (Ringgold ID: RIN528638)

  • Sergio Estornut

    2   Generalitat Valenciana Conselleria d'Educacio Cultura Universitats i Ocupacio, Valencia, Spain (Ringgold ID: RIN203242)

  • Martín Pérez-Leal

    1   Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Valencia SLU, Valencia, Spain (Ringgold ID: RIN528638)
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Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease that leads to the progressive destruction of periodontal tissues. Traditional treatments focus on mechanical debridement; however, antioxidants are increasingly being considered as adjunctive therapies to improve clinical outcomes. Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), a tropical fruit and chemically characterized natural source of xanthones, exhibits potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, making it a promising candidate in phytotherapeutic periodontal interventions. This systematic review aimed to assess the clinical and biochemical effects of mangosteen-based treatments in patients with periodontitis, compared to placebo or conventional therapies.Methods:Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and clinical trials that evaluated the effects of mangosteen on periodontal parameters-probing pocket depth (PPD), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP)-as well as biochemical markers such as IL-6, TNF-α, MMP-8, MMP-9, total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), and oxidative stress indicators. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria, involving 422 patients. The use of 4% mangosteen gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) showed significant clinical improvements in PPD, GI, CAL, and BOP. Biochemically, reductions in IL-6 and MMP-9 and increased TAOC were observed. However, heterogeneity in formulations and methodologies limited comparability. Mangosteen appears to offer clinical and biochemical benefits as an adjunct in periodontal therapy. Further standardized, large-scale trials with long-term followup are needed to confirm its efficacy and optimize treatment protocols.



Publication History

Received: 24 September 2025

Accepted after revision: 29 December 2025

Accepted Manuscript online:
29 December 2025

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