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DOI: 10.1055/a-2681-4558
Krankheitsmodifizierende Therapie mit Lecanemab bei früher Alzheimer-Demenz
Disease-modifying therapy with lecanemab for early Alzheimer’s dementiaAuthors

Zusammenfassung
Die Alzheimer Krankheit (AD) ist eine schwere und fortschreitende neurodegenerative Erkrankung des Gehirns, die bislang mit primär nur symptomatisch wirksamen medikamentösen und nicht-medikamentösen Therapieformen als Standardtherapie behandelt wird. Nach der Zulassung des monoklonalen Anti-Amyloid Antikörper durch die FDA (Food and Drug Administration) hat sich die AD-Therapie gewandelt, da es durch diese Therapie möglich geworden ist, den biologischen Krankheitsprozess der AD zu verlangsamen. Lecanemab ist durch den Ausschuss für Humanarzneimittel (CHMP) der Europäischen Arzneimittel-Agentur (EMA) für die Zulassung bei Patienten mit früher AD unter zwei Bedingungen empfohlen worden. Erstens sollen homozygote ApoE4 Träger und zweitens Patienten, die eine orale Antikoagulantien erhalten, Lecanemab nicht erhalten. In der folgenden narrativen Übersicht werden der Wirkmechanismus, die Sicherheit sowie die Nebenwirkungen von Lecanemab erläutert. Ferner werden Risikofaktoren für Nebenwirkungen beschrieben. Schließlich werden die ersten Erfahrungen mit Lecanemab aus den Vereinigten Staaten berichtet sowie die Wirksamkeit und finanzielle Aspekte diskutiert. Lecanemab führt zu einer vorübergehenden Reduktion der Amyloid-ß Ablagerungen und zu einem Benefit, der sich in der Alltagskompetenz, Kognition und Lebensqualität abbilden lässt und durch seine nachweisbare biologisch-klinische nachweisbare Wirksamkeit als ein Durchbruch der AD-Therapie bezeichnet werden kann.
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a severe and progressive neurodegenerative disease of the brain that has so far been treated with symptomatic drug and non-drug therapies as standard treatment. Following the approval of the monoclonal anti-amyloid antibody by the FDA, AD therapy has changed, as this therapy has made it possible to attenuate the biological disease process of AD. Lecanemab has been recommended by the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for approval in patients with early AD under two conditions. Firstly, homozygous ApoE4 carriers and secondly, patients receiving oral anticoagulants should not receive lecanemab. The following narrative review explains the mechanism of action, safety and side effects of lecanemab. Furthermore, risk factors for side effects are described. Finally, the first experiences with lecanemab are reported and the efficacy and financial aspects are discussed. Lecanemab leads to a temporary reduction in amyloid-ß deposits and to a benefit that can be reflected in everyday competence, cognition and quality of life and can be described as a breakthrough in AD’s therapy due to its demonstrable biological and clinical efficacy.
Publikationsverlauf
Eingereicht: 20. Dezember 2024
Angenommen nach Revision: 11. Juni 2025
Artikel online veröffentlicht:
06. Oktober 2025
© 2025. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Oswald-Hesse-Straße 50, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany
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