Virale hämorrhagische Fieber (VHF) werden u.a. durch das Lassa-Virus, Ebola-Virus,
Marburg-Virus und das Krim-Kongo-Virus verursacht. Dort, wo diese Viren endemisch
vorkommen, verursachen sie sowohl zoonotische Einzelerkrankungen als auch epidemische
Ausbrüche mit Mensch-zu-Mensch-Übertragungen und teils hoher Letalität. Letztere zählen
zu den „high-consequence infectious diseases“ (HCID) und sollen hier näher betrachtet
werden.
Abstract
Lassa virus, Ebola virus, Marburg virus and Crimean Congo virus, as well as much rarer
viruses that cause Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (VHF), are zoonoses. Where these viruses
are endemic, they cause both individual diseases, so-called “spill-over events” with
isolated human cases after transmission from their animal reservoir, as well as epidemic
outbreaks with cases of disease transmitted from person to person, and often high
mortality. In this article, the focus will be on VHFs with the potential for human-to-human
transmission; these diseases are so-called “high-consequence infectious diseases (HCID)”
with partly considerable potential for epidemic spread and the risk of nosocomial
disease transmission. In some cases, other viral infections without the possibility
of human-to-human transmission, such as yellow fever or dengue fever, can also be
accompanied by bleeding or multi-organ failure.
Schlüsselwörter
virales hämorrhagisches Fieber - Lassa-Fieber - Ebola-Virus-Erkrankung - Marburg-Virus-Erkrankung
- Krim-Kongo-Hämorrhagisches Fieber - Erkrankungen durch hochpathogene Erreger
Keywords
Viral hemorrhagic fever - Lassa-fever - Ebola-virus disease - EVD - Marburg-virus
disease - MVD - Krim-Kongo-hemorrhagic fever - high-consequence-infectious diseases
- HCID
