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DOI: 10.1055/a-2596-8934
From guidelines to evidence-based practice – A German perspective on mesalazine as first-line therapy for mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis
Von Leitlinienempfehlungen zur evidenzbasierten Praxis: Eine deutsche Perspektive auf Mesalazin als Erstlinientherapie bei leicht- bis mäßiggradiger Colitis ulcerosaSupported by: Ferring Arzneimittel GmbH

Abstract
Mesalazine is the first-line treatment for mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis (UC) of any extent, as recommended by all major international and national guidelines. Approximately 85% of UC cases are classified as mild-to-moderate, making mesalazine a cornerstone therapy for the majority of patients. It rapidly induces clinical response and clinical remission, sustains steroid-free clinical, endoscopic, and histologic remission over the long term, and has a safety profile comparable to placebo. This paper reviews the recommendations for mesalazine use in the German UC guideline and provides practical advice (including do’s and don’ts) for their implementation in daily clinical practice. Examples include explaining the expected timeline and nature of the clinical response to mesalazine treatment; outlining the practical implications of the dose-dependency of the drug’s therapeutic effect; and emphasizing the importance of rectal mesalazine as the first-line treatment for proctitis. Additionally, we conducted a systematic literature search to evaluate whether mesalazine should be continued after escalation to biologics or small molecules. While no clear evidence of short-term clinical benefit was found, there was also no evidence of harm. In light of the potential long-term chemoprotective effect of mesalazine, continuation may be considered on a case-by-case basis. Lastly, we provide an overview of the various mesalazine formulations available in Germany, detailing how they are not interchangeable due to differences in drug-release profiles, excipients, and dosing strengths. Understanding these differences may help clinicians personalize treatment, improving adherence and clinical outcomes.
Zusammenfassung
Mesalazin wird in allen bedeutenden internationalen und nationalen Leitlinien als Erstlinienbehandlung bei leicht- bis mäßiggradiger Colitis ulcerosa (CU) jeglicher Ausdehnung empfohlen. Da ungefähr 85% der CU-Fälle als leicht bis mäßiggradig eingestuft werden, stellt Mesalazin die Basistherapie für den Großteil der Patient/-innen dar. Es führt rasch zu einem klinischen Ansprechen und einer klinischen Remission, erhält langfristig eine steroidfreie klinische, endoskopische und histologische Remission aufrecht und weist ein mit Placebo vergleichbares Sicherheitsprofil auf. In diesem Artikel werden die Empfehlungen für die Anwendung von Mesalazin in der deutschen CU-Leitlinie diskutiert und praktische Tipps (einschließlich Do’s und Don’ts) für deren Umsetzung im klinischen Alltag gegeben. Beispiele hierfür sind eine Erläuterung der zu erwartenden Dauer bis zum klinischen Ansprechen sowie des klinischen Verlaufs unter Mesalazin-Therapie, die Darstellung der praktischen Implikationen der dosisabhängigen therapeutischen Wirkung des Medikaments und die Betonung der wichtigen Rolle von rektalem Mesalazin als Erstlinientherapie bei Proktitis. Darüber hinaus wurde eine systematische Literaturrecherche durchgeführt, um zu bewerten, ob Mesalazin nach einer Eskalation auf Biologika oder small molecules fortgesetzt werden sollte. Zwar konnte keine eindeutige Evidenz für einen kurzfristigen klinischen Nutzen gefunden werden, jedoch auch keine Hinweise auf einen Schaden. Vor dem Hintergrund der potenziellen langfristigen chemoprotektiven Wirkung von Mesalazin kann eine Fortführung der Therapie im Einzelfall in Erwägung gezogen werden. Abschließend wird ein Überblick über die verschiedenen in Deutschland erhältlichen Mesalazin-Formulierungen gegeben und erläutert, warum sie aufgrund unterschiedlicher Wirkstofffreisetzungsprofile, Hilfsstoffe und Dosierungsstärken nicht austauschbar sind. Das Verständnis dieser Unterschiede kann Ärztinnen und Ärzte dabei helfen, die Behandlung individuell anzupassen und so die Therapietreue und die klinischen Ergebnisse zu verbessern.
Keywords
5-aminosalicylic acid - evidence-based practice - guidelines - mesalamine - mesalazine - mild-to-moderate UC - ulcerative colitisSchlüsselwörter
Colitis ulcerosa - 5-Aminosalicylsäure - evidenzbasierte Praxis - Leitlinien - Mesalamin - Mesalazin - leichte bis mäßiggradige Colitis ulcerosa - chronisch entzündliche DarmerkrankungPublication History
Received: 10 February 2025
Accepted after revision: 17 April 2025
Article published online:
16 June 2025
© 2025. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Oswald-Hesse-Straße 50, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany
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