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CC BY 4.0 · J Reconstr Microsurg Open 2025; 10(01): e12-e18
DOI: 10.1055/a-2596-5896
Original Article

A Novel Technique for the Three-Dimensional Visualization of Tissue Defects Using Tissue Paper Models: Spatial Analysis for Reconstruction Assessment Method

Sara E. Triatmoko
1   Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Fatmawati Central General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
,
Elida S. Siburian
1   Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Fatmawati Central General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
,
Jesica P. Sudarman
1   Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Fatmawati Central General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Abstract

Background

This technical note presents an innovative technique that uses tissue paper to create three-dimensional (3D) models to visualize tissue defects. This approach allows the construction of detailed, anatomically accurate models that significantly enhance surgeons' and medical professionals' comprehension of tissue damage in various clinical scenarios.

Methods

The key aspects of this technique include assessing the location and size of the defect, selecting an appropriate donor site, and designing the flap using tissue paper at the recipient site before refining it to match the donor site. Different flap designs, such as local, regional, and free flaps, are used, each offering distinct advantages and limitations depending on the clinical context.

Results

This technique is straightforward, cost-effective, and highly adaptable, making it an invaluable tool for both preoperative planning and educational purposes. Meticulous attention to detail is essential for flap design because it directly influences the success of the procedure. Critical factors, such as tissue laxity, scar orientation, and aesthetic subunits, must be carefully considered to ensure optimal wound healing and cosmetic outcomes.

Conclusion

In summary, the use of tissue paper to create 3D models is a valuable technique that enhances the understanding and planning of surgical interventions for tissue defects, ultimately improving clinical outcomes.

Keywords

flap design - reconstruction assessment - tissue defect - flap surgery - sterile tissue paper

Authors' Contributions

The first author (S.E.T.) conceptualized the innovative approach presented in this technical note and served as the primary operator for the surgical procedures performed. In addition to leading the development and execution of the technique, she also played a major role in drafting the manuscript. As the second operator (E.S.S.), supporting the technical execution of surgeries. She also assisted in refining the manuscript by conducting critical grammar and punctuation reviews and ensuring compliance with plagiarism standards. The procedure was documented comprehensively by one of the study authors (J.P.S.), who also contributed extensively to writing and editing the manuscript, and designed the accompanying illustrations to enhance the clarity of the novel technique described.


Disclosure

All authors report no relationships that could be construed as a conflict of interest. All authors take responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.




Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 23. November 2024

Angenommen: 17. April 2025

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
21. Mai 2025

© 2025. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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