Magnesium: Der Schlüssel zur Langlebigkeit

Zusammenfassung

Als pathogene Hauptfaktoren für Alterung und damit einhergehende Erkrankungen gelten oxidativer Stress mit Entzündungen und mitochondriale Dysfunktion. Die Hallmarks of Aging stehen unter dem Einfluss des endogenen Magnesiumstatus. Der Mineralstoff spielt eine wichtige Rolle in der Regulation von oxidativem Stress, Inflammation, Endothelfunktion, Telomerstruktur und mitochondrialer Funktion. Magnesiummangel beschleunigt die endotheliale und zelluläre Seneszenz. Bei der Supplementierung von Magnesium als Senolytikum ist Magnesiumtaurat zu bevorzugen.

Schlüsselwörter

Magnesium - Longevity - Hallmarks of Aging - Telomere - mitochondriale Dysfunktion - DNA - Epigenetik - Proteostase - zelluläre Seneszenz - Oxi-Inflammaging

• Literatur

• 1 Ben-Haim MS, Kanfi Y, Mitchell SJ. et al. Breaking the Ceiling of Human Maximal Life span. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018; 73: 1465-1471
• 2 Foreman KJ, Marquez N, Dolgert A. et al. Forecasting life expectancy, years of life lost, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 250 causes of death: reference and alternative scenarios for 2016–40 for 195 countries and territories. Lancet 2018; 392: 2052-2090
• 3 Beard JR, Officer A, de Carvalho IA. et al. The World report on ageing and health: a policy framework for healthy ageing. Lancet 2016; 387: 2145-2154
• 4 Kuo PL, Schrack JA, Levine M. et al. Longitudinal phenotypic aging metrics in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Nat Aging 2022; 2: 635-643
• 5 Chaudhari PS, Ermolaeva MA. Too old for healthy aging? Exploring age limits of longevity treatments. NPJ Metab Health Dis 2024; 2: 37
• 6 Franceschi C, Garagnani P, Parini P. et al. Inflammaging: a new immune-metabolic viewpoint for age-related diseases. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2018; 14: 576-590
• 7 López-Otín C, Blasco MA, Partridge L. et al. Hallmarks of aging. Cell 2013; 153: 1194-1217
• 8 López-Otín C, Blasco MA, Partridge L. et al. Hallmarks of aging: An expanding universe. Cell 2023; 186: 243-278
• 9 Youtube. Why I take 100+ pills every day. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=User8_dkz9s
• 10 Youtube. Magnesium: risks of deficiency, supplement options, cognitive and sleep benefits. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cepkTUQPAj4&t=305s
• 11 Gröber U, Schmidt J, Kisters K. Magnesium in Prevention and Therapy. Nutrients 2015; 7: 8199-8226
• 12 Gröber U. Magnesium and Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20: 2094
• 13 Hu L, Bai Y, Hu G. et al. Association of Dietary Magnesium Intake With Leukocyte Telomere Length in United States Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults. Front Nutr 2022; 9: 840804
• 14 Liu Y, Wang Q, Zhang Z. et al. Magnesium supplementation enhances mTOR signalling to facilitate myogenic differentiation and improve aged muscle performance. Bone 2021; 146: 115886
• 15 Pilchova I, KLacanova K, Tatarkova Z. et al. The Involvement of Mg2+ in Regulation of Cellular and Mitochondrial Functions. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2017; 2017: 6797460
• 16 Orhan C, Er B, Deeh PBD. et al. Different Sources of Dietary Magnesium Supplementation Reduces Oxidative Stress by Regulation Nrf2 and NF-κB Signaling Pathways in High-Fat Diet Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199: 4162-4170
• 17 Li M, Li Y, Lu Y. et al. Molecular basis of Mg2⁺ permeation through the human mitochondrial Mrs2 channel. Nat Commun 2023; 14: 4713
• 18 Nam K, Thodika ARA, Tischlik S. et al. Magnesium induced structural reorganization in the active site of adenylate kinase. Sci Adv 2024; 10: eado5504
• 19 Sirover MA, Loeb LA. Metal activation of DNA synthesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1976; 70: 812-817
• 20 Hartwig A. Role of magnesium in genomic stability. Mutat Res 2001; 475: 113-121
• 21 Guéroult M, Boittin O, Mauffret O. et al. Mg2⁺ in the major groove modulates B-DNA structure and dynamics. PLoS One 2012; 7: e41704
• 22 Ohyama T. New Aspects of Magnesium Function: A Key Regulator in Nucleosome Self-Assembly, Chromatin Folding and Phase Separation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20: 4232
• 23 Chacko SA, Sul J, Song Y. et al. Magnesium supplementation, metabolic and inflammatory markers, and global genomic and proteomic profiling: A randomized, double-blind, controlled, crossover trial in overweight individuals. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 93: 463-473
• 24 Takaya J, Iharada A, OKihana H. et al. Magnesium deficiency in pregnant rats alters methylation of specific cytosines in the hepatic hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-2 promoter of the offspring. Epigenetics 2011; 6: 573-578
• 25 Takaya J, Iharda A, Okihana H. et al. A calcium-deficient diet in pregnant, nursing rats induces hypomethylation of specific cytosines in the 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 promoter in pup liver. Nutr Res 2013; 33: 961-970
• 26 Labbadia J, Morimoto RI. The Biology of Proteostasis in Aging and Disease. Annu Rev Biochem 2015; 84: 435-464
• 27 Yu J, Sun M, Chen Z. et al. Magnesium modulates amyloid-beta protein precursor trafficking and processing. J Alzheimers Dis 2010; 20: 1091-1106
• 28 Zhu D, Su Y, Fu B. et al. Magnesium Reduces Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability and Regulates Amyloid-β Transcytosis. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55: 7118-7131
• 29 Hou H, Wang L, Fu T. et al. Magnesium Acts as a Second Messenger in the Regulation of NMDA Receptor-Mediated CREB Signaling in Neurons. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57: 2539-2550
• 30 Ahmed N. Advanced glycation endproducts – role in pathology of diabetic complications. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2005; 67: 3-21
• 31 Barbagallo M, Di Bella G, Brucato V. et al. Serum ionized magnesium in diabetic older persons. Metabolism 2014; 63: 502-509
• 32 Dhillon VS, Deo P, Fenech M. et al. Low magnesium in conjunction with high homocysteine increases DNA damage in healthy middle aged Australians. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63: 2555-2565
• 33 Villa-Bellosta R. Dietary magnesium supplementation improves lifespan in a mouse model of progeria. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12: e12423
• 34 Ferre S, Mazur A, Maier JAM. et al. Low-magnesium induces senescent features in cultured human endothelial cells. Magnes Res 2007; 20: 66-71
• 35 Lin CY, Tsai PS, Hung YC. et al. L-type calcium channels are involved in mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of magnesium sulphate. Br J Anaesth 2010; 104: 44-51
• 36 Mazidi M, Rezaie P, Banach M. et al. Effect of magnesium supplements on serum C-reactive protein: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Med Sci 2018; 14: 707-716
• 37 Alateeg K, Walsh EI, Ambikairajah A. et al. Association between dietary magnesium intake, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63: 1807-1818
• 38 Uysal N, Kizildag S, Yuce Z. et al. Timeline (Bioavailability) of Magnesium Compounds in Hours: Which Magnesium Compound Works Best?. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 187: 128-136
• 39 Singh P, Gollapalli K, Mangiola S. et al. Taurine deficiency as a driver of aging. Science 2023; 390: eabn9257
• 40 Rosanoff A, West C, Elin RJ. et al. Recommendation on an updated standardization of serum magnesium reference ranges. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61: 3697-3706
• 41 Kisters L, Gröber U, Kisters K. Increased calcium/magnesium ratio in elderly hypertensives. Magnes Res 2025; 37: 1-2
• 42 Fan L, Gong X, Jia H. Relationship between the magnesium depletion score and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among asthma patients: A Study based on the NHANES population from 2005-2018. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2025; 88: 127602