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CC BY 4.0 · Sustainability & Circularity NOW 2025; 02: a25156076
DOI: 10.1055/a-2515-6076
Sustainable Solvents
Short Review

Exploring Ionic Liquid-Based Liquid–Liquid Extraction as a Benign Alternative for Sustainable Wastewater Treatment

Sachind Prabha Padinhattath 
1   Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
,
M. Shaibuna 
1   Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
,
Ramesh L. Gardas 
1   Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
› Author Affiliations
Funding Information The authors would like to acknowledge funds from the International Cooperation Division, Department of Science and Technology (DST), India, through project DST/INT/Portugal/P-10/2021.
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Abstract

The uncontrolled release of industrial effluents containing micropollutants (MPs), dyes, and heavy metal ions contaminates natural water bodies posing threats to health and the environment. Conventional treatment methods often struggle with challenges such as prolonged processing time, low specificity, and risk of producing secondary pollutants. Liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) technique utilizing ionic liquids (ILs) has emerged as a viable alternative for the elimination of contaminants from wastewater. ILs, characterized by minimal volatility and tunable physicochemical properties, facilitate the precise elimination of contaminants from industrial effluent. IL-LLE streamlines the experimental setup, lowers energy consumption, promotes recyclability for reuse, enhances mechanistic understanding, and hence provides a sustainable alternative to industrial effluent treatment. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of IL-LLE approaches for wastewater treatment, commencing with an overview of the historical evolution of ILs, tracing their progression from initial research to contemporary and advanced applications. The article primarily examines the practical applications of IL-LLE, demonstrating how these approaches are employed to efficiently remove diverse contaminants from both simulated and actual industrial wastewater samples. As a whole, the review consolidates the versatility and efficiency of IL-based LLE in addressing various challenges in wastewater treatment.

Keywords

Ionic liquid - Wastewater - Liquid–liquid extraction - Micropollutants - Dyes - Heavy metals - Reuse

Declaration of Generative AI in Scientific Writing

During the preparation of this research work, ChatGPT was used to improve the readability and language of the manuscript. After using this tool/service, the authors reviewed and edited the content as required and took full responsibility for the publication.




Publication History

Received: 04 November 2024

Accepted after revision: 10 January 2025

Accepted Manuscript online:
13 January 2025

Article published online:
29 January 2025

© 2025. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Oswald-Hesse-Straße 50, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

Bibliographical Record
Sachind Prabha Padinhattath, M. Shaibuna, Ramesh L. Gardas. Exploring Ionic Liquid-Based Liquid–Liquid Extraction as a Benign Alternative for Sustainable Wastewater Treatment. Sustainability & Circularity NOW 2025; 02: a25156076.
DOI: 10.1055/a-2515-6076
 

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