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CC BY 4.0 · SynOpen 2024; 08(04): 328-359
DOI: 10.1055/a-2460-7378
DOI: 10.1055/a-2460-7378
graphical review
Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Deuteration via Hydrogen Isotope Exchange
Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [22308307 (Z.-J.J.) and 22001257 (J.F.B.)], the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo Municipality [202003N4310 (Z.-J.J.)], and the Ningbo Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology under the CM2025 Programme [2020Z092 (Z.G.)] is acknowledged. J.F.B. thanks the NingboTech University Start-up Foundation (2022A229G).
Abstract
Direct hydrogen isotope exchange represents a distinctive strategy for deuterium labelling, where the protium is directly replaced by deuterium. In this graphical review, we summarize the progress in deuteration via transition-metal-catalyzed hydrogen isotope exchange. The review is organized according to the mechanism of C–H bond activation relating to the homogeneous catalysis, and heterogeneous catalysis is also discussed according to the catalyst type. Representative mechanistic processes are depicted, and proven cases for tritiation are also highlighted.
Key words
H/D exchange - C–H activation - hydrogen-borrowing - deuterium labelling - heavy water - deuterium gasPublication History
Received: 20 September 2024
Accepted after revision: 29 October 2024
Accepted Manuscript online:
04 November 2024
Article published online:
11 December 2024
© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
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