Pregnancy Metabolic Adaptation and Changes in Placental Metabolism in Preeclampsia

Abstract

Pregnancy is a unique physiological state in which the maternal body undergoes a series of changes in the metabolism of glucose, lipids, amino acids, and other nutrients in order to adapt to the altered state of pregnancy and provide adequate nutrients for the fetus’ growth and development. The metabolism of various nutrients is regulated by one another in order to maintain homeostasis in the body. Failure to adapt to the altered physiological conditions of pregnancy can lead to a range of pregnancy issues, including fetal growth limitation and preeclampsia. A failure of metabolic adaptation during pregnancy is linked to the emergence of preeclampsia. The treatment of preeclampsia by focusing on metabolic changes may provide new therapeutic alternatives.

Zusammenfassung

Die Schwangerschaft ist ein einzigartiger physiologischer Zustand, in dem der Körper der Mutter verschiedene Veränderungen des Glukose-, Fett-, und Aminosäurestoffwechsels durchmacht, um sich an den veränderten Zustand der Schwangerschaft anzupassen und ausreichende Nährstoffe für das Wachstum und die Entwicklung des Fetus zur Verfügung zu stellen. Die Stoffwechselvorgänge der verschiedenen Nährstoffe regulieren sich gegenseitig, um die Homöostase im Körper aufrechtzuerhalten. Unterbleibt diese Anpassung an die veränderten physiologischen Bedingungen der Schwangerschaft, kann dies zu verschiedenen Problemen in der Schwangerschaft führen, beispielsweise eine fetale Wachstumsrestriktion oder Präeklampsie. Störungen der metabolischen Anpassung während der Schwangerschaft werden mit der Entstehung von Präeklampsie in Verbindung gebracht. Neue Ansätze zur Behandlung der Präeklampsie, bei denen das Augenmerk auf metabolische Veränderungen gerichtet wird, könnten neue therapeutische Alternativen bieten.

Keywords

pregnancy - metabolic adaptation - preeclampsia - placenta - glucose - lipids - amino acids

Schlüsselwörter

Schwangerschaft - metabolische Anpassung - Präeklampsie - Plazenta - Glukose - Lipide - Aminosäuren

Publication History

Received: 08 May 2024

Accepted after revision: 24 August 2024

Article published online:
19 September 2024

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