„Wer kümmert sich um uns?“ Ergebnisse einer Querschnittsuntersuchung zur psychosozialen Gesundheit von Geburtshelfer*innen und Hebammen nach traumatischen Geburtserlebnissen

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund: Traumatische Geburten führen nicht nur zu emotionalem Stress für die werdenden Eltern, sondern können auch die psychosoziale Gesundheit von Hebammen und Geburtshelfer*innen aufgrund ihrer beruflichen Anforderungen beeinträchtigen.

Ziel der Studie: Evaluation des Einflusses traumatischer Geburtserlebnisse auf die psychosoziale Gesundheit von geburtshilflichem Gesundheitspersonal.

Methodik: Querschnittsuntersuchung unter Anwendung validierter Messinstrumente (Impact of Event Scale Revised IES-R, Copenhagen Burnout Inventory CBI) und Erhebung des posttraumatischen Wachstums (PGI-SF) durch eine Online-Befragung von Hebammen und Geburtshelfer*innen im deutschsprachigen Raum.

Ergebnisse: Die Studie umfasst 700 Teilnehmer*innen mit peripartalen und/oder persönlichen Traumata. Die 33 Teilnehmer*innen (6,3% der 528 Teilnehmer*innen mit ausgefülltem IES-R ) mit einer posttraumatische Belastungsstörung (PTBS) erhielten seltener Unterstützung durch Kolleg*innen (p=0,007) und zogen häufiger Konsequenzen am Arbeitsplatz (p<0,001) als Teilnehmer*innen ohne PTBS. Ein moderates bis hohes Burnout-Level ergab sich für 66,2% der 542 Teilnehmer*innen mit ausgefülltem CBI. Bei 75,9% der 528 Teilnehmer*innen mit ausgefülltem PGI-SF zeigte sich durch das Erleben eines Traumas ein persönliches Wachstum.

Schlussfolgerung: Die psychosoziale Gesundheit von Hebammen und Geburtshelfern ist durch traumatische Geburtserlebnisse gefährdet. Screening-Untersuchungen und das Angebot kollegialer und professioneller Nachbesprechungen zur Stärkung der Resilienz sind wesentliche präventive Maßnahmen.

Abstract

Background: Traumatic births not only cause emotional stress for expectant parents but can also affect the psychosocial health of midwives and obstetricians due to their professional demands.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of traumatic birth experiences on the psychosocial health of obstetric healthcare professionals.

Methods: A cross-sectional study using validated measurement tools (Impact of Event Scale Revised IES-R, Copenhagen Burnout Inventory CBI) and assessing post-traumatic growth (PGI-SF) through an online survey of midwives and obstetricians in German-speaking areas.

Results: The study included 700 participants with peripartum and/or personal traumas. Of the 528 participants who completed the IES-R, 33 (6.3%) with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) received less support from colleagues (p = 0.007) and were more likely to experience workplace consequences (p < 0.001) than participants without PTSD. A moderate to high level of burnout was found in 66.2% of the 542 participants who completed the CBI. Personal growth through experiencing trauma was reported by 75.9% of the 528 participants who completed the PGI-SF.

Conclusion: The psychosocial health of midwives and obstetricians is at risk due to traumatic birth experiences. Screening tests and the provision of collegial and professional debriefings to strengthen resilience are essential preventive interventions.

Schlüsselwörter

Gesundheitspersonal - Traumatische Geburt - Burnout - Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung - Kommunikation

keywords

healthcare workers - traumatic childbirth - post-traumatic stress disorder - communication

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