RSS-Feed abonnieren

DOI: 10.1055/a-2349-2767
ReLink strategy in diagnosed-but-untreated hepatitis C-positive patients in Germany: report from a single center
Hepatitis C ReLink project GermanyDie ReLink-Strategie bei diagnostizierten aber unbehandelten Hepatitis C-positiven Patient*innen in Deutschland: Bericht aus einem einzelnen ZentrumHepatitis C ReLink-Projekt DeutschlandData extraction and medical writing support for the manuscript was funded by Gilead Sciences GmbH, Martinsried/Munich, Germany.

Abstract
Objective The ReLink project aims to reintegrate diagnosed-but-untreated hepatitis-C-positive patients into medical care and initiate a therapy.
Material/methods A retrospective search within the practice management system of a single center in Germany identified among 1965 hepatitis-C-positive patients 100 untreated patients with available contact details and meeting all inclusion criteria. Patients were contacted by 2 contact rounds.
Results Out of 100 patients, 64% were male. Most patients (81%) were aged between 30 and 59 years. The patients belonged to high-risk groups for hepatitis C virus infections or had other comorbidities. The majority of patients injected drugs (21%) and/or were currently or had been on substitution therapy (44%); alcohol addiction was also frequent (21%). Out of 25 patients who agreed to an appointment, 10 patients (40%) started therapy and 5 additional patients (20%) agreed to therapy but were not yet able to start or had not yet made a decision. One‑third of patients who agreed to an appointment did not show up.
Conclusions Diagnosed-but-untreated patients are an important subgroup of hepatitis-C-positive patients; their recall to the clinic for direct-acting antiviral therapy is possible. However, inaccurate contact information, unresponsiveness to outreach, and further reluctance to attend doctor appointments limited the overall impact of this program. Regular review of the patients’ contact details may facilitate both follow-up and recall.
Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Ziel des ReLink‑Projekts ist die Reintegration diagnostizierter aber unbehandelter Hepatitis C‑positiver Patient*innen in die medizinische Versorgung und ihre Therapie.
Material/Methoden Durch eine retrospektive Suche im Praxisverwaltungssystem eines einzelnen Zentrums in Deutschland wurden unter 1965 Hepatitis C-positiven Patient*innen 100 unbehandelte Patient*innen mit verfügbaren Kontaktdaten identifiziert, die alle Einschlusskriterien erfüllten. Diese wurden in zwei Runden kontaktiert.
Ergebnisse Von 100 Patient*innen waren 64% männlich. Das Alter der meisten Patient*innen (81%) lag zwischen 30 und 59 Jahren. Die Patient*innen gehörten Hochrisikogruppen für Hepatitis C‑Infektionen an oder hatten andere Komorbiditäten. Die Mehrheit der Patient*innen injizierte Drogen (21%) und/oder substituierte aktuell oder in der Vergangenheit (44%); Alkoholabhängigkeit war ebenfalls häufig (21% der Patient*innen). Von 25 Patient*innen, die einem Termin zustimmten, begannen 10 Patient*innen (40%) eine Therapie und fünf weitere Patient*innen (20%) stimmten einer Therapie zu, konnten sie aber noch nicht beginnen, oder waren noch unentschieden. Ein Drittel der Patient*innen mit zugesagtem Termin erschien nicht.
Zusammenfassung Diagnostizierte aber unbehandelte Patient*innen stellen eine wichtige Subgruppe Hepatitis C‑positiver Patient*innen dar; ihre Rückführung zur direkt wirkenden antiviralen Therapie in die Klinik ist möglich. Allerdings limitierten fehlerhafte Kontaktinformationen, Unempfänglichkeit für Kontaktaufnahmen und Zurückhaltung beim Wahrnehmen von Arztterminen die Gesamtwirkung dieses Programms. Eine regelmäßige Überprüfung der Patient*innenkontakte könnte sowohl die Nachbeobachtung als auch die Rückführung ermöglichen.
Keywords
Hepatitis C elimination - ReLink strategy - diagnosed-but-untreated patients - linkage to medical care - patients lost to follow-up - difficult-to-treat personSchlüsselwörter
Beseitigung von Hepatitis C - ReLink-Strategie - Diagnostizierte aber unbehandelte Hepatitis C-positive Patient*innen - Rückführung in die medizinische Versorgung - Der Nachbeobachtung verloren gegangene Patient*innen - Schwierig zu behandelnde PersonenPublikationsverlauf
Eingereicht: 31. Januar 2024
Angenommen nach Revision: 23. Mai 2024
Artikel online veröffentlicht:
16. Juli 2024
© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany
-
References
- 1 Zeuzem S. Treatment options in hepatitis C. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2017; 114: 11-21
- 2 Sarrazin C, Zimmermann T, Berg T. et al. S3-Leitlinie Prophylaxe, Diagnostik und Therapie der Hepatitis-C-Virus (HCV)-Infektion (AWMF-Register-Nr.: 021/012). Z Gastroenterol 2018; 56: 756-838
- 3 Cacoub P, Poynard T, Ghillani P. et al. Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C. MULTIVIRC Group. Multidepartment Virus C. Arthritis Rheum 1999; 42: 2204-2212
- 4 Westbrook RH, Dusheiko G. Natural history of hepatitis C. J Hepatol 2014; 61: S58-68
- 5 Cui F, Blach S, Manzengo Mingiedi C. et al. Global reporting of progress towards elimination of hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 8: 332-342
- 6 World Health Organization. Global progress report on HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections, 2021. Accountability for the global health sector strategies 2016–2021: actions for impact. Geneva: 2021
- 7 World Health Organization. Progress report on access to hepatitis C treatment: focus on overcoming barriers in low- and middle-income countries. In: . 2018: 68
- 8 Sarrazin C, Boesecke C, Golsabahi-Broclawski S. et al. Hepatitis C virus: Current steps toward elimination in Germany and barriers to reaching the 2030 goal. Health Sci Rep 2021; 4: e290
- 9 Sarrazin C, Zimmermann T, Berg T. et al. Addendum zur S3-Leitlinie Prophylaxe, Diagnostik und Therapie der Hepatitis-C-Virus (HCV)-Infektion (AWMF-Register-Nr.: 021/012). Z Gastroenterol 2020; 58: 1110-1131
- 10 Sandmann L, Schulte B, Manns MP. et al. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C: efficacy, side effects and complications. Visc Med 2019; 35: 161-170
- 11 Chen CH, Yu ML. Evolution of interferon-based therapy for chronic hepatitis C. Hepat Res Treat 2010; 2010: 140953
- 12 Kamal SM. Pharmacogenetics of hepatitis C: transition from interferon-based therapies to direct-acting antiviral agents. Hepat Med 2014; 6: 61-77
- 13 Ghany MG, Morgan TR. Hepatitis C Guidance 2019 Update: American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases-Infectious Diseases Society of America Recommendations for Testing, Managing, and Treating Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Hepatology 2020; 71: 686-721
- 14 Peiffer KH, Zeuzem S. Treatment of hepatitis C infections in the era of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2022; 65: 246-253
- 15 World Health Organization. Global health sector strategy on viral hepatitis 2016–2021. Towards ending viral hepatitis. WHO/HIV/2016.06. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016
- 16 Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss (G-BA). Richtlinie des Gemeinsamen Bundesausschusses über die Gesundheitsuntersuchungen zur Früherkennung von Krankheiten (Gesundheitsuntersuchungs-Richtlinie). In: . 2020: 18
- 17 Han R, Zhou J, Francois C. et al. Prevalence of hepatitis C infection among the general population and high-risk groups in the EU/EEA: a systematic review update. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19: 655
- 18 Enkelmann J, Gassowski M, Nielsen S. et al. High prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection and low level of awareness among people who recently started injecting drugs in a cross-sectional study in Germany, 2011–2014: missed opportunities for hepatitis C testing. Harm Reduct J 2020; 17: 7
- 19 Ferraz MLG, de Andrade ARCF, Pereira GHS. et al. Retrieval of HCV patients lost to follow-up as a strategy for Hepatitis C Microelimination: results of a Brazilian multicentre study. BMC Infectious Diseases 2023; 23: 468
- 20 Dröse S, Hansen JF, Røge BT. et al. Retrieval of patients with hepatitis C who were lost to follow-up in Southern Denmark. Infectious Diseases 2023; 55: 361-369
- 21 Vargas-Accarino E, Martínez-Campreciós J, Domínguez-Hernández R. et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of an active search to retrieve HCV patients lost to follow-up (RELINK-C strategy) and the impact of COVID-19. J Viral Hepat 2022; 29: 579-583
- 22 Buti M, Branch A, Mendizabal M. et al. IDDF2023-ABS-0299 Effectiveness of ReLink initiatives to re-engage diagnosed-but-untreated HCV-positive patients with direct-acting antiviral treatment. Gut 2023; 72: A172
- 23 Morales-Arraez D, Hernández-Bustabad A, Reygosa Castro C. et al. Reengagement strategies for hepatitis C patients lost to follow-up: A randomized clinical trial. Hepatology Communications 2023; 7: e0080
- 24 Abergel A, Bailly F, Foucher J. et al. RECONVOCC : Can we reconvene chronic hepatitis C patients who were lost to follow-up?. ILC 2021; PO-785 https://www.postersessiononline.eu/173580348_eu/congresos/ILC2021/aula/-PO_785_ILC2021.pdf
- 25 Mendizabal M, Thompson M, Gonzalez-Ballerga E. et al. Implementation of a re-linkage to care strategy in patients with chronic hepatitis C who were lost to follow-up in Latin America. J Viral Hepat 2023; 30: 56-63
- 26 Yen HH, Su PY, Liu ILi. et al. Retrieval of lost patients in the system for hepatitis C microelimination: a single-center retrospective study. BMC Gastroenterology 2021; 21: 209
- 27 Chen CJ, Huang YH, Hsu CW. et al. Hepatitis C micro-elimination through the retrieval strategy of patients lost to follow-up. BMC Gastroenterology 2023; 23: 40
- 28 Torner Simó M, Muñoz Castillo L, Muñoz Quinto A. et al. Estrategia de micro-eliminación del VHC en un hospital terciario: identificación de los casos perdidos y adhesión posterior a la asistencia. Gastroenterología y Hepatología 2023; 46: 132-199
- 29 Tergast TL, Protzer U, Zeuzem S. et al. Strategietreffen: Virushepatitis in Deutschland eliminieren. Z Gastroenterol 2023; 61: 198-201
- 30 Robert Koch-Institute (RKI). Aktuelle Daten und Informationen zu Infektionskrankheiten und Public Health. Epidemiologisches Bulletin 2023; 31: 3-16