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DOI: 10.1055/a-2246-2357
Post-COVID-Patienten mit persistierenden chemosensorischen Symptomen sind in der Bevölkerung selten
Post-COVID patients with persistent chemosensory symptoms are rare in the general population
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Prävalenz Long-/Post-COVID-assoziierter chemosensorischer Symptome wird in der Literatur deutlich höher angegeben als es die klinische Realität widerspiegelt.
Methoden 1. Vom Gesundheitsamt Jena an das Robert-Koch-Institut im Zeitraum von März 2020 bis September 2021 übermittelte n=4062 erwachsene, akut SARS-CoV-2-Infizierte mit ihren Symptomen wurden ausgewertet. 2. Ein Teil derselben Kohorte (n=909 von 4062) beantwortete einen umfangreichen Fragenbogen mindestens 3 Monate nach Beginn der Infektion unter anderem hinsichtlich bestehender chemosensorischer Post-COVID-assoziierter Beschwerden. 3. Vierzehn Jenaer Post-COVID-Patienten mit chemosensorischen Symptomen, die sich im gleichen Zeitraum akut infiziert hatten, wurden in unserer HNO-ärztlichen Spezialambulanz diagnostiziert, therapiert und beraten.
Ergebnisse Die Prävalenz chemosensorischer Symptome zu Beginn der Infektion lag bei 19% (600/3187). Etwa jeder 2. schriftlich Befragte der ehemals akut Infizierten (441/890) erinnerte sich an chemosensorische Symptome während seiner COVID-19-Infektion. Davon beklagten etwa 38% (167/441) persistierende chemosensorische Post-COVID-Beschwerden nach im Mittel 14,5 Monaten. Nur 2,3% (14/600) der ehemals akut Infizierten mit chemosensorischen Symptomen suchten medizinische Hilfe in der Spezialsprechstunde. Bei der Hälfte ließen sich quantitative chemosensorische Schäden objektivieren.
Schlussfolgerungen Trotz hoher Prävalenz subjektiver chemosensorischer Symptome bei akut und ehemals SARS-CoV-2-Infizierten besteht nur ein geringer Bedarf einer spezialisierten Behandlung, sodass, anders als bei anderen Post-COVID-assoziierten Beschwerden, das Gesundheitswesen hierdurch insgesamt wenig bedeutsam belastet erscheint.
Abstract
Objective The prevalence of long-/post-COVID-associated chemosensory symptoms is reported in the literature to be significantly higher than clinical reality reflects.
Methods 1. N= 4062 adults acutely infected with SARS-CoV-2 and their symptoms transmitted by the Jena health office to the Robert Koch Institute between March 2020 and September 2021 were evaluated. 2. Part of the same cohort (N = 909 of 4062) answered an extensive questionnaire at least 3 months after the start of the infection, including existing chemosensory post-COVID-associated complaints. 3. Fourteen post-COVID Jena patients with chemosensory symptoms who had become acutely infected during the same period were diagnosed, treated and advised in our ENT specialist outpatient clinic.
Results The prevalence of chemosensory symptoms at the onset of infection was 19% (600/3187). About every second written respondent of the formerly acutely infected (441/890) remembered chemosensory symptoms during their COVID-19 infection. Of these, around 38% (167/441) complained of persistent chemosensory post-COVID symptoms after an average of 14.5 months. Only 2.3% (14/600) of the previously acutely infected patients with chemosensory symptoms sought medical help in a special consultation. Quantitative chemosensory damage could only be objectified in half, i.e. 1.2% (7/600) of the total cohort.
Conclusions Despite a high prevalence of subjective chemosensory symptoms in acutely and formerly SARS-CoV-2 infected people, there is only a low need for specialized treatment, so that, unlike other post-COVID-associated complaints, the healthcare system as a whole appears to be less significantly burdened.
Schlüsselwörter
Riechen - Schmecken - COVID-19 - chemosensorische Post-COVID Symptome - populationsbezogene PrävalenzenPublication History
Received: 21 August 2023
Accepted: 27 December 2023
Article published online:
22 February 2024
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