S3-Leitlinie Diagnostik und Therapie der Plattenepithelkarzinome und Adenokarzinome des Ösophagus

Schlüsselwörter

Krebs - Ösophagus - Ösophaguskarzinom - Tumor - Diagnostik - Therapie - Epidemiologie - Malignom - Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft (DKG) - Qualitätsindikatoren

Publication History

Received: 02 January 2024

Accepted: 08 January 2024

Article published online:
10 April 2024

• Literatur

• 1 Robert Koch-Institut und die Gesellschaft der epidemiologischen Krebsregister in Deutschland e V. Krebs in Deutschland für 2015/2016. 2019 12. Aufl.. https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/Gesundheitsmonitoring/Krebsregisterdaten/krebs_node.html
• 2 Kreienberg R. et al. Interdisziplinäre S3-Leitlinie für die Diagnostik, Therapie und Nachsorge des Mammakarzinoms AWMF-Register-Nummer: 032–045OL 2012.
• 3 Beauchamp TL, Childress JF. Priciples of Biomedical Ethics, Oxford University Press 5th ed. 2001
• 4 (Muster)-Berufsordnung für die in Deutschland tätigen Ärztinnen und Ärzte (Stand 2011). www.bundesaerztekammer.de (Letzter Aufruf am 10032015)
• 5 Bundesministerium der Justiz und des Verbraucherschutzes (2013) Gesetz zur Verbesserung der Rechte von Patientinnen und Patienten Drucksache 7/13. www.bmjv.de/DE/Buerger/gesellschaft/Patientenrechte/node.html (letzter Aufruf am 04052014)
• 6 Lee CH, Wu DC, Lee JM. et al. Anatomical subsite discrepancy in relation to the impact of the consumption of alcohol, tobacco and betel quid on esophageal cancer. Int J Cancer 2007; 120: 1755-1762 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17230518/
• 7 Pandeya N, Webb PM, Sadeghi S. et al. Gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms and the risks of oesophageal cancer: are the effects modified by smoking, NSAIDs or acid suppressants?. Gut 2010; 59: 31-38 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19875392/
• 8 Tramacere I, La VC, Negri E. Tobacco smoking and esophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma: a meta-analysis. Epidemiology 2011; 22: 344-349 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21330928/
• 9 Rafiq R, Shah IA, Bhat GA. et al. Secondhand Smoking and the Risk of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a High Incidence Region, Kashmir, India: A Case-control-observational Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95: e2340 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26735535/
• 10 Sewram V, Sitas F, O'Connell D. et al. Tobacco and alcohol as risk factors for oesophageal cancer in a high incidence area in South Africa. Cancer Epidemiol 2016; 41: 113-121 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26900781/
• 11 Islami F, Fedirko V, Tramacere I. et al. Alcohol drinking and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with focus on light-drinkers and never-smokers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cancer 2011; 129: 2473-2484 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21190191/
• 12 Bagnardi V, Rota M, Botteri E. et al. Light alcohol drinking and cancer: a meta-analysis. Ann Oncol 2013; 24 (02) 301-308 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22910838/
• 13 Pandeya N, Williams G, Green AC. et al. Alcohol consumption and the risks of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Gastroenterology 2009; 136: 1215-24.e1-2 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19250648/
• 14 Freedman ND, Murray LJ, Kamangar F. et al. Alcohol intake and risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma: a pooled analysis from the BEACON Consortium. Gut 2011; 60: 1029-1037 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21406386/
• 15 Tramacere I, Pelucchi C, Bagnardi V. et al. A meta-analysis on alcohol drinking and esophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma risk. Ann.Oncol 2012; 23: 287-297 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21551004/
• 16 Nucci D, Marino A, Realdon S. et al. Lifestyle, WCRF/AICR Recommendations, and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Risk: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Nutrients 2021; 13 (10) 3525 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34684526/
• 17 Ji J, Sundquist J, Sundquist K. Associations of alcohol use disorders with esophageal and gastric cancers: a population-based study in Sweden. Eur J Cancer Prev 2017; 26: 119-124 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26886238/
• 18 Guh DP, Zhang W, Bansback N. et al. The incidence of co-morbidities related to obesity and overweight: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC.Public Health 2009; 9: 88 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19320986/
• 19 Ryan AM, Duong M, Healy L. et al. Obesity, metabolic syndrome and esophageal adenocarcinoma: epidemiology, etiology and new targets. Cancer Epidemiol 2011; 35: 309-319 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21470937/
• 20 Turati F, Tramacere I, La Vecchia C. et al. A meta-analysis of body mass index and esophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma. Ann Oncol 2013; 24: 609-617 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22898040/
• 21 O'Doherty MG, Freedman ND, Hollenbeck AR. et al. A prospective cohort study of obesity and risk of oesophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Gut 2012; 61: 1261-1268 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22174193/
• 22 Huang Y, Cao D, Chen Z. et al. Iron intake and multiple health outcomes: Umbrella review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 1-18 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34583608/
• 23 Xuan F, Li W, Guo X. et al. Dietary carbohydrate intake and the risk of esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2020; 40 (02) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32027364/
• 24 Thota PN, Arora Z, Benjamin T. et al. Influence of body mass index on the prevalence and progression of dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus: a retrospective analysis (). Scand J Gastroenterol 2016; 51: 1288-1293 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27460942/
• 25 Krishnamoorthi R, Borah B, Heien H. et al. Rates and predictors of progression to esophageal carcinoma in a large population-based Barrett's esophagus cohort. Gastrointest Endosc 2016; 84: 40-46.e7 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26772891/
• 26 Zendehdel K, Nyren O, Edberg A. et al. Risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma in achalasia patients, a retrospective cohort study in Sweden. Am J Gastroenterol 2011; 106: 57-61 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21212754/
• 27 Leeuwenburgh I, Scholten P, Alderliesten J. et al. Long-term esophageal cancer risk in patients with primary achalasia: a prospective study. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105: 2144-2149 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20588263/
• 28 Ji J, Hemminki K. Familial risk for esophageal cancer: an updated epidemiologic study from Sweden. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006; 4: 840-845 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16678496/
• 29 Taylor C, Correa C, Duane F. et al. Estimating the Risks of Breast Cancer Radiotherapy: Evidence From Modern Radiation Doses to the Lungs and Heart and From Previous Randomized Trials. J Clin Oncol 2017; 35 (15) 1641-1649 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28319436/
• 30 Berrington de Gonzalez A, Curtis R, Kry S. et al. Proportion of second cancers attributable to radiotherapy treatment in adults: a cohort study in the US SEER cancer registries. Lancet Oncol 2011; 12 (04) 353-360 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21454129/
• 31 Han C, Wu Y, Kang K. et al. Long-term radiation therapy-related risk of second primary malignancies in patients with lung cancer. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13 (10) 5863-5874 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34795935/
• 32 Morton LM, Gilbert ES, Hall P. et al. Risk of treatment-related esophageal cancer among breast cancer survivors. Ann Oncol 2012; 23: 3081-3091 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22745217/
• 33 Morton L, Gilbert E, Stovall M. et al. Risk of esophageal cancer following radiotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma. Haematologica 2014; 99 (10) e193-e196 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25271315/
• 34 Zablotska LB, Chak A, Das A. et al. Increased risk of squamous cell esophageal cancer after adjuvant radiation therapy for primary breast cancer. Am J Epidemiol 2005; 161: 330-337 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15692076/
• 35 Roychoudhuri R, Evans H, Robinson D. et al. Radiation-induced malignancies following radiotherapy for breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2004; 91: 868-872 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15292931/
• 36 Okonta KE, Tettey M, Abubakar U. In patients with corrosive oesophageal stricture for surgery, is oesophagectomy rather than bypass necessary to reduce the risk of oesophageal malignancy?. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2012; 15: 713-715 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22821650/
• 37 Lagergren J, Bergstrom R, Lindgren A. et al. Symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux as a risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma. N Engl J Med 1999; 340: 825-831 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10080844/
• 38 Velanovich V, Hollingsworth J, Suresh P. et al. Relationship of gastroesophageal reflux disease with adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus and cardia. Dig Surg 2002; 19: 349-353 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12435904/
• 39 Wu AH, Tseng CC, Bernstein L. Hiatal hernia, reflux symptoms, body size, and risk of esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma. Cancer 2003; 98: 940-948 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12942560/
• 40 Chak A, Faulx A, Eng C. et al. Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or cardia. Cancer 2006; 107: 2160-2166 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17019737/
• 41 Rubenstein JH, Taylor JB. Meta-analysis: the association of oesophageal adenocarcinoma with symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux. Aliment.Pharmacol.Ther 2010; 32: 1222-1227 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20955441/
• 42 Hazelton WD, Curtius K, Inadomi JM. et al. The Role of Gastroesophageal Reflux and Other Factors during Progression to Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015; 24: 1012-1023 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25931440/
• 43 Hvid-Jensen F, Pedersen L, Drewes AM. et al. Incidence of adenocarcinoma among patients with Barrett's esophagus. N Engl J Med 2011; 365: 1375-1383 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21995385/
• 44 Wani S, Falk G, Hall M. et al. Patients with nondysplastic Barrett's esophagus have low risks for developing dysplasia or esophageal adenocarcinoma. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011; 9: 220-227 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21115133/
• 45 Anaparthy R, Gaddam S, Kanakadandi V. et al. Association between length of Barrett's esophagus and risk of high-grade dysplasia or adenocarcinoma in patients without dysplasia. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 11: 1430-1436 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23707463/
• 46 Gaddam S, Singh M, Balasubramanian G. et al. Persistence of nondysplastic Barrett's esophagus identifies patients at lower risk for esophageal adenocarcinoma: results from a large multicenter cohort. Gastroenterology 2013; 145: 548-553.e1 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23714382/
• 47 Desai TK, Krishnan K, Samala N. et al. The incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma in non-dysplastic Barrett's oesophagus: a meta-analysis. Gut 2012; 61: 970-976 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21997553/
• 48 Solaymani-Dodaran M, Card TR, West J. Cause-specific mortality of people with Barrett's esophagus compared with the general population: a population-based cohort study. Gastroenterology 2013; 144: 1375-1383 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23583429/
• 49 Koop H, Fuchs KH, Labenz J. et al. S2k guideline: gastroesophageal reflux disease guided by the German Society of Gastroenterology: AWMF register no 021-013. Z Gastroenterol 2014; 52: 1299-1346 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25390216/
• 50 Cooper S, Menon S, Nightingale P. et al. Risk factors for the development of oesophageal adenocarcinoma in Barrett's oesophagus: a UK primary care retrospective nested case-control study. United European Gastroenterol J 2014; 2: 91-98 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24918013/
• 51 Nguyen T, Thrift AP, Yu X. et al. The Annual Risk of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Does Not Decrease Over Time in Patients With Barrett's Esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol 2017; 112: 1049-1055 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28244499/
• 52 Masclee GM, Coloma PM, de Wilde M. et al. The incidence of Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma in the United Kingdom and The Netherlands is levelling off. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2014; 39: 1321-1330 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24738722/
• 53 Kestens C, Offerhaus GJ, van Baal JW. et al. Patients With Barrett's Esophagus and Persistent Low-grade Dysplasia Have an Increased Risk for High-grade Dysplasia and Cancer. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016; 14: 956-962 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26748222/
• 54 Steinberg J, Schwertner C, de Villiers EM. et al. Koinzidenz von Plattenepithelkarzinomen der Speiseröhre und Kopf-Hals-Karzinomen: Risiko und Früherkennung. TumorDiagn u Ther 2008; 29: 35-39 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17701861/
• 55 Moschler O, Spahn TW, Middelberg-Bisping C. et al. Chromoendoscopy is a valuable tool for screening of high-risk patients with head and neck cancer for early detection of esophageal cancer. Digestion 2006; 73: 160-166 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16837800/
• 56 Ljung R, Martin L, Lagergren J. Oral disease and risk of oesophageal and gastric cancer in a nationwide nested case-control study in Sweden. Eur J Cancer 2011; 47: 2128-2132 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21489778/
• 57 Allum WH, Blazeby JM, Griffin SM. et al. Guidelines for the management of oesophageal and gastric cancer. Gut 2011; 60: 1449-1472 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21705456/
• 58 Rothwell PM, Fowkes FG, Belch JF. et al. Effect of daily aspirin on long-term risk of death due to cancer: analysis of individual patient data from randomised trials. Lancet 2011; 377: 31-41 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21144578/
• 59 Algra AM, Rothwell PM. Effects of regular aspirin on long-term cancer incidence and metastasis: a systematic comparison of evidence from observational studies versus randomised trials. Lancet Oncol 2012; 13: 518-527 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22440112/
• 60 Leitlinienprogramm Onkologie der AWMF DKeVuDK. S3-Leitlinie Diagnostik und Therapie der Adenokarzinome des Magens und ösophagogastralen Übergangs. Langversion 2.0, AWMF-Registernummer: 032/009OL. 2019 https://www.leitlinienprogramm-onkologie.de/leitlinien/magenkarzinom/
• 61 Cook NR, Lee IM, Zhang SM. et al. Alternate-day, low-dose aspirin and cancer risk: long-term observational follow-up of a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2013; 159: 77-85 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23856681/
• 62 Cardwell CR, Abnet CC, Veal P. et al. Exposure to oral bisphosphonates and risk of cancer. Int J Cancer 2012; 131: E717-E725 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22161552/
• 63 Green J, Czanner G, Reeves G. et al. Oral bisphosphonates and risk of cancer of oesophagus, stomach, and colorectum: case-control analysis within a UK primary care cohort. BMJ 2010; 341: c4444 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20813820/
• 64 Oh YH, Yoon C, Park SM. Bisphosphonate use and gastrointestinal tract cancer risk: meta-analysis of observational studies. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18: 5779-5788 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3484348/
• 65 Haber SL, McNatty D. An evaluation of the use of oral bisphosphonates and risk of esophageal cancer. Ann.Pharmacother 2012; 46: 419-423 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22333262/
• 66 Andrici J, Tio M, Eslick GD. Meta-analysis: oral bisphosphonates and the risk of oesophageal cancer. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2012; 36: 708-716 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22966908/
• 67 Busby J, Murchie P, Murray L. et al. The effect of medications which cause inflammation of the gastro-oesophageal tract on cancer risk: a nested case-control study of routine Scottish data. Int J Cancer 2017; 140: 1828-1835 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28120338/
• 68 Bjelakovic G, Nikolova D, Simonetti RG. et al. Antioxidant supplements for preventing gastrointestinal cancers. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev 2008; CD004183 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18677777/
• 69 Vigen C, Bernstein L, Wu AH. Occupational physical activity and risk of adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and stomach. Int J Cancer 2006; 118: 1004-1009 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16152595/
• 70 Stehle P. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung 12 Ernährungsbericht 2012. European Journal of Nutrition an Food Safety 2012; 4: 2347-2564
• 71 Liu J, Wang J, Leng Y. et al. Intake of fruit and vegetables and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Cancer 2013; 133: 473-485 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23319052/
• 72 Choi Y, Song S, Song Y. et al. Consumption of red and processed meat and esophageal cancer risk: meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19: 1020-1029 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23467465/
• 73 Keszei AP, Schouten LJ, Goldbohm RA. et al. Red and processed meat consumption and the risk of esophageal and gastric cancer subtypes in The Netherlands Cohort Study. Ann Oncol 2012; 23: 2319-2326 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22351741/
• 74 Huang W, Han Y, Xu J. et al. Red and processed meat intake and risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Cancer Causes Control 2013; 24: 193-201 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23179661/
• 75 Jakszyn P, Lujan-Barroso L, Agudo A. et al. Meat and heme iron intake and esophageal adenocarcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Int J Cancer 2013; 133: 2744-2750 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23728954/
• 76 Salehi M, Moradi-Lakeh M, Salehi MH. et al. Meat, fish, and esophageal cancer risk: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2013; 71: 257-267 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23590703/
• 77 Palmer JB, Drennan JC, Baba M. Evaluation and treatment of swallowing impairments. Am Fam Physician 2000; 61: 2453-2462 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10794585/
• 78 Behrens A, Labenz J, Schuler A. et al. How safe is sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy? A multicentre analysis of 388,404 endoscopies and analysis of data from prospective registries of complications managed by members of the Working Group of Leading Hospital Gastroenterologists (ALGK). Z Gastroenterol 2013; 51: 432-436 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23681895/
• 79 Curvers WL, Alvarez HerreroL, Wallace MB. et al. Endoscopic tri-modal imaging is more effective than standard endoscopy in identifying early-stage neoplasia in Barrett's esophagus. Gastroenterology 2010; 139: 1106-1114 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20600033/
• 80 Hori K, Okada H, Kawahara Y. et al. Lugol-voiding lesions are an important risk factor for a second primary squamous cell carcinoma in patients with esosphageal cancer or head and neck cancer. Am J Gastroenterol 2011; 106: 858-866 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21468010/
• 81 Qumseya BJ, Wang H, Badie N. et al. Advanced imaging technologies increase detection of dysplasia and neoplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 11: 1562-1570.e1-2 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23851020/
• 82 Chung CS, Lo WC, Lee YC. et al. Image-enhanced endoscopy for detection of second primary neoplasm in patients with esophageal and head and neck cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Head Neck 2016; 38 (Suppl. 01) E2343-E2349 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26595056/
• 83 Curvers WL, ten Kate FJ, Krishnadath KK. et al. Low-grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus: overdiagnosed and underestimated. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105: 1523-1530 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20461069/
• 84 Uedo N, Fujishiro M, Goda K. et al. Role of narrow band imaging for diagnosis of early-stage esophagogastric cancer: current consensus of experienced endoscopists in Asia-Pacific region. Dig Endosc 2011; 23 (Suppl. 01) 58-71 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21535204/
• 85 Sharma P, Hawes RH, Bansal A. et al. Standard endoscopy with random biopsies versus narrow band imaging targeted biopsies in Barrett's oesophagus: a prospective, international, randomised controlled trial. Gut 2013; 62: 15-21 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22315471/
• 86 Canto MI, Anandasabapathy S, Brugge W. et al. In vivo endomicroscopy improves detection of Barrett's esophagus-related neoplasia: a multicenter international randomized controlled trial (with video). Gastrointest Endosc 2014; 79: 211-221 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24219822/
• 87 Fugazza A, Gaiani F, Carra MC. et al. Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy in Gastrointestinal and Pancreatobiliary Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biomed Res Int 2016; 2016: 4638683 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26989684/
• 88 Gupta A, Attar BM, Koduru P. et al. Utility of confocal laser endomicroscopy in identifying high-grade dysplasia and adenocarcinoma in Barrett's esophagus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 26: 369-377 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24535597/
• 89 Coletta M, Sami SS, Nachiappan A. et al. Acetic acid chromoendoscopy for the diagnosis of early neoplasia and specialized intestinal metaplasia in Barrett's esophagus: a meta-analysis. Gastrointest Endosc 2016; 83: 57-67.e1 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26371851/
• 90 Qumseya BJ, Wang H, Badie N. et al. Advanced imaging technologies increase detection of dysplasia and neoplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 11: 1562-70.e1-2 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23851020/
• 91 Lim H, Kim doH, Jung HY. et al. Clinical significance of early detection of esophageal cancer in patients with head and neck cancer. Gut Liver 2015; 9: 159-165 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25167869/
• 92 Katada C, Muto M, Nakayama M. et al. Risk of superficial squamous cell carcinoma developing in the head and neck region in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Laryngoscope 2012; 122: 1291-1296 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22674532/
• 93 Chow TL, Lee DT, Choi CY. et al. Prediction of simultaneous esophageal lesions in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a multivariate analysis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2009; 135: 882-885 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19770420/
• 94 Muto M, Hironaka S, Nakane M. et al. Association of multiple Lugol-voiding lesions with synchronous and metachronous esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in patients with head and neck cancer. Gastrointest Endosc 2002; 56: 517-521 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12297767/
• 95 Gruner M, Denis A, Masliah C. et al. Narrow-band imaging versus Lugol chromoendoscopy for esophageal squamous cell cancer screening in normal endoscopic practice: randomized controlled trial. Endoscopy 2021; 53 (07) 674-682 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32698233/
• 96 Thosani N, Abu DayyehB, Sharma P. et al. ASGE Technology Committee systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the ASGE Preservation and Incorporation of Valuable Endoscopic Innovations thresholds for adopting real-time imaging-assisted endoscopic targeted biopsy during endoscopic surveillance of Barrett's esophagus. Gastrointest Endosc 2016; 83 (04) 684-698.e7 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26874597/
• 97 Ebigbo A, Mendel R, Probst A. et al. Computer-aided diagnosis using deep learning in the evaluation of early oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Gut 2019; 68 (07) 1143-1145 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30510110/
• 98 Hashimoto R, Requa J, Dao T. et al. Artificial intelligence using convolutional neural networks for real-time detection of early esophageal neoplasia in Barrett's esophagus (with video). Gastrointest Endosc 2020; 91 (06) 1264-1271 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31930967/
• 99 de Groof A, Struyvenberg M, van der Putten J. et al. Deep-Learning System Detects Neoplasia in Patients With Barrett's Esophagus With Higher Accuracy Than Endoscopists in a Multistep Training and Validation Study With Benchmarking. Gastroenterology 2020; 158 (04) 915-929 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31759929/
• 100 Puli SR, Reddy JB, Bechtold ML. et al. Staging accuracy of esophageal cancer by endoscopic ultrasound: a meta-analysis and systematic review. World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14: 1479-1490 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18330935/
• 101 Thosani N, Singh H, Kapadia A. et al. Diagnostic accuracy of EUS in differentiating mucosal versus submucosal invasion of superficial esophageal cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastrointest.Endosc 2012; 75: 242-253 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22115605/
• 102 Tranchemontagne J. Stadification initiale du cancer de l'oesophage: revue systematique sur la performance des methodes diagnostiques Initial staging of oesophageal cancer: systematic review of the performance of diagnostic methods. Agence d'evaluation des technologies et des modes d'intervention en sante (AETMIS). ETMIS 5(6). Montreal 2009
• 103 van Vliet EP, Heijenbrok-Kal MH, Hunink MG. et al. Staging investigations for oesophageal cancer: a meta-analysis. Br.J Cancer 2008; 98: 547-557 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18212745/
• 104 Russell I, Edwards R, Gliddon A. et al. Cancer of oesophagus or gastricus: New assessment of technology of endosonography (COGNATE): Report of pragmatic randomised trial. Health technology assessment 2013; 17: 1-13 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24034150/
• 105 Luo LN, He LJ, Gao XY. et al. Endoscopic Ultrasound for Preoperative Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: a Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11: e0158373 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27387830/
• 106 Takizawa K, Matsuda T, Kozu T. et al. Lymph node staging in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a comparative study of endoscopic ultrasonography versus computed tomography. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009; 24: 1687-91 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19788609/
• 107 Stiles BM, Mirza F, Coppolino A. et al. Clinical T2-T3N0M0 esophageal cancer: the risk of node positive disease. Ann Thorac Surg 2011; 92: 491-496 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21704291/
• 108 Qumseya BJ, Bartel MJ, Gendy S. et al. High rate of over-staging of Barrett's neoplasia with endoscopic ultrasound: Systemic review and meta-analysis. Dig Liver Dis 2018; 50: 438-445 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29573963
• 109 de Gouw D, Klarenbeek BR, Driessen M. et al. Detecting Pathological Complete Response in Esophageal Cancer after Neoadjuvant Therapy Based on Imaging Techniques: A Diagnostic Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 14: 1156-1171 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30999111
• 110 Eyck BM, Onstenk BD, Noordman BJ. et al. Accuracy of Detecting Residual Disease After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Esophageal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ann Surg 2020; 271: 245-256 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31188203
• 111 Noordman BJ, Spaander MCW, Valkema R. et al. Detection of residual disease after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for oesophageal cancer (preSANO): a prospective multicentre, diagnostic cohort study. Lancet Oncol 2018; 19: 965-974 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29861116
• 112 Oldenburg A, Albrecht T. Sonografische Leberdiagnostik bei Tumorpatienten ohne und mit Kontrastmittel. Ultraschall in Med 2008; 29: 488-498 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19241505/
• 113 Kinkel K, Lu Y, Both M. et al. Detection of hepatic metastases from cancers of the gastrointestinal tract by using noninvasive imaging methods (US, CT, MR imaging, PET): a meta-analysis. Radiology 2002; 224: 748-756 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12202709/
• 114 Piscaglia F, Corradi F, Mancini M. et al. Real time contrast enhanced ultrasonography in detection of liver metastases from gastrointestinal cancer. BMC Cancer 2007; 7: 171 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17767722/
• 115 Dietrich CF, Kratzer W, Strobe D. et al. Assessment of metastatic liver disease in patients with primary extrahepatic tumors by contrast-enhanced sonography versus CT and MRI. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12: 1699-1705 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16586537/
• 116 Albrecht T, Blomley MJ, Burns PN. et al. Improved detection of hepatic metastases with pulse-inversion US during the liver-specific phase of SHU 508A: multicenter study. Radiology 2003; 227: 361-370 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12649417/
• 117 Hanle MM, Thiel R, Saur G. et al. Screening for liver metastases in women with mammary carcinoma: comparison of contrast-enhanced ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Clin Imaging 2011; 35: 366-370 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21872126/
• 118 Seitz K, Strobel D, Bernatik T. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) for the characterization of focal liver lesions – prospective comparison in clinical practice: CEUS vs CT (DEGUM multicenter trial) Parts of this manuscript were presented at the Ultrasound Dreilandertreffen 2008, Davos. Ultraschall in Med 2009; 30: 383-389 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19688670/
• 119 Seitz K, Bernatik T, Strobel D. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for the characterization of focal liver lesions in clinical practice (DEGUM Multicenter Trial): CEUS vs MRI--a prospective comparison in 269 patients. Ultraschall in Med 2010; 31: 492-499 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20652854/
• 120 Strobel D, Seitz K, Blank W. et al. Tumor-specific vascularization pattern of liver metastasis, hepatocellular carcinoma, hemangioma and focal nodular hyperplasia in the differential diagnosis of 1,349 liver lesions in contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Ultraschall in Med 2009; 30: 376-382 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19688669/
• 121 Westwood M, Joore M, Grutters J. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound using SonoVue(R) (sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles) compared with contrast-enhanced computed tomography and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for the characterisation of focal liver lesions and detection of liver metastases: a systematic review and cost-effectiveness analysis. Health Technol Assess 2013; 17: 1-243 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23611316/
• 122 Doldi SB, Lattuada E, Zappa MA. et al. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the cervical lymph nodes in preoperative staging of esophageal neoplasms. Abdom Imaging 1998; 23: 275-277 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9569295/
• 123 Lerut TSS, Vlayen JBT. Clinical Practice Guidelines Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer – update. 2012 https://kce.fgov.be/publication/report/update-of-the-national-guideline-on-upper-gastrointestinal-cancer
• 124 Schreurs LM, Verhoef CC, van der Jagt EJ. et al. Current relevance of cervical ultrasonography in staging cancer of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction. Eur J Radiol 2008; 67: 105-111 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17681735/
• 125 Van Overhagen H, Lameris JS, Berger MY. et al. Improved assessment of supraclavicular and abdominal metastases in oesophageal and gastro-oesophageal junction carcinoma with the combination of ultrasound and computed tomography. Br J Radiol 1993; 66: 203-208 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8472112/
• 126 van Vliet EP, Steyerberg EW, Eijkemans MJ. et al. Detection of distant metastases in patients with oesophageal or gastric cardia cancer: a diagnostic decision analysis. Br J Cancer 2007; 97: 868-876 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17848957/
• 127 Omloo JM, van Heijl M, Smits NJ. et al. Additional value of external ultrasonography of the neck after CT and PET scanning in the preoperative assessment of patients with esophageal cancer. Dig Surg 2009; 26: 43-49 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19155627/
• 128 van Overhagen H, Lameris JS, Berger MY. et al. Assessment of distant metastases with ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy and cytologic study in carcinoma of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction. Gastrointest Radiol 1992; 17: 305-310 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1426845/
• 129 van Overhagen H, Lameris JS, Berger MY. et al. Supraclavicular lymph node metastases in carcinoma of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction: assessment with CT, US, and US-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Radiology 1991; 179: 155-158 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2006268/
• 130 Mori S, Kasai M, Watanabe T. et al. Preoperative assessment of resectability for carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus Part I Esophagogram and azygogram. Ann Surg 1979; 190: 100-105 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/464671/
• 131 Kumbasar B. Carcinoma of esophagus: radiologic diagnosis and staging. Eur J Radiol 2002; 42: 170-180 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12044696/
• 132 Fiore D, Baggio V, Ruol A. et al. Multimodal imaging of esophagus and cardia cancer before and after treatment. Radiol Med 2006; 111: 804-817 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16896560/
• 133 Moreto M. Diagnosis of esophagogastric tumors. Endoscopy 2005; 37: 26-32 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15657854/
• 134 Kim TJ, Kim HY, Lee KW. et al. Multimodality assessment of esophageal cancer: preoperative staging and monitoring of response to therapy. Radiographics 2009; 29: 403-421 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19325056/
• 135 Pech O, May A, Gunter E. et al. The Impact of Endoscopic Ultrasound and Computed Tomography on the TNM Staging of Early Cancer in Barrett's Esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol 2006; 101: 2223-2229 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17032186/
• 136 Quint LE. Thoracic complications and emergencies in oncologic patients. Cancer Imaging 2009; 9: S75-S82 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19965299/
• 137 Ba-Ssalamah A, Matzek W, Baroud S. et al. Accuracy of hydro-multidetector row CT in the local T staging of oesophageal cancer compared to postoperative histopathological results. Eur Radiol 2011; 21: 2326-2335 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21710266/
• 138 Choi J, Kim SG, Kim JS. et al. Comparison of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), positron emission tomography (PET), and computed tomography (CT) in the preoperative locoregional staging of resectable esophageal cancer. Surg Endosc 2010; 24: 1380-1386 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20033712/
• 139 Gollub MJ, Lefkowitz R, Moskowitz CS. et al. Pelvic CT in patients with esophageal cancer. Am J Roentgenol 2005; 184: 487-490 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15671368/
• 140 Kamel IR, Fishman EK. Recent advances in CT imaging of liver metastases. Cancer J 2004; 10: 104-120 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15130270/
• 141 Lowe VJ, Booya F, Fletcher JG. et al. Comparison of positron emission tomography, computed tomography, and endoscopic ultrasound in the initial staging of patients with esophageal cancer. Mol Imaging Biol 2005; 7: 422-430 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16270235/
• 142 Makarawo TP, Negussie E, Malde S. et al. Water as a contrast medium: a re-evaluation using the multidetector-row computed tomography. Am Surg 2013; 79: 728-733 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23816008/
• 143 Network SIG. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network Management of oesophageal and gastric cancer A national clinical guideline. 2006 http://www.sign.ac.uk/pdf/sign87.pdf
• 144 Heger U, Blank S, Wiecha C. et al. Is preoperative chemotherapy followed by surgery the appropriate treatment for signet ring cell containing adenocarcinomas of the esophagogastric junction and stomach?. Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 21: 1739-1748 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24419755/
• 145 Blank S, Lordick F, Dobritz M. et al. A reliable risk score for stage IV esophagogastric cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2013; 39: 823-830 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23375470/
• 146 Blank S, Stange A, Sisic L. et al. Preoperative therapy of esophagogastric cancer: the problem of nonresponding patients. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2013; 398: 211-220 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23224565/
• 147 Blank S, Blaker H, Schaible A. et al. Impact of pretherapeutic routine clinical staging for the individualization of treatment in gastric cancer patients. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2012; 397: 45-55 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21598045/
• 148 Sohn KM, Lee JM, Lee SY. et al. Comparing MR imaging and CT in the staging of gastric carcinoma. Am J Roentgenol 2000; 174: 1551-1557 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10845479/
• 149 Anzidei M, Napoli A, Zaccagna F. et al. Diagnostic performance of 64-MDCT and 15-T MRI with high-resolution sequences in the T staging of gastric cancer: a comparative analysis with histopathology. Radiol Med 2009; 114: 1065-1079 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19774440/
• 150 Lauenstein TC, Goehde SC, Herborn CU. et al. Whole-body MR imaging: evaluation of patients for metastases. Radiology 2004; 233: 139-148 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15317952/
• 151 Wong R, Malthaner R. Esophageal cancer: a systematic review. Curr Probl Cancer 2000; 24: 297-373 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11198836/
• 152 Weber MA, Bender K, von Gall CC. et al. Assessment of diffusion-weighted MRI and 18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose PET/CT in monitoring early response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 2013; 22: 45-52 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23539390/
• 153 Quint LE, Bogot NR. Staging esophageal cancer. Cancer Imaging 2008; 8: S33-S42 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18852079/
• 154 1591-223X D2I. Servizio Santario Regionale ER Dossier 209-2011 ISSN 1591-223X. 2011
• 155 Barber TW, Duong CP, Leong T. et al. 18F-FDG PET/CT has a high impact on patient management and provides powerful prognostic stratification in the primary staging of esophageal cancer: a prospective study with mature survival data. J Nucl Med 2012; 53: 864-871 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22582047/
• 156 Cervino AR, Evangelista L, Alfieri R. et al. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography and esophageal cancer in the clinical practice: How does it affect the prognosis?. J Cancer Res Ther 2012; 8: 619-625 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23361284/
• 157 Choi JY, Lee KH, Shim YM. et al. Improved detection of individual nodal involvement in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus by FDG PET. J Nucl Med 2000; 41: 808-815 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10809196/
• 158 Downey RJ, Akhurst T, Ilson D. et al. Whole body 18FDG-PET and the response of esophageal cancer to induction therapy: results of a prospective trial. J Clin Oncol 2003; 21: 428-432 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12560430/
• 159 Flamen P, Lerut A, Van Cutsem E. et al. Utility of positron emission tomography for the staging of patients with potentially operable esophageal carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2000; 18: 3202-3210 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10986052/
• 160 Heeren PA, Jager PL, Bongaerts F. et al. Detection of distant metastases in esophageal cancer with (18)F-FDG PET. J Nucl Med 2004; 45: 980-987 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15181133/
• 161 Hsu WH, Hsu PK, Wang SJ. et al. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography in predicting locoregional invasion in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Ann Thorac Surg 2009; 87: 1564-1568 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19379906/
• 162 Kato H, Nakajima M. The efficacy of FDG-PET for the management of esophageal cancer: review article. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012; 18: 412-419 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22785452/
• 163 Noble F, Bailey D, Tung K. et al. Impact of integrated PET/CT in the staging of oesophageal cancer: a UK population-based cohort study. Clin Radiol 2009; 64: 699-705 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19520214/
• 164 Varghese TK, Hofstetter WL, Rizk NP. et al. The society of thoracic surgeons guidelines on the diagnosis and staging of patients with esophageal cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 2013; 96: 346-356 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23752201/
• 165 Medical Services Advisory Committee 2. Positron emission tomography for oesophageal and gastric cancer: assessment report/prepared by the Medical Services Advisory Committee with the assistance of Silke Walleser et al Australia. 2008
• 166 Findlay JM, Bradley KM, Maile EJ. et al. Pragmatic staging of oesophageal cancer using decision theory involving selective endoscopic ultrasonography, PET and laparoscopy. Br J Surg 2015; 102: 1488-1499 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26458070/
• 167 Hu J, Zhu D, Yang Y. Diagnostic value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/computed tomography for preoperative lymph node metastasis of esophageal cancer: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97: e13722 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30558091
• 168 Jiang C, Chen Y, Zhu Y. et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT for detection of regional lymph node metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10: 6066-6076 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30622778
• 169 IQWIG. Abschlussbericht Nr172 zur „Positronen-Emissionstomographie (PET) und (PET/CT) bei Ösophaguskarzinom“. 2013
• 170 CMS final decision on PET in solid tumors. J Nucl Med 2013; 54: 11n
• 171 Baisi A, Bonavina L, Peracchia A. Bronchoscopic staging of squamous cell carcinoma of the upper thoracic esophagus. Arch Surg 1999; 134: 140-143 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10025451/
• 172 Omloo JM, van Heijl M, Bergman JJ. et al. Value of bronchoscopy after EUS in the preoperative assessment of patients with esophageal cancer at or above the carina. J Gastrointest Surg 2008; 12: 1874-1879 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18528732/
• 173 Riedel M, Hauck RW, Stein HJ. et al. Preoperative bronchoscopic assessment of airway invasion by esophageal cancer: a prospective study. Chest 1998; 113: 687-695 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9515844/
• 174 Wakamatsu T, Tsushima K, Yasuo M. et al. Usefulness of preoperative endobronchial ultrasound for airway invasion around the trachea: esophageal cancer and thyroid cancer. Respiration 2006; 73: 651-657 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16675895/
• 175 Osugi H, Nishimura Y, Takemura M. et al. Bronchoscopic ultrasonography for staging supracarinal esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: impact on outcome. World J Surg 2003; 27: 590-594 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12715229/
• 176 Imadahl A, Kirchner R, Swoboda L. et al. Is bronchoscopy a useful additional preoperative examination in esophageal carcinoma?. Langenbecks Arch Chir 1990; 375: 326-329 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2280646/
• 177 Nieveen van Dijkum EJ, de Wit LT, van Delden OM. et al. The efficacy of laparoscopic staging in patients with upper gastrointestinal tumors. Cancer 1997; 79: 1315-1319 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9083152/
• 178 de Graaf GW, Ayantunde AA, Parsons SL. et al. The role of staging laparoscopy in oesophagogastric cancers. Eur J Surg Oncol 2007; 33: 988-992 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17344017/
• 179 Nath J, Moorthy K, Taniere P. et al. Peritoneal lavage cytology in patients with oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma. Br J Surg 2008; 95: 721-726 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18412292/
• 180 Krasna MJ, Reed CE, Jaklitsch MT. et al. Thoracoscopic staging of esophageal cancer: a prospective, multiinstitutional trial Cancer and Leukemia Group B Thoracic Surgeons. Ann Thorac Surg 1995; 60: 1337-1340 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8526623/
• 181 Krasna MJ, Reed CE, Nedzwiecki D. et al. CALGB 9380: a prospective trial of the feasibility of thoracoscopy/laparoscopy in staging esophageal cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 2001; 71: 1073-1079 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11308139/
• 182 Luketich JD, Friedman DM, Weigel TL. et al. Evaluation of distant metastases in esophageal cancer: 100 consecutive positron emission tomography scans. Ann Thorac Surg 1999; 68: 1133-1136 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10543468/
• 183 Wang G, Abnet CC, Shen Q. et al. Histological precursors of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: results from a 13 year prospective follow up study in a high risk population. Gut 2005; 54: 187-192 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15647178/
• 184 Kuwano H. Peculiar histopathologic features of esophageal cancer. Surg Today 1998; 28: 573-575 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9681603/
• 185 Bosman F, Carneiro F, Hruban R. et al. WHO Classification of Tumors of the Digestive System. 4th ed.. Lyon: IARC; 2010
• 186 Schnell TG, Sontag SJ, Chejfec G. et al. Long-term nonsurgical management of Barrett's esophagus with high-grade dysplasia. Gastroenterology 2001; 120: 1607-1619 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11375943/
• 187 Reid BJ, Haggitt RC, Rubin CE. et al. Observer variation in the diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus. Hum Pathol 1988; 19: 166-178 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3343032/
• 188 Skacel M, Petras RE, Gramlich TL. et al. The diagnosis of low-grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus and its implications for disease progression. Am J Gastroenterol 2000; 95: 3383-3387 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11151865/
• 189 Montgomery E, Bronner MP, Goldblum JR. et al. Reproducibility of the diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett esophagus: a reaffirmation. Hum Pathol 2001; 32: 368-378 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11331953/
• 190 Ormsby AH, Petras RE, Henricks WH. et al. Observer variation in the diagnosis of superficial oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Gut 2002; 51: 671-676 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12377805/
• 191 Kerkhof M, van Dekken H, Steyerberg EW. et al. Grading of dysplasia in Barrett's oesophagus: substantial interobserver variation between general and gastrointestinal pathologists. Histopathology 2007; 50: 920-927 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17543082/
• 192 Wani S, Mathur SC, Curvers WL. et al. Greater interobserver agreement by endoscopic mucosal resection than biopsy samples in Barrett's dysplasia. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010; 8: 783-788 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20472096/
• 193 Weusten B, Bisschops R, Coron E. et al. Endoscopic management of Barrett's esophagus: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Position Statement. Endoscopy 2017; 49: 191-198 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28122386/
• 194 Shaheen NJ, Falk GW, Iyer PG. et al. ACG Clinical Guideline: Diagnosis and Management of Barrett's Esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol 2016; 111: 30-50 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26526079/
• 195 Bennett C, Vakil N, Bergman J. et al. Consensus statements for management of Barrett's dysplasia and early-stage esophageal adenocarcinoma, based on a Delphi process. Gastroenterology 2012; 143: 336-346 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22537613/
• 196 Brown IS, Whiteman DC, Lauwers GY. Foveolar type dysplasia in Barrett esophagus. Mod Pathol 2010; 23: 834-843 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20228780/
• 197 Odze RD. What the gastroenterologist needs to know about the histology of Barrett's esophagus. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2011; 27: 389-396 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21543978/
• 198 Rucker-Schmidt RL, Sanchez CA, Blount PL. et al. Nonadenomatous dysplasia in barrett esophagus: a clinical, pathologic, and DNA content flow cytometric study. Am J Surg Pathol 2009; 33: 886-893 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19194279/
• 199 Mahajan D, Bennett AE, Liu X. et al. Grading of gastric foveolar-type dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus. Mod Pathol 2010; 23: 1-11 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19838164/
• 200 Demicco EG, Farris AB, Baba Y. et al. The dichotomy in carcinogenesis of the distal esophagus and esophagogastric junction: intestinal-type vs cardiac-type mucosa-associated adenocarcinoma. Mod Pathol 2011; 24: 1177-1190 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21572404/
• 201 Chandrasoma P, Makarewicz K, Wickramasinghe K. et al. A proposal for a new validated histological definition of the gastroesophageal junction. Hum Pathol 2006; 37: 40-47 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16360414/
• 202 Sharma P, Falk GW, Weston AP. et al. Dysplasia and cancer in a large multicenter cohort of patients with Barrett's esophagus. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006; 4: 566-572 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16630761/
• 203 Gatenby PA, Ramus JR, Caygill CP. et al. Treatment modality and risk of development of dysplasia and adenocarcinoma in columnar-lined esophagus. Dis Esophagus 2009; 22: 133-142 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19018855/
• 204 Weston AP, Banerjee SK, Sharma P. et al. p53 protein overexpression in low grade dysplasia (LGD) in Barrett's esophagus: immunohistochemical marker predictive of progression. Am J Gastroenterol 2001; 96: 1355-1362 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11374668/
• 205 Reid BJ, Levine DS, Longton G. et al. Predictors of progression to cancer in Barrett's esophagus: baseline histology and flow cytometry identify low- and high-risk patient subsets. Am J Gastroenterol 2000; 95: 1669-1676 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10925966/
• 206 Buttar NS, Wang KK, Leontovich O. et al. Chemoprevention of esophageal adenocarcinoma by COX-2 inhibitors in an animal model of Barrett's esophagus. Gastroenterology 2002; 122: 1101-1112 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11910360/
• 207 Montgomery E, Bronner MP, Greenson JK. et al. Are ulcers a marker for invasive carcinoma in Barrett's esophagus? Data from a diagnostic variability study with clinical follow-up. Am J Gastroenterol 2002; 97: 27-31 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11808966/
• 208 Harrison R, Perry I, Haddadin W. et al. Detection of intestinal metaplasia in Barrett's esophagus: an observational comparator study suggests the need for a minimum of eight biopsies. Am J Gastroenterol 2007; 102: 1154-1161 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17433019/
• 209 Wittekind C. TNM Klassifikation maligner Tumoren, 8 Auflage. 2020
• 210 Fritz A, Percy C, Jack A. et al. International Classification of Diseases for oncology (ICD-O). 3rd ed.. Geneva: WHO. WHO; 2000. https://www.who.int/standards/classifications/other-classifications/international-classification-of-diseases-for-oncology
• 211 Wittekind C, Asamura H, LH S. TNM Atlas Illustrated guide to the TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours. 6th ed.. Oxford: Wiley Blackwell; 2014
• 212 Kodama M, Kakegawa T. Treatment of superficial cancer of the esophagus: a summary of responses to a questionnaire on superficial cancer of the esophagus in Japan. Surgery 1998; 123: 432-439 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9551070/
• 213 Bollschweiler E, Baldus SE, Schroder W. et al. Staging of esophageal carcinoma: length of tumor and number of involved regional lymph nodes Are these independent prognostic factors?. J Surg Oncol 2006; 94: 355-363 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16967455/
• 214 Rice TW, Zuccaro G, Adelstein DJ. et al. Esophageal carcinoma: depth of tumor invasion is predictive of regional lymph node status. Ann Thorac Surg 1998; 65: 787-792 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9527214/
• 215 Davies AR, Gossage JA, Zylstra J. et al. Tumor stage after neoadjuvant chemotherapy determines survival after surgery for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction. J Clin Oncol 2014; 32: 2983-2990 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25071104/
• 216 © TAHMDC. The American Heritage® Medical Dictionary Copyright ©. Houghton Mifflin Company. 2007
• 217 Siewert JR, Stein HJ. Classification of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagogastric junction. Br J Surg 1998; 85: 1457-1459 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9823902/
• 218 Kato H, Tachimori Y, Watanabe H. et al. Evaluation of the new (1987) TNM classification for thoracic esophageal tumors. Int J Cancer 1993; 53: 220-223 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8425758/
• 219 Enzinger PC, Mayer RJ. Esophageal cancer. N Engl J Med 2003; 349: 2241-2252 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14657432/
• 220 HJ S, von RB. Esophageal cancer. In: Gospodarowicz MK, O’Sullivan B, Sobin LH. (eds) Prognostic Factors in Cancer. 3rd ed.. New York.: Wiley-Liss; 2006: 125-128 https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Prognostic+Factors+in+Cancer%2C+3rd+Edition-p-9780470038017
• 221 Roder JD, Busch R, Stein HJ. et al. Ratio of invaded to removed lymph nodes as a predictor of survival in squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus. Br J Surg 1994; 81: 410-413 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8173915/
• 222 Hermanek P. Tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and the pancreas: histopathology, staging and prognosis. Anticancer Res 1999; 19: 2393-2396 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10470164/
• 223 Dexter SP, Sue-Ling H, McMahon MJ. et al. Circumferential resection margin involvement: an independent predictor of survival following surgery for oesophageal cancer. Gut 2001; 48: 667-670 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11302966/
• 224 Khan OA, Fitzgerald JJ, Soomro I. et al. Prognostic significance of circumferential resection margin involvement following oesophagectomy for cancer. Br J Cancer 2003; 88: 1549-1552 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12771920/
• 225 Brucher BL, Stein HJ, Bartels H. et al. Achalasia and esophageal cancer: incidence, prevalence, and prognosis. World J Surg 2001; 25: 745-749 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11376410/
• 226 Sarbia M, Porschen R, Borchard F. et al. p53 protein expression and prognosis in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Cancer 1994; 74: 2218-2223 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7922972/
• 227 Mandard AM, Dalibard F, Mandard JC. et al. Pathologic assessment of tumor regression after preoperative chemoradiotherapy of esophageal carcinoma Clinicopathologic correlations. Cancer 1994; 73: 2680-2686 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8194005/
• 228 Becker K, Mueller JD, Schulmacher C. et al. Histomorphology and grading of regression in gastric carcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer 2003; 98: 1521-1530 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14508841/
• 229 Langer R, Ott K, Feith M. et al. Prognostic significance of histopathological tumor regression after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in esophageal adenocarcinomas. Mod Pathol 2009; 22: 1555-1563 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19801967/
• 230 Becker K, Langer R, Reim D. et al. Significance of histopathological tumor regression after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in gastric adenocarcinomas: a summary of 480 cases. Ann Surg 2011; 253: 934-939 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21490451/
• 231 Langer R, Becker K, Zlobec I. et al. A multifactorial histopathologic score for the prediction of prognosis of resected esophageal adenocarcinomas after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 21: 915-921 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24281419/
• 232 Mirza A, Naveed A, Hayes S. et al. Assessment of Histopathological Response in Gastric and Gastro-Oesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Which Scoring System to Use?. ISRN Pathology 2012; 2012: 8 https://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn/2012/519351/
• 233 Karamitopoulou E, Thies S, Zlobec I. et al. Assessment of tumor regression of esophageal adenocarcinomas after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: comparison of 2 commonly used scoring approaches. Am J Surg Pathol 2014; 38: 1551-1556 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25140894/
• 234 Ryan R, Gibbons D, Hyland J. et al. Pathological response following long-course neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer. Histopathology 2005; 47 (02) 141-146 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16045774/
• 235 Amin M, Greene F, Edge S. et al. The Eighth Edition AJCC Cancer Staging Manual: Continuing to build a bridge from a population-based to a more "personalized" approach to cancer staging. CA Cancer J Clin 2017; 67 (02) 93-99 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28094848/
• 236 College of American Pathologists (CAP). Protocol for the Examination of Specimens From Patients With Carcinoma of the Esophagus. 2020 https://webapps.cap.org/apps/docs/committees/cancer/cancer_protocols/2012/Esophagus_12protocol_3111.pdf
• 237 Ancona E, Ruol A, Santi S. et al. Only pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy improves significantly the long term survival of patients with resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: final report of a randomized, controlled trial of preoperative chemotherapy versus surgery alone. Cancer 2001; 91: 2165-2174 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11391598/
• 238 Rohatgi P, Swisher SG, Correa AM. et al. Characterization of pathologic complete response after preoperative chemoradiotherapy in carcinoma of the esophagus and outcome after pathologic complete response. Cancer 2005; 104: 2365-2372 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16245310/
• 239 Schneider PM, Baldus SE, Metzger R. et al. Histomorphologic tumor regression and lymph node metastases determine prognosis following neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy for esophageal cancer: implications for response classification. Ann Surg 2005; 242: 684-692 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16244542/
• 240 Meredith KL, Weber JM, Turaga KK. et al. Pathologic response after neoadjuvant therapy is the major determinant of survival in patients with esophageal cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2010; 17: 1159-1167 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20140529/
• 241 Chirieac LR, Swisher SG, Ajani JA. et al. Posttherapy pathologic stage predicts survival in patients with esophageal carcinoma receiving preoperative chemoradiation. Cancer 2005; 103: 1347-1355 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15719440/
• 242 Bang YJ, Van Cutsem E, Feyereislova A. et al. Trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (ToGA): a phase 3, open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2010; 376: 687-697 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20728210/
• 243 Bang Y. Pathological features of advanced gastric cancer (GC): Relatationship to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positivity in the global screening programme of the ToGA trial. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27: 15
• 244 Satoh T, Bang YJ, Gotovkin EA. et al. Quality of life in the trastuzumab for gastric cancer trial. Oncologist 2014; 19: 712-719 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24951609/
• 245 Weimann A, Meyer HJ, Muller MJ. et al. Significance of preoperative weight loss for perioperative metabolic adaptation and surgical risk in patients with tumors of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Langenbecks Arch Chir 1992; 377: 45-52 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1569804/
• 246 Saito T, Kuwahara A, Shigemitsu Y. et al. Factors related to malnutrition in patients with esophageal cancer. Nutrition 1991; 7: 117-121 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1802192/
• 247 Falkner D, Plato R, Weimann A. Die Wertigkeit der Feinnadelkatheterjejunostomie in der postoperativen enteralen Ernährung nach Ösophagusresektion Deutsche Gesellschaft für Chirurgie 131 Kongress der Dt Gesellschaft für Chirurgie Berlin 25-28032014.
• 248 van Stijn MF, Korkic-Halilovic I, Bakker MS. et al. Preoperative nutrition status and postoperative outcome in elderly general surgery patients: a systematic review. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2013; 37: 37-43 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22549764/
• 249 Weimann A, Breitenstein S, Breuer JP. et al. Clinical nutrition in surgery Guidelines of the German Society for Nutritional Medicine. Chirurg 2014; 85: 320-326 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24718444/
• 250 Arends et al S3-Leitlinie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Ernährungsmedizin Klinische Ernährung in der nicht-chirurgischen Onkologie Aktuel Ernährungsmed in press. 2015
• 251 Pech O, Bollschweiler E, Manner H. et al. Comparison between endoscopic and surgical resection of mucosal esophageal adenocarcinoma in Barrett's esophagus at two high-volume centers. Ann Surg 2011; 254: 67-72 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21532466/
• 252 Prasad GA, Wu TT, Wigle DA. et al. Endoscopic and surgical treatment of mucosal (T1a) esophageal adenocarcinoma in Barrett's esophagus. Gastroenterology 2009; 137: 815-823 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19524578/
• 253 Ell C, May A, Gossner L. et al. Endoscopic mucosal resection of early cancer and high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus. Gastroenterology 2000; 118: 670-677 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10734018/
• 254 Ell C, May A, Pech O. et al. Curative endoscopic resection of early esophageal adenocarcinomas (Barrett's cancer). Gastrointest Endosc 2007; 65: 3-10 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17185072/
• 255 Pech O, Behrens A, May A. et al. Long-term results and risk factor analysis for recurrence after curative endoscopic therapy in 349 patients with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and mucosal adenocarcinoma in Barrett's oesophagus. Gut 2008; 57: 1200-1206 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18460553/
• 256 Pech O, May A, Manner H. et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of endoscopic resection for patients with mucosal adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Gastroenterology 2014; 146: 652-660.e1 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24269290/
• 257 Chennat J, Konda VJ, Ross AS. et al. Complete Barrett's eradication endoscopic mucosal resection: an effective treatment modality for high-grade dysplasia and intramucosal carcinoma--an American single-center experience. Am J Gastroenterol 2009; 104: 2684-2692 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19690526/
• 258 Moss A, Bourke MJ, Hourigan LF. et al. Endoscopic resection for Barrett's high-grade dysplasia and early esophageal adenocarcinoma: an essential staging procedure with long-term therapeutic benefit. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105: 1276-1283 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20179694/
• 259 Pouw RE, Seewald S, Gondrie JJ. et al. Stepwise radical endoscopic resection for eradication of Barrett's oesophagus with early neoplasia in a cohort of 169 patients. Gut 2010; 59: 1169-1177 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20525701/
• 260 Pouw RE, Wirths K, Eisendrath P. et al. Efficacy of radiofrequency ablation combined with endoscopic resection for barrett's esophagus with early neoplasia. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010; 8: 23-29 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19602454/
• 261 van Vilsteren FG, Pouw RE, Seewald S. et al. Stepwise radical endoscopic resection versus radiofrequency ablation for Barrett's oesophagus with high-grade dysplasia or early cancer: a multicentre randomised trial. Gut 2011; 60: 765-773 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21209124/
• 262 Manner H, May A, Pech O. et al. Early Barrett's carcinoma with "low-risk" submucosal invasion: long-term results of endoscopic resection with a curative intent. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103 (10) 2589-2597 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18785950/
• 263 Manner H, Pech O, Heldmann Y. et al. Efficacy, safety, and long-term results of endoscopic treatment for early stage adenocarcinoma of the esophagus with low-risk sm1 invasion. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 11: 630-635 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23357492/
• 264 Alvarez HerreroL, Pouw RE, van Vilsteren FG. et al. Risk of lymph node metastasis associated with deeper invasion by early adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and cardia: study based on endoscopic resection specimens. Endoscopy 2010; 42: 1030-1036 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20960392/
• 265 Fitzgerald RC, di Pietro M, Ragunath K. et al. British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines on the diagnosis and management of Barrett's oesophagus. Gut 2014; 63: 7-42 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24165758/
• 266 Guo HM, Zhang XQ, Chen M. et al. Endoscopic submucosal dissection vs endoscopic mucosal resection for superficial esophageal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 5540-5547 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24833885/
• 267 Neuhaus H, Terheggen G, Rutz EM. et al. Endoscopic submucosal dissection plus radiofrequency ablation of neoplastic Barrett's esophagus. Endoscopy 2012; 44: 1105-1113 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22968641/
• 268 Kagemoto K, Oka S, Tanaka S. et al. Clinical outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial Barrett's adenocarcinoma. Gastrointest Endosc 2014; 80: 239-245 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24565073/
• 269 Probst A, Maerkl B, Anthuber M. et al. Endoskopische Submukosadissektion (ESD) im Ösophagus. Z Gastroenterol 2013; 51: K233
• 270 Feith M, Stein HJ, Siewert JR. Pattern of lymphatic spread of Barrett's cancer. World J Surg 2003; 27: 1052-1057 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12917758/
• 271 Holscher AH, Bollschweiler E, Schroder W. et al. Prognostic impact of upper, middle, and lower third mucosal or submucosal infiltration in early esophageal cancer. Ann Surg 2011; 254: 802-807 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22042472/
• 272 Zemler B, May A, Ell C. et al. Early Barrett's carcinoma: the depth of infiltration of the tumour correlates with the degree of differentiation, the incidence of lymphatic vessel and venous invasion. Virchows Arch 2010; 456: 609-614 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20449614/
• 273 Buskens CJ, Westerterp M, Lagarde SM. et al. Prediction of appropriateness of local endoscopic treatment for high-grade dysplasia and early adenocarcinoma by EUS and histopathologic features. Gastrointest Endosc 2004; 60: 703-710 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15557945/
• 274 Westerterp M, Koppert LB, Buskens CJ. et al. Outcome of surgical treatment for early adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or gastro-esophageal junction. Virchows Arch 2005; 446: 497-504 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15838647/
• 275 Ancona E, Rampado S, Cassaro M. et al. Prediction of lymph node status in superficial esophageal carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2008; 15: 3278-3288 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18726651/
• 276 Liu L, Hofstetter WL, Rashid A. et al. Significance of the depth of tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis in superficially invasive (T1) esophageal adenocarcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 2005; 29: 1079-1085 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16006804/
• 277 Sepesi B, Watson TJ, Zhou D. et al. Are endoscopic therapies appropriate for superficial submucosal esophageal adenocarcinoma? An analysis of esophagectomy specimens. J Am Coll Surg 2010; 210: 418-427 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20347733/
• 278 Badreddine RJ, Prasad GA, Lewis JT. et al. Depth of submucosal invasion does not predict lymph node metastasis and survival of patients with esophageal carcinoma. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010; 8: 248-253 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19948247/
• 279 Griffin SM, Burt AD, Jennings NA. Lymph node metastasis in early esophageal adenocarcinoma. Ann Surg 2011; 254: 731-736 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21997815/
• 280 Leers JM, DeMeester SR, Oezcelik A. et al. The prevalence of lymph node metastases in patients with T1 esophageal adenocarcinoma a retrospective review of esophagectomy specimens. Ann Surg 2011; 253: 271-278 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21119508/
• 281 Lorenz D, Origer J, Pauthner M. et al. Prognostic risk factors of early esophageal adenocarcinomas. Ann Surg 2014; 259: 469-476 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24096754/
• 282 May A, Gossner L, Pech O. et al. Local endoscopic therapy for intraepithelial high-grade neoplasia and early adenocarcinoma in Barrett's oesophagus: acute-phase and intermediate results of a new treatment approach. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2002; 14: 1085-1091 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12362099/
• 283 Gossner L, Stolte M, Sroka R. et al. Photodynamic ablation of high-grade dysplasia and early cancer in Barrett's esophagus by means of 5-aminolevulinic acid. Gastroenterology 1998; 114: 448-455 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9496934/
• 284 Pech O, Gossner L, May A. et al. Long-term results of photodynamic therapy with 5-aminolevulinic acid for superficial Barrett's cancer and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia. Gastrointest Endosc 2005; 62: 24-30 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15990815/
• 285 Overholt BF, Wang KK, Burdick JS. et al. Five-year efficacy and safety of photodynamic therapy with Photofrin in Barrett's high-grade dysplasia. Gastrointest Endosc 2007; 66: 460-468 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17643436/
• 286 Shaheen NJ, Sharma P, Overholt BF. et al. Radiofrequency ablation in Barrett's esophagus with dysplasia. N Engl J Med 2009; 360: 2277-2288 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19474425/
• 287 Shaheen NJ, Overholt BF, Sampliner RE. et al. Durability of radiofrequency ablation in Barrett's esophagus with dysplasia. Gastroenterology 2011; 141: 460-468 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21679712/
• 288 Ganz RA, Overholt BF, Sharma VK. et al. Circumferential ablation of Barrett's esophagus that contains high-grade dysplasia: a US Multicenter Registry. Gastrointest Endosc 2008; 68: 35-40 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18355819/
• 289 Phoa KN, Pouw RE, van Vilsteren FG. et al. Remission of Barrett's esophagus with early neoplasia 5 years after radiofrequency ablation with endoscopic resection: a Netherlands cohort study. Gastroenterology 2013; 145: 96-104 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23542068/
• 290 Orman ES, Kim HP, Bulsiewicz WJ. et al. Intestinal metaplasia recurs infrequently in patients successfully treated for Barrett's esophagus with radiofrequency ablation. Am J Gastroenterol 2013; 108: 187-195 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23247578/
• 291 Van Laethem JL, Jagodzinski R, Peny MO. et al. Argon plasma coagulation in the treatment of Barrett's high-grade dysplasia and in situ adenocarcinoma. Endoscopy 2001; 33: 257-261 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11293760/
• 292 Ragunath K, Krasner N, Raman VS. et al. Endoscopic ablation of dysplastic Barrett's oesophagus comparing argon plasma coagulation and photodynamic therapy: a randomized prospective trial assessing efficacy and cost-effectiveness. Scand J Gastroenterol 2005; 40: 750-758 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16118910/
• 293 Kelty CJ, Ackroyd R, Brown NJ. et al. Endoscopic ablation of Barrett's oesophagus: a randomized-controlled trial of photodynamic therapy vs argon plasma coagulation. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004; 20: 1289-1296 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15606390/
• 294 Dumot JA, Vargo JJ, Falk GW. et al. An open-label, prospective trial of cryospray ablation for Barrett's esophagus high-grade dysplasia and early esophageal cancer in high-risk patients. Gastrointest Endosc 2009; 70: 635-644 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19559428/
• 295 Shaheen NJ, Greenwald BD, Peery AF. et al. Safety and efficacy of endoscopic spray cryotherapy for Barrett's esophagus with high-grade dysplasia. Gastrointest Endosc 2010; 71: 680-685 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20363409/
• 296 Ishihara R, Iishi H, Uedo N. et al. Comparison of EMR and endoscopic submucosal dissection for en bloc resection of early esophageal cancers in Japan. Gastrointest Endosc 2008; 68: 1066-1072 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18620345/
• 297 Cao Y, Liao C, Tan A. et al. Meta-analysis of endoscopic submucosal dissection versus endoscopic mucosal resection for tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Endoscopy 2009; 41: 751-757 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19693750/
• 298 Srivastava A, Hornick JL, Li X. et al. Extent of low-grade dysplasia is a risk factor for the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma in Barrett's esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol 2007; 102: 483-493 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17338734/
• 299 Phoa KN, van Vilsteren FG, Weusten BL. et al. Radiofrequency ablation vs endoscopic surveillance for patients with Barrett esophagus and low-grade dysplasia: a randomized clinical trial. Jama 2014; 311: 1209-1217 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24668102/
• 300 McCann P, Stafinski T, Wong C. et al. The safety and effectiveness of endoscopic and non-endoscopic approaches to the management of early esophageal cancer: a systematic review (Structured abstract). Cancer Treat Rev 2011; 37 (01) 11-62 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20570442/
• 301 Haidry RJ, Butt MA, Dunn J. et al. Radiofrequency ablation for early oesophageal squamous neoplasia: outcomes form United Kingdom registry. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19: 6011-6019 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24106401/
• 302 Min BH, Kim ER, Lee JH. et al. Feasibility and efficacy of argon plasma coagulation for early esophageal squamous cell neoplasia. Endoscopy 2013; 45: 575-578 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23801315/
• 303 Tahara K, Tanabe S, Ishido K. et al. Argon plasma coagulation for superficial esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma in high-risk patients. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18: 5412-5417 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23082058/
• 304 Peters FP, Kara MA, Rosmolen WD. et al. Endoscopic treatment of high-grade dysplasia and early stage cancer in Barrett's esophagus. Gastrointest Endosc 2005; 61: 506-514 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15812401/
• 305 Metzger R, Bollschweiler E, Vallbohmer D. et al. High volume centers for esophagectomy: what is the number needed to achieve low postoperative mortality?. Dis Esophagus 2004; 17: 310-314 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15569369/
• 306 Holscher AH, Metzger R, Brabender J. et al. High-volume centers--effect of case load on outcome in cancer surgery. Onkologie 2004; 27: 412-416 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15347901/
• 307 Coupland VH, Lagergren J, Luchtenborg M. et al. Hospital volume, proportion resected and mortality from oesophageal and gastric cancer: a population-based study in England, 2004-2008. Gut 2013; 62: 961-966 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23086798/
• 308 Brusselaers N, Mattsson F, Lagergren J. Hospital and surgeon volume in relation to long-term survival after oesophagectomy: systematic review and meta-analysis. Gut 2014; 63: 1393-1400 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24270368/
• 309 Derogar M, Sadr-Azodi O, Johar A. et al. Hospital and surgeon volume in relation to survival after esophageal cancer surgery in a population-based study. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31: 551-557 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23295792/
• 310 Reames BN, Shubeck SP, Birkmeyer JD. Strategies for reducing regional variation in the use of surgery: a systematic review. Ann Surg 2014; 259: 616-627 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24240626/
• 311 Nimptsch U, Haist T, Krautz C. et al. Hospital Volume, In-Hospital Mortality, and Failure to Rescue in Esophageal Surgery. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2018; 115: 793-800 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30636674
• 312 Hoeppner J, Plum P, Buhr H. et al. [Surgical treatment of esophageal cancer-Indicators for quality in diagnostics and treatment]. Chirurg 2021; 92 (04) 350-360 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32876700/
• 313 van der Werf L, Busweiler L, van Sandick J. et al. Reporting National Outcomes After Esophagectomy and Gastrectomy According to the Esophageal Complications Consensus Group (ECCG). Ann Surg 2020; 271 (06) 1095-1101 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30676381/
• 314 Schroder W, Bollschweiler E, Kossow C. et al. Preoperative risk analysis--a reliable predictor of postoperative outcome after transthoracic esophagectomy?. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2006; 391: 455-460 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16896830/
• 315 Bollschweiler E, Schroder W, Holscher AH. et al. Preoperative risk analysis in patients with adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus. Br J Surg 2000; 87: 1106-1110 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10931059/
• 316 Lagarde SM, Maris AK, de Castro SM. et al. Evaluation of O-POSSUM in predicting in-hospital mortality after resection for oesophageal cancer. Br J Surg 2007; 94: 1521-1526 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17929231/
• 317 Hodari A, Hammoud ZT, Borgi JF. et al. Assessment of morbidity and mortality after esophagectomy using a modified frailty index. Ann Thorac Surg 2013; 96: 1240-1245 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23915593/
• 318 Pottgen C, Stuschke M. Radiotherapy versus surgery within multimodality protocols for esophageal cancer--a meta-analysis of the randomized trials. Cancer Treat.Rev 2012; 38: 599-604 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22116018/
• 319 Markar SR, Karthikesalingam A, Penna M. et al. Assessment of short-term clinical outcomes following salvage esophagectomy for the treatment of esophageal malignancy: systematic review and pooled analysis. Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 21: 922-931 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24212722/
• 320 Hofstetter WL. Salvage esophagectomy. J Thorac Dis 2014; 6 (Suppl. 03) S341-S349 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24876940/
• 321 Wu J, Chen QX, Teng LS. et al. Prognostic significance of positive circumferential resection margin in esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Thorac Surg 2014; 97: 446-453 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24365211/
• 322 Holscher AH, Schroder W, Bollschweiler E. et al. How safe is high intrathoracic esophagogastrostomy?. Chirurg 2003; 74: 726-733 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12928793/
• 323 Holscher AH, Schneider PM, Gutschow C. et al. Laparoscopic ischemic conditioning of the stomach for esophageal replacement. Ann Surg 2007; 245: 241-246 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17245177/
• 324 Li B, Xiang J, Zhang Y. et al. Comparison of Ivor-Lewis vs Sweet esophagectomy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Surg 2015; 150: 292-298 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25650816/
• 325 Schroder W, Vallbohmer D, Bludau M. et al. The resection of the azygos vein--necessary or redundant extension of transthoracic esophagectomy?. J Gastrointest Surg 2008; 12: 1163-1167 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18278537/
• 326 Boone J, Schipper ME, Bleys RL. et al. The effect of azygos vein preservation on mediastinal lymph node harvesting in thoracic esophagolymphadenectomy. Dis Esophagus 2008; 21: 226-229 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18430103/
• 327 Siewert JR, Holscher AH, Becker K. et al. Cardia cancer: attempt at a therapeutically relevant classification. Chirurg 1987; 58: 25-32 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3829805/
• 328 Kutup A, Nentwich MF, Bollschweiler E. et al. What should be the gold standard for the surgical component in the treatment of locally advanced esophageal cancer: transthoracic versus transhiatal esophagectomy. Ann Surg 2014; 260: 1016-1022 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24950288/
• 329 Omloo JM, Lagarde SM, Hulscher JB. et al. Extended transthoracic resection compared with limited transhiatal resection for adenocarcinoma of the mid/distal esophagus: five-year survival of a randomized clinical trial. Ann Surg 2007; 246: 992-1000 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18043101/
• 330 Workum F, Maas J, Wildenberg F. et al. Improved Functional Results After Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy: intrathoracic Versus Cervical Anastomosis. Annals of thoracic surgery 2017; 103: 267-273 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27677565/
• 331 Deng J, Su Q, Ren Z. et al. Comparison of short-term outcomes between minimally invasive McKeown and Ivor Lewis esophagectomy for esophageal or junctional cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11: 6057-6069 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30275710
• 332 Low DE, Kuppusamy MK, Alderson D. et al. Benchmarking Complications Associated with Esophagectomy. Ann Surg 2019; 269: 291-298 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29206677
• 333 Low DE, Alderson D, Cecconello I. et al. International Consensus on Standardization of Data Collection for Complications Associated With Esophagectomy: Esophagectomy Complications Consensus Group (ECCG). Ann Surg 2015; 262: 286-294 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25607756
• 334 Gooszen JAH, Goense L, Gisbertz SS. et al. Intrathoracic versus cervical anastomosis and predictors of anastomotic leakage after oesophagectomy for cancer. Br J Surg 2018; 105: 552-560 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29412450
• 335 Hayata K, Nakamori M, Nakamura M. et al. Circular stapling versus triangulating stapling for the cervical esophagogastric anastomosis after esophagectomy in patients with thoracic esophageal cancer: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial. Surgery 2017; 162: 131-138 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28318550
• 336 Sasako M, Sano T, Yamamoto S. et al. Left thoracoabdominal approach versus abdominal-transhiatal approach for gastric cancer of the cardia or subcardia: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 2006; 7: 644-651 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16887481/
• 337 Kurokawa Y, Sasako M, Sano T. et al. Ten-year follow-up results of a randomized clinical trial comparing left thoracoabdominal and abdominal transhiatal approaches to total gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma of the oesophagogastric junction or gastric cardia. British journal of surgery 2015; 102: 341-348 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25605628/
• 338 Li B, Hu H, Zhang Y. et al. Extended Right Thoracic Approach Compared With Limited Left Thoracic Approach for Patients With Middle and Lower Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Three-year Survival of a Prospective, Randomized, Open-label Trial. Ann Surg 2018; 267: 826-832 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28448385
• 339 Peyre CG, Hagen JA, DeMeester SR. et al. The number of lymph nodes removed predicts survival in esophageal cancer: an international study on the impact of extent of surgical resection. Ann Surg 2008; 248: 549-556 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18936567/
• 340 Peyre CG, Hagen JA, DeMeester SR. et al. Predicting systemic disease in patients with esophageal cancer after esophagectomy: a multinational study on the significance of the number of involved lymph nodes. Ann Surg 2008; 248: 979-985 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19092342/
• 341 Lerut T, Nafteux P, Moons J. et al. Three-field lymphadenectomy for carcinoma of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction in 174 R0 resections: impact on staging, disease-free survival, and outcome: a plea for adaptation of TNM classification in upper-half esophageal carcinoma. Ann Surg 2004; 240: 962-972 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15570202/
• 342 Rizk NP, Ishwaran H, Rice TW. et al. Optimum lymphadenectomy for esophageal cancer. Ann Surg 2010; 251: 46-50 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20032718/
• 343 Fujita H, Sueyoshi S, Tanaka T. et al. Optimal lymphadenectomy for squamous cell carcinoma in the thoracic esophagus: comparing the short- and long-term outcome among the four types of lymphadenectomy. World J Surg 2003; 27: 571-579 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12715226/
• 344 Peyre CG, Hagen JA, DeMeester SR. et al. The number of lymph nodes removed predicts survival in esophageal cancer: an international study on the impact of extent of surgical resection. Ann Surg 2008; 248: 549-556 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18936567
• 345 Visser E, Markar SR, Ruurda JP. et al. Prognostic Value of Lymph Node Yield on Overall Survival in Esophageal Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ann Surg 2019; 269: 261-268 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29794846
• 346 Bollschweiler E, Baldus SE, Schroder W. et al. Staging of esophageal carcinoma: length of tumor and number of involved regional lymph nodes Are these independent prognostic factors?. J Surg Oncol 2006; 94: 355-363 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16967455
• 347 Bollschweiler E, Besch S, Drebber U. et al. Influence of neoadjuvant chemoradiation on the number and size of analyzed lymph nodes in esophageal cancer. Ann.Surg.Oncol 2010; 17: 3187-3194 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20585867/
• 348 Bekkar S, Gronnier C, Messager M. et al. The impact of preoperative radiochemotherapy on survival in advanced esophagogastric junction signet ring cell adenocarcinoma. Ann Thorac Surg 2014; 97: 303-310 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24200394/
• 349 Mariette C, Carneiro F, Grabsch HI. et al. Consensus on the pathological definition and classification of poorly cohesive gastric carcinoma. Gastric Cancer 2019; 22: 1-9 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30167905
• 350 Yamashita H, Seto Y, Sano T. et al. Results of a nation-wide retrospective study of lymphadenectomy for esophagogastric junction carcinoma. Gastric Cancer 2017; 20: 69-83 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27796514
• 351 Kurokawa Y, Takeuchi H, Doki Y. et al. Mapping of Lymph Node Metastasis From Esophagogastric Junction Tumors: A Prospective Nationwide Multicenter Study. Ann Surg 2021; 274: 120-127 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31404008
• 352 Holscher AH, Law S. Esophagogastric junction adenocarcinomas: individualization of resection with special considerations for Siewert type II, and Nishi types EG, E=G and GE cancers. Gastric Cancer 2020; 23: 3-9 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31691875
• 353 Hosoda K, Washio M, Mieno H. et al. Comparison of double-flap and OrVil techniques of laparoscopy-assisted proximal gastrectomy in preventing gastroesophageal reflux: a retrospective cohort study. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2019; 404: 81-91 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30612151
• 354 Zapletal C, Heesen C, Origer J. et al. Quality of life after surgical treatment of early Barrett's cancer: a prospective comparison of the Ivor-Lewis resection versus the modified Merendino resection. World J Surg 2014; 38: 1444-1452 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24378548
• 355 Holscher A, Berlth F, Hemmerich M. et al. [Double Tract Reconstruction Following Limited Oesophagogastric Resection of AEG Types II and III Adenocarcinomas]. Zentralbl Chir 2020; 145: 35-40 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31100761
• 356 Holscher AH, Schroder W, Bollschweiler E. et al. [How safe is high intrathoracic esophagogastrostomy?. ]. Chirurg 2003; 74: 726-733 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12928793
• 357 Holscher AH, Schneider PM, Gutschow C. et al. Laparoscopic ischemic conditioning of the stomach for esophageal replacement. Ann Surg 2007; 245: 241-246 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17245177
• 358 van der Sluis PC, van der Horst S, May AM. et al. Robot-assisted Minimally Invasive Thoracolaparoscopic Esophagectomy Versus Open Transthoracic Esophagectomy for Resectable Esophageal Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Ann Surg 2019; 269: 621-630 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30308612
• 359 Schroder W, Holscher AH, Bludau M. et al. Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy with and without laparoscopic conditioning of the gastric conduit. World J Surg 2010; 34: 738-743 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20098986/
• 360 Urschel JD, Blewett CJ, Young JE. et al. Pyloric drainage (pyloroplasty) or no drainage in gastric reconstruction after esophagectomy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Dig Surg 2002; 19: 160-164 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12119515/
• 361 Gaur P, Swanson SJ. Should we continue to drain the pylorus in patients undergoing an esophagectomy?. Dis Esophagus 2014; 27: 568-573 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23442059/
• 362 Hadzijusufovic E, Tagkalos E, Neumann H. et al. Preoperative endoscopic pyloric balloon dilatation decreases the rate of delayed gastric emptying after Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy. Dis Esophagus 2019; 32: doy097 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30508077
• 363 Vallbohmer D, Holscher AH, Herbold T. et al. Diaphragmatic hernia after conventional or laparoscopic-assisted transthoracic esophagectomy. Ann Thorac Surg 2007; 84: 1847-1852 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18036896/
• 364 Price TN, Nichols FC, Harmsen WS. et al. A comprehensive review of anastomotic technique in 432 esophagectomies. Ann Thorac Surg 2013; 95: 1154-1160 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23395626/
• 365 Erkmen CP, Raman V, Ghushe ND. et al. Laparoscopic repair of hiatal hernia after esophagectomy. J Gastrointest Surg 2013; 17: 1370-1374 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23797880/
• 366 Maas KW, Cuesta MA, van Berge HenegouwenMI. et al. Quality of Life and Late Complications After Minimally Invasive Compared to Open Esophagectomy: Results of a Randomized Trial. World J Surg 2015; 39: 1986-1993 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26037024/
• 367 Straatman J, van der Wielen N, Cuesta MA. et al. Minimally Invasive Versus Open Esophageal Resection: Three-year Follow-up of the Previously Reported Randomized Controlled Trial: the TIME Trial. Ann Surg 2017; 266: 232-236 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28187044/
• 368 Luketich JD, Pennathur A, Awais O. et al. Outcomes after minimally invasive esophagectomy: review of over 1000 patients. Ann Surg 2012; 256: 95-103 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22668811/
• 369 Smithers BM, Gotley DC, Martin I. et al. Comparison of the outcomes between open and minimally invasive esophagectomy. Ann Surg 2007; 245: 232-240 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17245176/
• 370 Briez N, Piessen G, Torres F. et al. Effects of hybrid minimally invasive oesophagectomy on major postoperative pulmonary complications. Br J Surg 2012; 99: 1547-1553 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23027071/
• 371 Harbison GJ, Vossler JD, Yim NH. et al. Outcomes of robotic versus non-robotic minimally-invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: An American College of Surgeons NSQIP database analysis. Am J Surg 2019; 218: 1223-1228 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31500797
• 372 Jin D, Yao L, Yu J. et al. Robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy versus the conventional minimally invasive one: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Int J Med Robot 2019; 15: e1988 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30737881
• 373 Espinoza-Mercado F, Imai TA, Borgella JD. et al. Does the Approach Matter? Comparing Survival in Robotic, Minimally Invasive, and Open Esophagectomies. Ann Thorac Surg 2019; 107: 378-385 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30312615
• 374 Briez N. et al. Is minimally invasive oesophagectomy for cancer decreasing pulmonary complications-Results from a case-control study. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28 (Suppl. 15) 4071 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313944127
• 375 Mariette C, Markar SR, Dabakuyo-Yonli TS. et al. Hybrid Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer. N Engl J Med 2019; 380: 152-162 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30625052
• 376 Mariette C, Markar S, Dabakuyo-Yonli TS. et al. Health-related Quality of Life Following Hybrid Minimally Invasive Versus Open Esophagectomy for Patients With Esophageal Cancer, Analysis of a Multicenter, Open-label, Randomized Phase III Controlled Trial: The MIRO Trial. Ann Surg 2020; 271: 1023-1029 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31404005
• 377 Mariette C, Markar S, Dabakuyo-Yonli TS. et al. Health-related Quality of Life Following Hybrid Minimally Invasive Versus Open Esophagectomy for Patients With Esophageal Cancer, Analysis of a Multicenter, Open-label, Randomized Phase III Controlled Trial: The MIRO Trial. Ann Surg 2020; 271: 1023-1029 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31404005
• 378 Glatz T, Marjanovic G, Kulemann B. et al. Hybrid minimally invasive esophagectomy vs open esophagectomy: a matched case analysis in 120 patients. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2017; 402: 323-331 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28083680
• 379 Yang J, Chen L, Ge K. et al. Efficacy of hybrid minimally invasive esophagectomy vs open esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: A meta-analysis. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2019; 11: 1081-1091 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31798787
• 380 Bonavina L, Scolari F, Aiolfi A. et al. Early outcome of thoracoscopic and hybrid esophagectomy: Propensity-matched comparative analysis. Surgery 2016; 159: 1073-1081 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26422764/
• 381 Metcalfe C, Avery K, Berrisford R. et al. Comparing open and minimally invasive surgical procedures for oesophagectomy in the treatment of cancer: the ROMIO (Randomised Oesophagectomy: Minimally Invasive or Open) feasibility study and pilot trial. Health Technol Assess 2016; 20: 1-68 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27373720
• 382 Gottlieb-Vedi E, Kauppila JH, Malietzis G. et al. Long-term Survival in Esophageal Cancer After Minimally Invasive Compared to Open Esophagectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ann Surg 2019; 270: 1005-1017 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30817355
• 383 Maas KW, Cuesta MA, van Berge HenegouwenMI. et al. Quality of Life and Late Complications After Minimally Invasive Compared to Open Esophagectomy: Results of a Randomized Trial. World J Surg 2015; 39: 1986-1993 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26037024
• 384 Straatman J, Wielen N, Nieuwenhuijzen G. et al. Techniques and short-term outcomes for total minimally invasive Ivor Lewis esophageal resection in distal esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancers: pooled data from six European centers. Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 2017; 31: 119-126 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27129563/
• 385 Seesing MFJ, Gisbertz SS, Goense L. et al. A Propensity Score Matched Analysis of Open Versus Minimally Invasive Transthoracic Esophagectomy in the Netherlands. Ann Surg 2017; 266: 839-846 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28796016
• 386 Schmidt HM, Gisbertz SS, Moons J. et al. Defining Benchmarks for Transthoracic Esophagectomy: A Multicenter Analysis of Total Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy in Low Risk Patients. Ann Surg 2017; 266: 814-821 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28796646
• 387 Low DE, Alderson D, Cecconello I. et al. International Consensus on Standardization of Data Collection for Complications Associated With Esophagectomy: Esophagectomy Complications Consensus Group (ECCG). Ann Surg 2015; 262: 286-294 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25607756/
• 388 Erhunmwunsee L, Englum BR, Onaitis MW. et al. Impact of pretreatment imaging on survival of esophagectomy after induction therapy for esophageal cancer: who should be given the benefit of the doubt? esophagectomy outcomes of patients with suspicious metastatic lesions. Ann Surg Oncol 2015; 22: 1020-1025 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25234017/
• 389 Shimoji H, Karimata H, Nagahama M. et al. Induction chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy followed by radical esophagectomy for T4 esophageal cancer: results of a prospective cohort study. World J Surg 2013; 37: 2180-2188 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23649529/
• 390 Al-Batran S, Homann N, Pauligk C. et al. Effect of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed by Surgical Resection on Survival in Patients With Limited Metastatic Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer: The AIO-FLOT3 Trial. JAMA Oncol 2017; 3 (09) 1237-1244 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28448662/
• 391 Al-Batran S, Goetze T, Mueller D. et al. The RENAISSANCE (AIO-FLOT5) trial: effect of chemotherapy alone vs chemotherapy followed by surgical resection on survival and quality of life in patients with limited-metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach or esophagogastric junction – a phase III trial of the German AIO/CAO-V/CAOGI. BMC Cancer 2017; 17 (01) 893 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29282088/
• 392 Jamel S, Tukanova K, Markar S. Detection and management of oligometastatic disease in oesophageal cancer and identification of prognostic factors: A systematic review. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2019; 11 (09) 741-749 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31558978/
• 393 Weimann A, Braga M, Harsanyi L. et al. ESPEN Guidelines on Enteral Nutrition: Surgery including organ transplantation. Clin Nutr 2006; 25: 224-244 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16698152/
• 394 Weimann A. S3-Leitlinie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Ernährungsmedizin: Klinische Ernährung in der Chirurgie. Aktuell Ernährungsmedizin 2013; 38: e155-e197
• 395 Kondrup J, Allison SP, Elia M. et al. ESPEN guidelines for nutrition screening 2002. Clin Nutr 2003; 22: 415-421 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12880610/
• 396 Schwegler I, von Holzen A, Gutzwiller JP. et al. Nutritional risk is a clinical predictor of postoperative mortality and morbidity in surgery for colorectal cancer. Br J Surg 2010; 97: 92-97 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20013933/
• 397 Sorensen J, Kondrup J, Prokopowicz J. et al. EuroOOPS: an international, multicentre study to implement nutritional risk screening and evaluate clinical outcome. Clin Nutr 2008; 27: 340-349 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18504063/
• 398 Kuppinger D, Hartl WH, Bertok M. et al. Nutritional screening for risk prediction in patients scheduled for abdominal operations. Br J Surg 2012; 99: 728-737 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22362084/
• 399 Khuri SF, Daley J, Henderson W. et al. Risk adjustment of the postoperative mortality rate for the comparative assessment of the quality of surgical care: results of the National Veterans Affairs Surgical Risk Study. J Am Coll Surg 1997; 185: 315-327 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9328380/
• 400 Hennessey DB, Burke JP, Ni-Dhonochu T. et al. Preoperative hypoalbuminemia is an independent risk factor for the development of surgical site infection following gastrointestinal surgery: a multi-institutional study. Ann Surg 2010; 252: 325-329 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20647925/
• 401 Evans D, Corkins M, Malone A. et al. The Use of Visceral Proteins as Nutrition Markers: An ASPEN Position Paper. Nutr Clin Pract 2021; 36 (01) 22-28 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33125793/
• 402 Deftereos I, Kiss N, Isenring E. et al. A systematic review of the effect of preoperative nutrition support on nutritional status and treatment outcomes in upper gastrointestinal cancer resection. Eur J Surg Oncol 2020; 46 (08) 1423-1434 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32336624/
• 403 Ligthart-Melis GC, Weijs PJ, te Boveldt ND. et al. Dietician-delivered intensive nutritional support is associated with a decrease in severe postoperative complications after surgery in patients with esophageal cancer. Dis Esophagus 2013; 26: 587-593 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23237356/
• 404 Ellrichmann M, Sergeev P, Bethge J. et al. Prospective evaluation of malignant cell seeding after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in patients with oropharyngeal/esophageal cancers. Endoscopy 2013; 45: 526-531 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23780843/
• 405 Bozzetti F, Gavazzi C, Miceli R. et al. Perioperative total parenteral nutrition in malnourished, gastrointestinal cancer patients: a randomized, clinical trial. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2000; 24: 7-14 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10638466/
• 406 Burden S, Todd C, Hill J. et al. Pre-operative nutrition support in patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 11: Cd008879 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23152265/
• 407 Hill GL. Impact of nutritional support on the clinical outcome of the surgical patient. Clin Nutr 1994; 13: 331-340 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16843410/
• 408 Jie B, Jiang ZM, Nolan MT. et al. Impact of preoperative nutritional support on clinical outcome in abdominal surgical patients at nutritional risk. Nutrition 2012; 28: 1022-1027 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22673593/
• 409 Osland E, Hossain MB, Khan S. et al. Effect of timing of pharmaconutrition (immunonutrition) administration on outcomes of elective surgery for gastrointestinal malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2014; 38: 53-69 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23411423/
• 410 Mabvuure NT, Roman A, Khan OA. Enteral immunonutrition versus standard enteral nutrition for patients undergoing oesophagogastric resection for cancer. Int J Surg 2013; 11: 122-127 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23274278/
• 411 Adiamah A, Skorepa P, Weimann A. et al. The Impact of Preoperative Immune Modulating Nutrition on Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ann Surg 2019; 270: 247-256 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30817349
• 412 Daniels S, Lee M, George J. et al. Prehabilitation in elective abdominal cancer surgery in older patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. BJS Open 2020; 4: 1022-1041 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32959532/
• 413 Perioperative Total Parenteral Nutrition in Surgical Patients. New England Journal of Medicine 1991; 325: 525-532
• 414 Weimann A, Braga M, Carli F. et al. ESPEN guideline: Clinical nutrition in surgery. Clin Nutr 2017; 36: 623-650 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28385477
• 415 Weimann A, Braga M, Carli F. et al. ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical nutrition in surgery. Clin Nutr 2021; 40 (07) 4745-4761 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34242915/
• 416 Weimann A, Breitenstein S, Gabor S. et al. S3-Leitlinie Klinische Ernährung in der Chirurgie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Ernährungsmedizin (DGEM) e V. in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Arbeitskreis Klinische Ernährung (AKE), der Gesellschaft für Klinische Ernährung der Schweiz (GESKES) und den Fachgesellschaften Deutsche Gesellschaft für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin (DGAI) e. V., Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie (DGAV) e. V., Deutsche Gesellschaft für Chirurgie (DGCH) e. V. Aktuelle Ernährungsmedizin 2023; 48: 237-290
• 417 Andersen HK, Lewis SJ, Thomas S. Early enteral nutrition within 24h of colorectal surgery versus later commencement of feeding for postoperative complications. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006; 18: Cd004080 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17054196/
• 418 Lewis SJ, Andersen HK, Thomas S. Early enteral nutrition within 24h of intestinal surgery versus later commencement of feeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gastrointest Surg 2009; 13: 569-575 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18629592/
• 419 Osland E, Yunus RM, Khan S. et al. Early versus traditional postoperative feeding in patients undergoing resectional gastrointestinal surgery: a meta-analysis. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2011; 35: 473-487 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21628607/
• 420 Berkelmans GHK, Fransen LFC, Dolmans-Zwartjes ACP. et al. Direct Oral Feeding Following Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy (NUTRIENT II trial): An International, Multicenter, Open-label Randomized Controlled Trial. Ann Surg 2020; 271: 41-47 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31090563
• 421 Sica GS, Sujendran V, Wheeler J. et al. Needle catheter jejunostomy at esophagectomy for cancer. J Surg Oncol 2005; 91: 276-279 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16121345/
• 422 Han-Geurts IJ, Hop WC, Verhoef C. et al. Randomized clinical trial comparing feeding jejunostomy with nasoduodenal tube placement in patients undergoing oesophagectomy. Br J Surg 2007; 94: 31-35 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17117432/
• 423 Gerritsen A, Besselink MG, Cieslak KP. et al. Efficacy and complications of nasojejunal, jejunostomy and parenteral feeding after pancreaticoduodenectomy. J Gastrointest Surg 2012; 16: 1144-1151 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22528573/
• 424 Markides GA, Alkhaffaf B, Vickers J. Nutritional access routes following oesophagectomy--a systematic review. Eur J Clin Nutr 2011; 65: 565-573 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21407246/
• 425 Theologou T, Diab M, Kyaw PA. et al. The impact of positive circumferential margin on survival following oesophagectomy using the new 7th TNM classification. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2013; 44: 855-859 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23650023/
• 426 O'Farrell NJ, Donohoe CL, Muldoon C. et al. Lack of independent significance of a close (<1 mm) circumferential resection margin involvement in esophageal and junctional cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2013; 20: 2727-2733 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23463085/
• 427 Fok M, Sham JS, Choy D. et al. Postoperative radiotherapy for carcinoma of the esophagus: a prospective, randomized controlled study. Surgery 1993; 113: 138-147 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8430362/
• 428 Teniere P, Hay JM, Fingerhut A. et al. Postoperative radiation therapy does not increase survival after curative resection for squamous cell carcinoma of the middle and lower esophagus as shown by a multicenter controlled trial French University Association for Surgical Research. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1991; 173: 123-130 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1925862/
• 429 Bao Y, Liu S, Zhou Q. et al. Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy for postoperative recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: clinical efficacy and failure pattern. Radiat Oncol 2013; 8: 241 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24139225/
• 430 Jingu K, Matsushita H, Takeda K. et al. Long-term results of radiotherapy combined with nedaplatin and 5-fluorouracil for postoperative loco-regional recurrent esophageal cancer: update on a phase II study. BMC Cancer 2012; 12: 542 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23171077/
• 431 Ma DY, Tan BX, Liu M. et al. Concurrent three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and chemotherapy for postoperative recurrence of mediastinal lymph node metastases in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a phase 2 single-institution study. Radiat Oncol 2014; 9: 28 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24438695/
• 432 Fakhrian K, Gamisch N, Schuster T. et al. Salvage radiotherapy in patients with recurrent esophageal carcinoma. Strahlenther Onkol 2012; 188: 136-142 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22218502/
• 433 Sudo K, Taketa T, Correa AM. et al. Locoregional failure rate after preoperative chemoradiation of esophageal adenocarcinoma and the outcomes of salvage strategies. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31: 4306-4310 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24145339/
• 434 Oppedijk V, van der Gaast A, van Lanschot JJ. et al. Patterns of recurrence after surgery alone versus preoperative chemoradiotherapy and surgery in the CROSS trials. J Clin Oncol 2014; 32: 385-391 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24419108/
• 435 Tukanova K, Chidambaram S, Guidozzi N. et al. Physiotherapy Regimens in Esophagectomy and Gastrectomy: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Ann Surg Oncol 2022; 29 (05) 3148-3167 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34961901/
• 436 Arnott SJ, Duncan W, Gignoux M. et al. Preoperative radiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005; 2005: Cd001799 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16235286/
• 437 Schwer AL, Ballonoff A, McCammon R. et al. Survival effect of neoadjuvant radiotherapy before esophagectomy for patients with esophageal cancer: a surveillance, epidemiology, and end-results study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009; 73: 449-455 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18538500/
• 438 Malthaner RA, Wong RK, Rumble RB. et al. Neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy for resectable esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC.Med 2004; 2: 35 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15447788/
• 439 Medical Research Council Oesophageal Cancer Working Group Surgical resection with or without preoperative chemotherapy in oesophageal cancer: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2002; 359: 1727-1733
• 440 Allum WH, Stenning SP, Bancewicz J. et al. Long-term results of a randomized trial of surgery with or without preoperative chemotherapy in esophageal cancer. J Clin.Oncol 2009; 27: 5062-5067 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19770374/
• 441 Boonstra JJ, Kok TC, Wijnhoven BP. et al. Chemotherapy followed by surgery versus surgery alone in patients with resectable oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: long-term results of a randomized controlled trial. BMC.Cancer 2011; 11: 181 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21595951/
• 442 Cunningham D, Allum WH, Stenning SP. et al. Perioperative chemotherapy versus surgery alone for resectable gastroesophageal cancer. N.Engl.J Med 2006; 355: 11-20 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16822992/
• 443 Kelsen DP, Ginsberg R, Pajak TF. et al. Chemotherapy followed by surgery compared with surgery alone for localized esophageal cancer. N.Engl.J Med 1998; 339: 1979-1984 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9869669/
• 444 Law S, Fok M, Chow S. et al. Preoperative chemotherapy versus surgical therapy alone for squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: a prospective randomized trial. J Thorac.Cardiovasc.Surg 1997; 114: 210-217 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9270638/
• 445 Moehler M, Al-Batran SE, Andus T. et al. S3-Leitlinie „Magenkarzinom“ -. Z Gastroenterol 2011; 49: 461-531
• 446 Ychou M, Boige V, Pignon JP. et al. Perioperative chemotherapy compared with surgery alone for resectable gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: an FNCLCC and FFCD multicenter phase III trial. J Clin.Oncol 2011; 29: 1715-1721 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21444866/
• 447 van Hagen P, Hulshof MC, van Lanschot JJ. et al. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy for esophageal or junctional cancer. N.Engl.J Med 2012; 366: 2074-2084 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22646630/
• 448 Al-Batran S, Homann N, Schmalenberg H. et al. Perioperative chemotherapy with docetaxel, oxaliplatin, and fluorouracil/leucovorin (FLOT) versus epirubicin, cisplatin, and fluorouracil or capecitabine (ECF/ECX) for resectable gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma (FLOT4-AIO): A multicenter, randomized phase 3 trial. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2017; 35: 4004-4004
• 449 Sjoquist KM, Burmeister BH, Smithers BM. et al. Survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for resectable oesophageal carcinoma: an updated meta-analysis. Lancet Oncol 2011; 12: 681-692 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21684205/
• 450 Markar SR, Gronnier C, Pasquer A. et al. Role of neoadjuvant treatment in clinical T2N0M0 oesophageal cancer: results from a retrospective multi-center European study. Eur J Cancer 2016; 56: 59-68 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26808298/
• 451 Speicher PJ, Ganapathi AM, Englum BR. et al. Induction therapy does not improve survival for clinical stage T2N0 esophageal cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2014; 9: 1195-1201 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25157773/
• 452 Crabtree TD, Kosinski AS, Puri V. et al. Evaluation of the reliability of clinical staging of T2 N0 esophageal cancer: a review of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons database. Ann Thorac Surg 2013; 96: 382-390 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23731608/
• 453 Wolfson P, Ho K, Bassett P. et al. Accuracy of clinical staging for T2N0 oesophageal cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. Dis Esophagus 2021; 34 (08) doab002 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33618359/
• 454 Thuss-Patience P, Vecchione L, Keilholz U. Should cT2 esophageal cancer get neoadjuvant treatment before surgery?. J Thorac Dis 2017; 9: 2819-2823 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29221247/
• 455 Cunningham D, Allum W, Weeden S. Perioperative chemotherapy in operable gastric and lower oesophageal cancer: a randomised, controlled trial of the UK NCRI Upper GI Clinical Studies Group (the MAGIC trial, ISRCTN 93793971) [abstract]. European.journal of cancer 2003; 1: S18
• 456 Clark PI. Medical Research Council (MRC) randomised phase III trial of surgery with or without pre-operative chemotherapy in resectable cancer of the oesophagus. British.journal of cancer 2000; 83: 1 http://www.nature.com/bjc/journal/v83 / n1/pdf/6691309a.pdf
• 457 Moehler M, Baltin CT, Ebert M. et al. International comparison of the German evidence-based S3-guidelines on the diagnosis and multimodal treatment of early and locally advanced gastric cancer, including adenocarcinoma of the lower esophagus. Gastric Cancer 2015; 18: 550-563 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25192931/
• 458 Al-Batran S, Homann N, Pauligk C. et al. Perioperative chemotherapy with fluorouracil plus leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel versus fluorouracil or capecitabine plus cisplatin and epirubicin for locally advanced, resectable gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (FLOT4): a randomised, phase 2/3 trial. Lancet 2019; 393: 1948-1957 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30982686/
• 459 Fiorica F, Di Bona D, Schepis F. et al. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy for oesophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gut 2004; 53: 925-930 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15194636/
• 460 Bosset JF, Gignoux M, Triboulet JP. et al. Chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery compared with surgery alone in squamous-cell cancer of the esophagus. N.Engl.J Med 1997; 337: 161-167 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9219702/
• 461 Lee JL, Park SI, Kim SB. et al. A single institutional phase III trial of preoperative chemotherapy with hyperfractionation radiotherapy plus surgery versus surgery alone for resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Ann.Oncol 2004; 15: 947-954 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15151953/
• 462 Tepper J, Krasna MJ, Niedzwiecki D. et al. Phase III trial of trimodality therapy with cisplatin, fluorouracil, radiotherapy, and surgery compared with surgery alone for esophageal cancer: CALGB 9781. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26: 1086-1092 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18309943/
• 463 Montagnani F, Fornaro L, Frumento P. et al. Multimodality treatment of locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus: A comprehensive review and network meta-analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 114: 24-32 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28477744
• 464 Burmeister BH, Smithers BM, Gebski V. et al. Surgery alone versus chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery for resectable cancer of the oesophagus: a randomised controlled phase III trial. Lancet Oncol 2005; 6: 659-668 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16129366
• 465 Cai Z, Yin Y, Zhao Z. et al. Comparative Effectiveness of Neoadjuvant Treatments for Resectable Gastroesophageal Cancer: A Network Meta-Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9: 872 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30127746
• 466 Fiorica F, Di Bona D, Schepis F. et al. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy for oesophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gut 2004; 53: 925-930 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15194636
• 467 Kranzfelder M, Schuster T, Geinitz H. et al. Meta-analysis of neoadjuvant treatment modalities and definitive non-surgical therapy for oesophageal squamous cell cancer. Br J Surg 2011; 98: 768-783 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21462364
• 468 Petrelli F, Ghidini M, Barni S. et al. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy or chemotherapy for gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastric Cancer 2019; 22: 245-254 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30483986
• 469 Cheng J, Cai M, Shuai X. et al. Multimodal treatments for resectable esophagogastric junction cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2019; 11: 1758835919838963 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31044021
• 470 Conroy T, Galais MP, Raoul JL. et al. Definitive chemoradiotherapy with FOLFOX versus fluorouracil and cisplatin in patients with oesophageal cancer (PRODIGE5 / ACCORD17): final results of a randomised, phase 2/3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2014; 15: 305-314 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24556041/
• 471 Herskovic A, Martz K, al-Sarraf M. et al. Combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy compared with radiotherapy alone in patients with cancer of the esophagus. N Engl J Med 1992; 326: 1593-1598 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1584260/
• 472 van Hagen P, Hulshof MC, van Lanschot JJ. et al. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy for esophageal or junctional cancer. N Engl J Med 2012; 366: 2074-2084 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22646630
• 473 Tepper J, Krasna MJ, Niedzwiecki D. et al. Phase III trial of trimodality therapy with cisplatin, fluorouracil, radiotherapy, and surgery compared with surgery alone for esophageal cancer: CALGB 9781. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26: 1086-1092 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18309943
• 474 Urba SG, Orringer MB, Turrisi A. et al. Randomized trial of preoperative chemoradiation versus surgery alone in patients with locoregional esophageal carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2001; 19: 305-313 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11208820
• 475 Walsh TN, Noonan N, Hollywood D. et al. A comparison of multimodal therapy and surgery for esophageal adenocarcinoma. N Engl J Med 1996; 335: 462-467 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8672151
• 476 Zhao Q, Li Y, Wang J. et al. Concurrent Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Siewert II and III Adenocarcinoma at Gastroesophageal Junction. American journal of the medical sciences 2015; 349: 472-476 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25996101/
• 477 Shapiro J, Lanschot J, Hulshof M. et al. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus surgery versus surgery alone for oesophageal or junctional cancer (CROSS): long-term results of a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet. Oncology 2015; 16: 1090-1098 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26254683/
• 478 Lee JL, Park SI, Kim SB. et al. A single institutional phase III trial of preoperative chemotherapy with hyperfractionation radiotherapy plus surgery versus surgery alone for resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2004; 15: 947-954 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15151953
• 479 Cao XF, He XT, Ji L. et al. Effects of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy on pathological staging and prognosis for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Dis Esophagus 2009; 22: 477-481 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19703071
• 480 Lv J, Cao XF, Zhu B. et al. Long-term efficacy of perioperative chemoradiotherapy on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16: 1649-1654 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20355244
• 481 Yang H, Liu H, Chen Y. et al. Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Surgery Versus Surgery Alone for Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus (NEOCRTEC5010): A Phase III Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label Clinical Trial. J Clin Oncol 2018; 36: 2796-2803 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30089078
• 482 Burmeister BH, Smithers BM, Gebski V. et al. Surgery alone versus chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery for resectable cancer of the oesophagus: a randomised controlled phase III trial. Lancet Oncol 2005; 6: 659-668 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16129366/
• 483 Lv J, Cao XF, Zhu B. et al. Long-term efficacy of perioperative chemoradiotherapy on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16: 1649-1654 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20355244/
• 484 Kumagai K, Rouvelas I, Tsai JA. et al. Meta-analysis of postoperative morbidity and perioperative mortality in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for resectable oesophageal and gastro-oesophageal junctional cancers. Br J Surg 2014; 101: 321-338 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24493117/
• 485 Noordman BJ, Verdam MGE, Lagarde SM. et al. Impact of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on health-related quality of life in long-term survivors of esophageal or junctional cancer: results from the randomized CROSS trial. Ann Oncol 2018; 29: 445-451 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29126244
• 486 Mariette C, Dahan L, Mornex F. et al. Surgery alone versus chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery for stage I and II esophageal cancer: final analysis of randomized controlled phase III trial FFCD 9901. J Clin Oncol 2014; 32: 2416-2422 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24982463
• 487 Dresner SM, Lamb PJ, Bennett MK. et al. The pattern of metastatic lymph node dissemination from adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction. Surgery 2001; 129: 103-109 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11150040
• 488 Peyre CG, Hagen JA, DeMeester SR. et al. Predicting systemic disease in patients with esophageal cancer after esophagectomy: a multinational study on the significance of the number of involved lymph nodes. Ann Surg 2008; 248: 979-985 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19092342
• 489 Mariette C, Piessen G, Lamblin A. et al. Impact of preoperative radiochemotherapy on postoperative course and survival in patients with locally advanced squamous cell oesophageal carcinoma. Br J Surg 2006; 93: 1077-1083 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16779882
• 490 Nagaraja V, Cox MR, Eslick GD. Safety and efficacy of esophageal stents preceding or during neoadjuvant chemotherapy for esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gastrointest Oncol 2014; 5: 119-1126 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24772340
• 491 Ahmed O, Bolger JC, O'Neill B. et al. Use of esophageal stents to relieve dysphagia during neoadjuvant therapy prior to esophageal resection: a systematic review. Dis Esophagus 2020; 33: doz090 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31828290
• 492 Helminen O, Kauppila JH, Kyto V. et al. Preoperative esophageal stenting and short-term outcomes of surgery for esophageal cancer in a population-based study from Finland and Sweden. Dis Esophagus 2019; 32: doz005 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30855081
• 493 Reijm AN, Didden P, Schelling SJC. et al. Self-expandable metal stent placement for malignant esophageal strictures – changes in clinical outcomes over time. Endoscopy 2019; 51: 18-29 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29991071
• 494 Mariette C, Gronnier C, Duhamel A. et al. Self-expanding covered metallic stent as a bridge to surgery in esophageal cancer: impact on oncologic outcomes. J Am Coll Surg 2015; 220: 287-296 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25617915/
• 495 Tham JE, Tharian B, Allen PB. et al. Oesophageal Stents for Potentially Curable Oesophageal Cancer – A Bridge to Surgery?. Ulster Med J 2019; 88: 10-14 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30675071
• 496 Spaander MC, Baron TH, Siersema PD. et al. Esophageal stenting for benign and malignant disease: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Clinical Guideline. Endoscopy 2016; 48: 939-948 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27626318
• 497 Stahl M, Walz MK, Stuschke M. et al. Phase III comparison of preoperative chemotherapy compared with chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27: 851-856 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19139439/
• 498 Lordick F. Optimizing neoadjuvant chemotherapy through the use of early response evaluation by positron emission tomography. Recent Results Cancer Res 2012; 196: 201-211 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23129376/
• 499 Weber WA, Ott K, Becker K. et al. Prediction of response to preoperative chemotherapy in adenocarcinomas of the esophagogastric junction by metabolic imaging. J Clin Oncol 2001; 19: 3058-3065 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11408502/
• 500 Ott K, Weber WA, Lordick F. et al. Metabolic imaging predicts response, survival, and recurrence in adenocarcinomas of the esophagogastric junction. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24: 4692-4698 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16966684/
• 501 Ilson DH. Cancer of the gastroesophageal junction: combined modality therapy. Surg.Oncol.Clin.N.Am 2006; 15: 803-824 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17030275/
• 502 Wieder HA, Beer AJ, Lordick F. et al. Comparison of changes in tumor metabolic activity and tumor size during chemotherapy of adenocarcinomas of the esophagogastric junction. J Nucl Med 2005; 46: 2029-2034 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16330567/
• 503 Lordick F, Ott K, Krause BJ. et al. PET to assess early metabolic response and to guide treatment of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagogastric junction: the MUNICON phase II trial. Lancet Oncol 2007; 8: 797-805 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17693134/
• 504 zum Buschenfelde CM, Herrmann K, Schuster T. et al. (18)F-FDG PET-guided salvage neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction: the MUNICON II trial. J Nucl Med 2011; 52: 1189-1196 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21764790/
• 505 Barbour A, Walpole E, Mai G. et al. Preoperative cisplatin, fluorouracil, and docetaxel with or without radiotherapy after poor early response to cisplatin and fluorouracil for resectable oesophageal adenocarcinoma (AGITG DOCTOR): results from a multicentre, randomised controlled phase II trial. Ann Oncol 2020; 31 (02) 236-245 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31959340/
• 506 Goodman K, Ou F, Hall N. et al. Randomized Phase II Study of PET Response-Adapted Combined Modality Therapy for Esophageal Cancer: Mature Results of the CALGB 80803 (Alliance) Trial. J Clin Oncol 2021; 39 (25) 2803-2815 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34077237/
• 507 Gillham CM, Lucey JA, Keogan M. et al. (18)FDG uptake during induction chemoradiation for oesophageal cancer fails to predict histomorphological tumour response. Br J Cancer 2006; 95: 1174-1179 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17024121/
• 508 Klaeser B, Nitzsche E, Schuller JC. et al. Limited predictive value of FDG-PET for response assessment in the preoperative treatment of esophageal cancer: results of a prospective multi-center trial (SAKK 75/02). Onkologie 2009; 32: 724-730 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20016233/
• 509 Malik V, Lucey JA, Duffy GJ. et al. Early repeated 18F-FDG PET scans during neoadjuvant chemoradiation fail to predict histopathologic response or survival benefit in adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. J Nucl Med 2010; 51: 1863-1869 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21078796/
• 510 van Heijl M, Omloo JM, van Berge HenegouwenMI. et al. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for evaluating early response during neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with potentially curable esophageal cancer. Ann Surg 2011; 253: 56-63 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21233607/
• 511 al-Sarraf M, Martz K, Herskovic A. et al. Progress report of combined chemoradiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in patients with esophageal cancer: an intergroup study. J Clin Oncol 1997; 15: 277-284 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8996153/
• 512 Crehange G, Maingon P, Peignaux K. et al. Phase III trial of protracted compared with split-course chemoradiation for esophageal carcinoma: Federation Francophone de Cancerologie Digestive 9102. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25: 4895-4901 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17971585/
• 513 Karran A, Blake P, Chan D. et al. Propensity score analysis of oesophageal cancer treatment with surgery or definitive chemoradiotherapy. Br J Surg 2014; 101: 502-510 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24615406/
• 514 Kato H, Sato A, Fukuda H. et al. A phase II trial of chemoradiotherapy for stage I esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study (JCOG9708). Jpn J Clin Oncol 2009; 39: 638-643 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19549720/
• 515 Kawaguchi Y, Nishiyama K, Miyagi K. et al. Patterns of failure associated with involved field radiotherapy in patients with clinical stage I thoracic esophageal cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2011; 41: 1007-1012 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21665908/
• 516 Kuwano H, Nishimura Y, Ohtsu A. et al. Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of carcinoma of the esophagus. Esophagus 2008; 5: 117-132
• 517 Wong R, Malthaner R. Combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy (without surgery) compared with radiotherapy alone in localized carcinoma of the esophagus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006; 25: Cd002092 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16437440/
• 518 Yamada K, Murakami M, Okamoto Y. et al. Treatment results of chemoradiotherapy for clinical stage I (T1N0M0) esophageal carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006; 64: 1106-1111 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16504758/
• 519 Chang DT, Chapman C, Shen J. et al. Treatment of esophageal cancer based on histology: a surveillance epidemiology and end results analysis. Am.J Clin.Oncol 2009; 32: 405-410 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19415029/
• 520 Semenkovich TR, Meyers BF. Surveillance versus esophagectomy in esophageal cancer patients with a clinical complete response after induction chemoradiation. Ann Transl Med 2018; 6: 81 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29666804
• 521 Wang J, Qin J, Jing S. et al. Clinical complete response after chemoradiotherapy for carcinoma of thoracic esophagus: Is esophagectomy always necessary? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Thorac Cancer 2018; 9: 1638-1647 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30277016
• 522 Markar S, Gronnier C, Duhamel A. et al. Salvage Surgery After Chemoradiotherapy in the Management of Esophageal Cancer: Is It a Viable Therapeutic Option?. J Clin Oncol 2015; 33 (33) 3866-3873 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26195702/
• 523 Gkika E, Gauler T, Eberhardt W. et al. Long-term results of definitive radiochemotherapy in locally advanced cancers of the cervical esophagus. Dis Esophagus 2014; 27: 678-684 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24147973/
• 524 Grass GD, Cooper SL, Armeson K. et al. Cervical esophageal cancer: A population-based study. Head Neck 2014; 37: 808-814 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24616217/
• 525 Burmeister BH, Dickie G, Smithers BM. et al. Thirty-four patients with carcinoma of the cervical esophagus treated with chemoradiation therapy. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000; 126: 205-208 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10680872/
• 526 Ajani JA, Barthel JS, Bentrem DJ. et al. Esophageal and esophagogastric junction cancers. J Natl.Compr.Canc.Netw 2011; 9: 830-887 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21900218/
• 527 Gao X. Treatment guideline of radiotherapy for Chinese esophageal carcinoma (draft). Chin J Cancer 2010; 29: 855-859 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20868554/
• 528 Fenkell L, Kaminsky I, Breen S. et al. Dosimetric comparison of IMRT vs 3D conformal radiotherapy in the treatment of cancer of the cervical esophagus. Radiother Oncol 2008; 89: 287-291 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18789828/
• 529 Ma JB, Song YP, Yu JM. et al. Feasibility of involved-field conformal radiotherapy for cervical and upper-thoracic esophageal cancer. Onkologie 2011; 34: 599-604 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22104156/
• 530 Tai P, Van Dyk J, Battista J. et al. Improving the consistency in cervical esophageal target volume definition by special training. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2002; 53: 766-774 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12062623/
• 531 Ott K, Lordick F, Molls M. et al. Limited resection and free jejunal graft interposition for squamous cell carcinoma of the cervical oesophagus. Br J Surg 2009; 96: 258-266 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19224522/
• 532 Panhofer P, Springer C, Izay B. et al. Influence of resection extent on morbidity in surgery for squamous cell cancer at the pharyngoesophageal junction. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2013; 398: 221-230 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22941244/
• 533 Kranzfelder M, Schuster T, Geinitz H. et al. Meta-analysis of neoadjuvant treatment modalities and definitive non-surgical therapy for oesophageal squamous cell cancer. Br J Surg 2011; 98: 768-783 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21462364/
• 534 Bedenne L, Michel P, Bouche O. et al. Chemoradiation followed by surgery compared with chemoradiation alone in squamous cancer of the esophagus: FFCD 9102. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25: 1160-1168 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17401004/
• 535 Minsky BD, Pajak TF, Ginsberg RJ. et al. INT 0123 (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 94-05) phase III trial of combined-modality therapy for esophageal cancer: high-dose versus standard-dose radiation therapy. J Clin Oncol 2002; 20: 1167-1174 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11870157/
• 536 Li F, Ding N, Zhao Y. et al. The current optimal multimodality treatments for oesophageal squamous-cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Surg 2018; 60: 88-100 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30389537
• 537 Kamarajah S, Phillips A, Hanna G. et al. Definitive Chemoradiotherapy Compared to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy With Esophagectomy for Locoregional Esophageal Cancer: National Population-based Cohort Study. Ann Surg 2022; 275 (03) 526-533 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32865948/
• 538 Crosby T, Hurt CN, Falk S. et al. Chemoradiotherapy with or without cetuximab in patients with oesophageal cancer (SCOPE1): a multicentre, phase 2/3 randomised trial. Lancet Oncol 2013; 14: 627-637 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23623280/
• 539 Meerten E, van Rij C, Tesselaar M. et al. Definitive concurrent chemoradiation (CRT) with weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin for patients (pts) with irresectable esophageal cancer: A phase II study. ASCO Annual Meeting Proceedings 2010; 28: e14508
• 540 Suntharalingam M, Winter K, Ilson D. et al. The Initial Report of Local Control on RTOG 0436: A Phase 3 Trial Evaluating the Addition of Cetuximab to Paclitaxel, Cisplatin, and Radiation for Patients With Esophageal Cancer Treated Without Surgery. International Journal of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics 2014; 90: S3 https://www.redjournal.org/article/S0360-3016(14)03348-3/fulltext
• 541 Stahl M, Stuschke M, Lehmann N. et al. Chemoradiation with and without surgery in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23: 2310-2317 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15800321/
• 542 Hulshof M, Geijsen E, Rozema T. et al. Randomized Study on Dose Escalation in Definitive Chemoradiation for Patients With Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer (ARTDECO Study). J Clin Oncol 2021; 39 (25) 2816-2824 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34101496/
• 543 Kole TP, Aghayere O, Kwah J. et al. Comparison of heart and coronary artery doses associated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy versus three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for distal esophageal cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012; 83: 1580-1586 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22284687/
• 544 Lee HK, Vaporciyan AA, Cox JD. et al. Postoperative pulmonary complications after preoperative chemoradiation for esophageal carcinoma: correlation with pulmonary dose-volume histogram parameters. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2003; 57: 1317-1322 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14630268/
• 545 Ruol A, Rizzetto C, Castoro C. et al. Interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery for squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus: does delayed surgery have an impact on outcome?. Ann Surg 2010; 252: 788-796 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21037434/
• 546 Kim JY, Correa AM, Vaporciyan AA. et al. Does the timing of esophagectomy after chemoradiation affect outcome?. Ann Thorac Surg 2012; 93: 207-212 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21962263/
• 547 Tachimori Y. Role of salvage esophagectomy after definitive chemoradiotherapy. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009; 57: 71-78 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19214447/
• 548 Tomimaru Y, Yano M, Takachi K. et al. Factors affecting the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer undergoing salvage surgery after definitive chemoradiotherapy. J Surg Oncol 2006; 93: 422-428 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16550581/
• 549 Faiz Z, Dijksterhuis WPM, Burgerhof JGM. et al. A meta-analysis on salvage surgery as a potentially curative procedure in patients with isolated local recurrent or persistent esophageal cancer after chemoradiotherapy. Eur J Surg Oncol 2019; 45: 931-940 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30447937
• 550 Marks JL, Hofstetter W, Correa AM. et al. Salvage esophagectomy after failed definitive chemoradiation for esophageal adenocarcinoma. Ann Thorac Surg 2012; 94: 1126-1132 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22921233/
• 551 Taketa T, Xiao L, Sudo K. et al. Propensity-based matching between esophagogastric cancer patients who had surgery and who declined surgery after preoperative chemoradiation. Oncology 2013; 85: 95-99 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23860252/
• 552 Fuchs CS, Tomasek J, Yong CJ. et al. Ramucirumab monotherapy for previously treated advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (REGARD): an international, randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2014; 383: 31-39 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24094768/
• 553 Ariga H, Nemoto K, Miyazaki S. et al. Prospective comparison of surgery alone and chemoradiotherapy with selective surgery in resectable squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009; 75: 348-356 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19735862/
• 554 Cohen C, Tessier W, Gronnier C. et al. Salvage Surgery for Esophageal Cancer: How to Improve Outcomes?. Ann Surg Oncol 2018; 25: 1277-1286 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29417405
• 555 Zheng B, Zheng W, Zhu Y. et al. Role of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in treatment of resectable esophageal carcinoma: a meta-analysis. Chin Med J (Engl.) 2013; 126: 1178-1182 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23506601/
• 556 Thallinger CM, Kiesewetter B, Raderer M. et al. Pre- and postoperative treatment modalities for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Anticancer Res 2012; 32: 4609-4627 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23155224/
• 557 Luo H, Cui YY, Zhang JG. et al. Meta-analysis of survival benefit with postoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients of lymph node positive esophageal carcinoma. Clin Transl Oncol 2018; 20: 889-898 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29143229
• 558 Kang J, Chang JY, Sun X. et al. Role of Postoperative Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Esophageal Carcinoma: A meta-analysis of 2165 Patients. J Cancer 2018; 9: 584-593 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29483964
• 559 Liu T, Liu W, Zhang H. et al. The role of postoperative radiotherapy for radically resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a systemic review and meta-analysis. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10: 4403-4412 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30174889
• 560 Shah MA, Kennedy EB, Catenacci DV. et al. Treatment of Locally Advanced Esophageal Carcinoma: ASCO Guideline. J Clin Oncol 2020; 38: 2677-2694 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32568633
• 561 Rice TW, Rusch VW, Apperson-Hansen C. et al. Worldwide esophageal cancer collaboration. Dis Esophagus 2009; 22: 1-8 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19196264
• 562 Morimoto J, Tanaka H, Ohira M. et al. The impact of the number of occult metastatic lymph nodes on postoperative relapse of resectable esophageal cancer. Dis Esophagus 2014; 27 (01) 63-71 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23480452/
• 563 Tan Z, Ma G, Yang H. et al. Can lymph node ratio replace pn categories in the tumor-node-metastasis classification system for esophageal cancer?. J Thorac Oncol 2014; 9: 1214-1221 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25157776
• 564 Wang N, Jia Y, Wang J. et al. Prognostic significance of lymph node ratio in esophageal cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 36: 2335-2341 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25412956
• 565 Malthaner RA, Wong RK, Rumble RB. et al. Neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy for resectable esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med 2004; 2: 35 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15447788
• 566 Liu T, Liu W, Zhang H. et al. The role of postoperative radiotherapy for radically resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a systemic review and meta-analysis. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10: 4403-4412 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30174889
• 567 Zhang X, Yang X, Ni J. et al. Recommendation for the definition of postoperative radiotherapy target volume based on a pooled analysis of patterns of failure after radical surgery among patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Radiat Oncol 2018; 13: 255 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30587211
• 568 Fok M, Sham JS, Choy D. et al. Postoperative radiotherapy for carcinoma of the esophagus: a prospective, randomized controlled study. Surgery 1993; 113: 138-147 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8430362
• 569 Teniere P, Hay JM, Fingerhut A. et al. Postoperative radiation therapy does not increase survival after curative resection for squamous cell carcinoma of the middle and lower esophagus as shown by a multicenter controlled trial French University Association for Surgical Research. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1991; 173: 123-130 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1925862
• 570 Deng W, Yang J, Ni W. et al. Postoperative Radiotherapy in Pathological T2-3N0M0 Thoracic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Interim Report of a Prospective, Phase III, Randomized Controlled Study. Oncologist 2020; 25: e701-e708 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32083766
• 571 Zhao XH, Wang D, Wang F. et al. Comparison of the effect of postoperative radiotherapy with surgery alone for esophagus squamous cell carcinoma patients: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97: e13168 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30461614
• 572 Ni W, Yu S, Xiao Z. et al. Postoperative Adjuvant Therapy Versus Surgery Alone for Stage IIB-III Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Phase III Randomized Controlled Trial. Oncologist 2021; 26 (12) e2151-e2160 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34309117/
• 573 Ohri N, Garg MK, Aparo S. et al. Who benefits from adjuvant radiation therapy for gastric cancer? A meta-analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013; 86: 330-335 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23523184/
• 574 Bamias A, Karina M, Papakostas P. et al. A randomized phase III study of adjuvant platinum/docetaxel chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy in patients with gastric cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2010; 65: 1009-1021 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20130877/
• 575 Lee J, Lim DH, Kim S. et al. Phase III trial comparing capecitabine plus cisplatin versus capecitabine plus cisplatin with concurrent capecitabine radiotherapy in completely resected gastric cancer with D2 lymph node dissection: the ARTIST trial. J Clin Oncol 2012; 30: 268-273 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22184384
• 576 Lee J, Lim doH, Kim S. et al. Phase III trial comparing capecitabine plus cisplatin versus capecitabine plus cisplatin with concurrent capecitabine radiotherapy in completely resected gastric cancer with D2 lymph node dissection: the ARTIST trial. J Clin Oncol 2012; 30: 268-273 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22184384/
• 577 Macdonald JS, Smalley SR, Benedetti J. et al. Chemoradiotherapy after surgery compared with surgery alone for adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction. N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 725-730 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11547741/
• 578 Kwon HC, Kim MC, Kim KH. et al. Adjuvant chemoradiation versus chemotherapy in completely resected advanced gastric cancer with D2 nodal dissection. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2010; 6: 278-285 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21114777/
• 579 Fuchs CS, Niedzwiecki D, Mamon HJ. et al. Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy With Epirubicin, Cisplatin, and Fluorouracil Compared With Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy With Fluorouracil and Leucovorin After Curative Resection of Gastric Cancer: Results From CALGB 80101 (Alliance). J Clin Oncol 2017; 35: 3671-3677 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28976791
• 580 Park S, Lim D, Sohn T. et al. A randomized phase III trial comparing adjuvant single-agent S1, S-1 with oxaliplatin, and postoperative chemoradiation with S-1 and oxaliplatin in patients with node-positive gastric cancer after D2 resection: the ARTIST 2 trial. Ann Oncol 2021; 32 (03) 368-374 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33278599/
• 581 Paoletti X, Oba K, Burzykowski T. et al. Benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy for resectable gastric cancer: a meta-analysis. Jama 2010; 303: 1729-1737 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20442389/
• 582 Bang Y, Kim Y, Yang H. et al. Adjuvant capecitabine and oxaliplatin for gastric cancer after D2 gastrectomy (CLASSIC): a phase 3 open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2012; 379: 315-321 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22226517/
• 583 Kelly R, Ajani J, Kuzdzal J. et al. Adjuvant Nivolumab in Resected Esophageal or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer. N Engl J Med 2021; 384 (13) 1191-1203 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33789008/
• 584 Pape M, Vissers PA, Beerepoot L. et al. Disease-free and overall survival in nonmetastatic esophageal or gastroesophageal junctional cancer after treatment with curative intent: A nationwide population-based study. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2021; 39: 246
• 585 Abate E, DeMeester SR, Zehetner J. et al. Recurrence after esophagectomy for adenocarcinoma: defining optimal follow-up intervals and testing. J Am Coll Surg 2010; 210: 428-435 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20347734/
• 586 Mantziari S, Allemann P, Dayer A. et al. [Gastroesophageal cancer: an update on diagnosis and treatment]. Rev Med Suisse 2014; 10: 1331-1336 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25051595/
• 587 Kroese T, van Laarhoven H, Nilsson M. et al. Definition of oligometastatic esophagogastric cancer and impact of local oligometastasis-directed treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer 2022; 166: 254-269 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35339868/
• 588 Bjerring O, Fristrup C, Pfeiffer P. et al. Phase II randomized clinical trial of endosonography and PET/CT versus clinical assessment only for follow-up after surgery for upper gastrointestinal cancer (EUFURO study). Br J Surg 2019; 106 (13) 1761-1768 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31595970/
• 589 Ouattara M, D'Journo XB, Loundou A. et al. Body mass index kinetics and risk factors of malnutrition one year after radical oesophagectomy for cancer. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2012; 41: 1088-1093 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22334635/
• 590 Haverkort EB, Binnekade JM, de Haan RJ. et al. Suboptimal intake of nutrients after esophagectomy with gastric tube reconstruction. J Acad Nutr Diet 2012; 112: 1080-1087 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22889637/
• 591 Koterazawa Y, Oshikiri T, Hasegawa H. et al. Routine placement of feeding jejunostomy tube during esophagectomy increases postoperative complications and does not improve postoperative malnutrition. Dis Esophagus 2020; 33 (01) doz021 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30997494/
• 592 Wobith M, Wehle L, Haberzettl D. et al. Needle Catheter Jejunostomy in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Upper Gastrointestinal and Pancreato-Biliary Cancer-Impact on Nutritional and Clinical Outcome in the Early and Late Postoperative Period. Nutrients 2020; 12 (09) 2564 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32854177/
• 593 Ryan AM, Rowley SP, Healy LA. et al. Post-oesophagectomy early enteral nutrition via a needle catheter jejunostomy: 8-year experience at a specialist unit. Clin Nutr 2006; 25: 386-393 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16697499/
• 594 Weimann A, Braga M, Carli F. et al. ESPEN guideline: Clinical nutrition in surgery. Clin Nutr 2017; 36: 623-650 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28385477
• 595 Chen X, Zhao G, Zhu L. Home enteral nutrition for postoperative elderly patients with esophageal cancer. Ann Palliat Med 2021; 10 (01) 278-284 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33545764/
• 596 Xueting H, Li L, Meng Y. et al. Home enteral nutrition and oral nutritional supplements in postoperative patients with upper gastrointestinal malignancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr 2021; 40 (05) 3082-3093 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33279310/
• 597 Mishra SI, Scherer RW, Snyder C. et al. Exercise interventions on health-related quality of life for people with cancer during active treatment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 8: Cd008465 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22895974/
• 598 Bourke L, Homer KE, Thaha MA. et al. Interventions to improve exercise behaviour in sedentary people living with and beyond cancer: a systematic review. Br J Cancer 2014; 110: 831-841 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24335923/
• 599 Rock CL, Doyle C, Demark-Wahnefried W. et al. Nutrition and physical activity guidelines for cancer survivors. CA Cancer J Clin 2012; 62: 243-274 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22539238/
• 600 Mishra SI, Scherer RW, Geigle PM. et al. Exercise interventions on health-related quality of life for cancer survivors. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 8: Cd007566 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22895961/
• 601 Haun M, Estel S, Rücker G. et al. Early palliative care for adults with advanced cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017; 6: CD011129 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28603881/
• 602 Adler K, Schlieper D, Kindgen-Milles D. et al. [Integration of palliative care into intensive care: Systematic review]. Anaesthesist 2017; 66 (09) 660-666 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28589374/
• 603 Dalgaard K, Bergenholtz H, Nielsen M. et al. Early integration of palliative care in hospitals: A systematic review on methods, barriers, and outcome. Palliat Support Care 2014; 12 (06) 495-513 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24621947/
• 604 Davis M, Temel J, Balboni T. et al. A review of the trials which examine early integration of outpatient and home palliative care for patients with serious illnesses. Ann Palliat Med 2015; 4 (03) 99-121 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26231807/
• 605 Gaertner J, Siemens W, Meerpohl J. et al. Effect of specialist palliative care services on quality of life in adults with advanced incurable illness in hospital, hospice, or community settings: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2017; 357: j2925 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28676557/
• 606 Hui D, Kim Y, Park J. et al. Integration of oncology and palliative care: a systematic review. Oncologist 2015; 20 (01) 77-83 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25480826/
• 607 Tassinari D, Drudi F, Monterubbianesi M. et al. Early Palliative Care in Advanced Oncologic and Non-Oncologic Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review of Literature. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2016; 11 (01) 63-71 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26464077/
• 608 Leitlinienprogramm Onkologie der AWMF DKeVuDK. Erweiterte S3-Leitlinie Palliativmedizin für Patienten mit einer nicht-heilbaren Krebserkrankung. Langversion 2.2, 2020, AWMF-Registernummer: 128/001OL. 2020 https://www.leitlinienprogramm-onkologie.de/leitlinien/palliativmedizin/
• 609 Hui D, Meng Y, Bruera S. et al. Referral Criteria for Outpatient Palliative Cancer Care: A Systematic Review. Oncologist 2016; 21 (07) 895-901 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27185614/
• 610 Ross P, Nicolson M, Cunningham D. et al. Prospective randomized trial comparing mitomycin, cisplatin, and protracted venous-infusion fluorouracil (PVI 5-FU) With epirubicin, cisplatin, and PVI 5-FU in advanced esophagogastric cancer. J Clin Oncol 2002; 20: 1996-2004 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11956258/
• 611 Van Cutsem E, Moiseyenko VM, Tjulandin S. et al. Phase III study of docetaxel and cisplatin plus fluorouracil compared with cisplatin and fluorouracil as first-line therapy for advanced gastric cancer: a report of the V325 Study Group. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24: 4991-4997 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17075117/
• 612 Cunningham D, Starling N, Rao S. et al. Capecitabine and oxaliplatin for advanced esophagogastric cancer. N Engl J Med 2008; 358: 36-46 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18172173/
• 613 Webb A, Cunningham D, Scarffe JH. et al. Randomized trial comparing epirubicin, cisplatin, and fluorouracil versus fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and methotrexate in advanced esophagogastric cancer. J Clin Oncol 1997; 15: 261-267 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8996151/
• 614 Ajani JA, Rodriguez W, Bodoky G. et al. Multicenter phase III comparison of cisplatin/S-1 with cisplatin/infusional fluorouracil in advanced gastric or gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma study: the FLAGS trial. J Clin.Oncol 2010; 28: 1547-1553 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20159816/
• 615 Al-Batran SE, Hartmann JT, Probst S. et al. Phase III trial in metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma with fluorouracil, leucovorin plus either oxaliplatin or cisplatin: a study of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Internistische Onkologie. J Clin.Oncol 2008; 26: 1435-1442 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18349393/
• 616 Kang YK, Kang WK, Shin DB. et al. Capecitabine/cisplatin versus 5-fluorouracil/cisplatin as first-line therapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer: a randomised phase III noninferiority trial. Ann Oncol 2009; 20: 666-673 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19153121/
• 617 Okines AF, Norman AR, McCloud P. et al. Meta-analysis of the REAL-2 and ML17032 trials: evaluating capecitabine-based combination chemotherapy and infused 5-fluorouracil-based combination chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced oesophago-gastric cancer. Ann.Oncol 2009; 20: 1529-1534 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19474114/
• 618 Janjigian Y, Shitara K, Moehler M. et al. First-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for advanced gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (CheckMate 649): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2021; 398: 27-40 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34102137/
• 619 Sun J, Shen L, Shah M. et al. Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for first-line treatment of advanced oesophageal cancer (KEYNOTE-590): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study. Lancet 2021; 398: 759-771 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34454674/
• 620 Lutz MP, Wilke H, Wagener DJ. et al. Weekly infusional high-dose fluorouracil (HD-FU), HD-FU plus folinic acid (HD-FU/FA), or HD-FU/FA plus biweekly cisplatin in advanced gastric cancer: randomized phase II trial 40953 of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Gastrointestinal Group and the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Internistische Onkologie. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25: 2580-2585 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17577037/
• 621 Al-Batran SE, Hartmann JT, Hofheinz R. et al. Biweekly fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel (FLOT) for patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach or esophagogastric junction: a phase II trial of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Internistische Onkologie. Ann Oncol 2008; 19: 1882-1887 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18669868/
• 622 NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Esophageal and Esophagastric Junction Cancers National Comprehensive Cancer Network. 2011
• 623 Guimbaud R, Louvet C, Ries P. et al. Prospective, randomized, multicenter, phase III study of fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan versus epirubicin, cisplatin, and capecitabine in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma: a French intergroup (Fédération Francophone de Cancérologie Digestive, Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer, and Groupe Coopérateur Multidisciplinaire en Oncologie) study. J Clin Oncol 2014; 32 (31) 3520-3526 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25287828/
• 624 Shah M, Janjigian Y, Stoller R. et al. Randomized Multicenter Phase II Study of Modified Docetaxel, Cisplatin, and Fluorouracil (DCF) Versus DCF Plus Growth Factor Support in Patients With Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma: A Study of the US Gastric Cancer Consortium. J Clin Oncol 2015; 33 (33) 3874-3879 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26438119/
• 625 Xiang XJ, Zhang L, Qiu F. et al. A phase II study of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin as first-line chemotherapy in elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer. Chemotherapy 2012; 58: 1-7 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22310723/
• 626 Catalano V, Bisonni R, Graziano F. et al. A phase II study of modified FOLFOX as first-line chemotherapy for metastatic gastric cancer in elderly patients with associated diseases. Gastric Cancer 2013; 16: 411-419 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23065042/
• 627 Al-Batran SE, Pauligk C, Homann N. et al. The feasibility of triple-drug chemotherapy combination in older adult patients with oesophagogastric cancer: a randomised trial of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Internistische Onkologie (FLOT65+). Eur J Cancer 2013; 49: 835-842 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23063354/
• 628 Hall PS, Lord SR, Collinson M. et al. A randomised phase II trial and feasibility study of palliative chemotherapy in frail or elderly patients with advanced gastroesophageal cancer (321GO). Br J Cancer 2017; 116: 472-478 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28095397/
• 629 Tabernero J, Hoff PM, Shen L. et al. Pertuzumab plus trastuzumab and chemotherapy for HER2-positive metastatic gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (JACOB): final analysis of a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 study. Lancet Oncol 2018; 19: 1372-1384 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30217672
• 630 Thuss-Patience PC, Shah MA, Ohtsu A. et al. Trastuzumab emtansine versus taxane use for previously treated HER2-positive locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (GATSBY): an international randomised, open-label, adaptive, phase 2/3 study. Lancet Oncol 2017; 18: 640-653 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28343975/
• 631 Doki Y, Ajani J, Kato K. et al. Nivolumab Combination Therapy in Advanced Esophageal Squamous-Cell Carcinoma. N Engl J Med 2022; 386 (05) 449-462 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35108470/
• 632 Luo H, Lu J, Bai Y. et al. Effect of Camrelizumab vs Placebo Added to Chemotherapy on Survival and Progression-Free Survival in Patients With Advanced or Metastatic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The ESCORT-1st Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2021; 326 (10) 916-925 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34519801/
• 633 Grunberger B, Raderer M, Schmidinger M. et al. Palliative chemotherapy for recurrent and metastatic esophageal cancer. Anticancer Res 2007; 27: 2705-2714 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17695436/
• 634 NCCN practice guidelines for the management of psychosocial distress National Comprehensive Cancer Network. 1999
• 635 Noronha V, Patil VM, Menon NS. et al. Phase III randomized controlled trial comparing chemotherapy to best supportive care in advanced esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2022; 40: 4065
• 636 Yoon H, Kato K, Raymond E. et al. LBA-1 RATIONALE-306: Randomized, global, placebo-controlled, double-blind phase 3 study of tislelizumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Annals of Oncology 2022; 33: S375
• 637 Adam R, Chiche L, Aloia T. et al. Hepatic resection for noncolorectal nonendocrine liver metastases: analysis of 1,452 patients and development of a prognostic model. Ann Surg 2006; 244: 524-535 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16998361/
• 638 Shiono S, Kawamura M, Sato T. et al. Disease-free interval length correlates to prognosis of patients who underwent metastasectomy for esophageal lung metastases. J Thorac Oncol 2008; 3: 1046-1049 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18758309/
• 639 Ichikawa H, Kosugi S, Nakagawa S. et al. Operative treatment for metachronous pulmonary metastasis from esophageal carcinoma. Surgery 2011; 149: 164-170 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20817205/
• 640 Ichida H, Imamura H, Yoshimoto J. et al. Pattern of postoperative recurrence and hepatic and/or pulmonary resection for liver and/or lung metastases from esophageal carcinoma. World J Surg 2013; 37: 398-407 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23142988/
• 641 Miyata H, Yamasaki M, Takiguchi S. et al. Salvage esophagectomy after definitive chemoradiotherapy for thoracic esophageal cancer. J Surg Oncol 2009; 100: 442-446 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653262/
• 642 Morita M, Kumashiro R, Hisamatsu Y. et al. Clinical significance of salvage esophagectomy for remnant or recurrent cancer following definitive chemoradiotherapy. J Gastroenterol 2011; 46: 1284-1291 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21818602/
• 643 Schieman C, Wigle DA, Deschamps C. et al. Salvage resections for recurrent or persistent cancer of the proximal esophagus after chemoradiotherapy. Ann Thorac Surg 2013; 95: 459-463 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23245442/
• 644 Thuss-Patience PC, Kretzschmar A, Bichev D. et al. Survival advantage for irinotecan versus best supportive care as second-line chemotherapy in gastric cancer--a randomised phase III study of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Internistische Onkologie (AIO). Eur J Cancer 2011; 47: 2306-2314 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21742485/
• 645 Hironaka S, Ueda S, Yasui H. et al. Randomized, open-label, phase III study comparing irinotecan with paclitaxel in patients with advanced gastric cancer without severe peritoneal metastasis after failure of prior combination chemotherapy using fluoropyrimidine plus platinum: WJOG 4007 trial. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31: 4438-4444 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24190112/
• 646 Ford HE, Marshall A, Bridgewater JA. et al. Docetaxel versus active symptom control for refractory oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma (COUGAR-02): an open-label, phase 3 randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 2014; 15: 78-86 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24332238/
• 647 Wilke H, Muro K, Van Cutsem E. et al. Ramucirumab plus paclitaxel versus placebo plus paclitaxel in patients with previously treated advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (RAINBOW): a double-blind, randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2014; 15: 1224-1235 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25240821/
• 648 Shitara K, Doi T, Dvorkin M. et al. Trifluridine/tipiracil versus placebo in patients with heavily pretreated metastatic gastric cancer (TAGS): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2018; 19 (11) 1437-1448 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30355453/
• 649 Fuchs C, Doi T, Jang R. et al. Safety and Efficacy of Pembrolizumab Monotherapy in Patients With Previously Treated Advanced Gastric and Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer: Phase 2 Clinical KEYNOTE-059 Trial. JAMA Oncol 2018; 4 (05) e180013 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29543932/
• 650 Shitara K, Van Cutsem E, Bang Y. et al. Efficacy and Safety of Pembrolizumab or Pembrolizumab Plus Chemotherapy vs Chemotherapy Alone for Patients With First-line, Advanced Gastric Cancer: The KEYNOTE-062 Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncol 2020; 6 (10) 1571-1580 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32880601/
• 651 Janjigian YY, Ajani JA, Moehler M. et al. LBA7 Nivolumab (NIVO) plus chemotherapy (Chemo) or ipilimumab (IPI) vs chemo as first-line (1L) treatment for advanced gastric cancer/gastroesophageal junction cancer/esophageal adenocarcinoma (GC/GEJC/EAC): CheckMate 649 study. Annals of Oncology 2021; 32: S1329-S1330
• 652 Shitara K, Ozguroglu M, Bang YJ. et al. Pembrolizumab versus paclitaxel for previously treated, advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (KEYNOTE-061): a randomised, open-label, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2018; 392: 123-133 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29880231
• 653 Fuchs CS, Niedzwiecki D, Mamon HJ. et al. Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy With Epirubicin, Cisplatin, and Fluorouracil Compared With Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy With Fluorouracil and Leucovorin After Curative Resection of Gastric Cancer: Results From CALGB 80101 (Alliance). J Clin Oncol 2017; 35: 3671-3677 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28976791
• 654 Shitara K, Bang Y, Iwasa S. et al. Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Previously Treated HER2-Positive Gastric Cancer. N Engl J Med 2020; 382 (25) 2419-2430 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32469182/
• 655 Kato K, Cho BC, Takahashi M. et al. Nivolumab versus chemotherapy in patients with advanced oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma refractory or intolerant to previous chemotherapy (ATTRACTION-3): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2019; 20: 1506-1517 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31582355
• 656 Huang J, Xu J, Chen Y. et al. Camrelizumab versus investigator's choice of chemotherapy as second-line therapy for advanced or metastatic oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCORT): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet Oncol 2020; 21 (06) 832-842 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32416073/
• 657 Shen L, Kato K, Kim S. et al. Tislelizumab Versus Chemotherapy as Second-Line Treatment for Advanced or Metastatic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (RATIONALE-302): A Randomized Phase III Study. J Clin Oncol 2022; 40 (26) 3065-3076 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35442766/
• 658 Thallinger CM, Raderer M, Hejna M. Esophageal cancer: a critical evaluation of systemic second-line therapy. J Clin Oncol 2011; 29: 4709-4714 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22067408/
• 659 Shah MA, Kojima T, Hochhauser D. et al. Efficacy and Safety of Pembrolizumab for Heavily Pretreated Patients With Advanced, Metastatic Adenocarcinoma or Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus: The Phase 2 KEYNOTE-180 Study. JAMA Oncol 2019; 5: 546-550 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30570649
• 660 Amdal CD, Jacobsen AB, Guren MG. et al. Patient-reported outcomes evaluating palliative radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with oesophageal cancer: a systematic review. Acta Oncol 2013; 52: 679-690 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23190360/
• 661 Sgourakis G, Gockel I, Karaliotas C. et al. Survival after chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy versus self-expanding metal stent insertion in the setting of inoperable esophageal cancer: a case-control study. BMC.Cancer 2012; 12: 70 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22336151/
• 662 Javed A, Pal S, Dash NR. et al. Palliative stenting with or without radiotherapy for inoperable esophageal carcinoma: a randomized trial. J Gastrointest.Cancer 2012; 43: 63-69 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20835926/
• 663 Amdal CD, Jacobsen AB, Sandstad B. et al. Palliative brachytherapy with or without primary stent placement in patients with oesophageal cancer, a randomised phase III trial. Radiother Oncol 2013; 107: 428-433 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23647761/
• 664 Homs MY, Steyerberg EW, Eijkenboom WM. et al. Single-dose brachytherapy versus metal stent placement for the palliation of dysphagia from oesophageal cancer: multicentre randomised trial. Lancet 2004; 364: 1497-1504 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15500894/
• 665 Rosenblatt E, Jones G, Sur RK. et al. Adding external beam to intra-luminal brachytherapy improves palliation in obstructive squamous cell oesophageal cancer: a prospective multi-centre randomized trial of the International Atomic Energy Agency. Radiother.Oncol 2010; 97: 488-494 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20950882/
• 666 Sgourakis G, Gockel I, Radtke A. et al. The use of self-expanding stents in esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer palliation: a meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis of outcomes. Dig.Dis.Sci 2010; 55: 3018-3030 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20440646/
• 667 Sabharwal T, Hamady MS, Chui S. et al. A randomised prospective comparison of the Flamingo Wallstent and Ultraflex stent for palliation of dysphagia associated with lower third oesophageal carcinoma. Gut 2003; 52: 922-926 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12801944/
• 668 Shenfine J, McNamee P, Steen N. et al. A pragmatic randomised controlled trial of the cost-effectiveness of palliative therapies for patients with inoperable oesophageal cancer. Health Technol Assess 2005; 9: 1-121 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15717937/
• 669 Vakil N, Morris AI, Marcon N. et al. A prospective, randomized, controlled trial of covered expandable metal stents in the palliation of malignant esophageal obstruction at the gastroesophageal junction. Am J Gastroenterol 2001; 96: 1791-1796 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11419831/
• 670 Didden P, Reijm AN, Erler NS. et al. Fully vs partially covered selfexpandable metal stent for palliation of malignant esophageal strictures: a randomized trial (the COPAC study). Endoscopy 2018; 50: 961-971 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29895072
• 671 Wang C, Wei H, Li Y. Comparison of fully-covered vs partially covered self-expanding metallic stents for palliative treatment of inoperable esophageal malignancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2020; 20 (01) 73 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32000719/
• 672 Miyayama S, Matsui O, Kadoya M. et al. Malignant esophageal stricture and fistula: palliative treatment with polyurethane-covered Gianturco stent. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1995; 6: 243-248 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7540443/
• 673 Alexander EP, Trachiotis GD, Lipman TO. et al. Evolving management and outcome of esophageal cancer with airway involvement. Ann Thorac Surg 2001; 71: 1640-1644 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11383814/
• 674 Conio M, Repici A, Battaglia G. et al. A randomized prospective comparison of self-expandable plastic stents and partially covered self-expandable metal stents in the palliation of malignant esophageal dysphagia. Am J Gastroenterol 2007; 102: 2667-2677 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18042102/
• 675 Pandit S, Samant H, Morris J. et al. Efficacy and safety of standard and anti-reflux self-expanding metal stent: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2019; 11: 271-280 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31040888
• 676 Dua K, DeWitt J, Kessler W. et al. A phase III, multicenter, prospective, single-blinded, noninferiority, randomized controlled trial on the performance of a novel esophageal stent with an antireflux valve (with video). Gastrointest Endosc 2019; 90 (01) 64-74 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30684601/
• 677 Yang Z, Geng H, Wu H. Radioactive Stent for Malignant Esophageal Obstruction: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2021; 31 (07) 783-789 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32915105/
• 678 Lu YF, Chung CS, Liu CY. et al. Esophageal Metal Stents with Concurrent Chemoradiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer: Safe or Not?. Oncologist 2018; 23: 1426-1435 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29728468
• 679 Ribeiro MSI, da Costa MartinsB, Simas de Lima M. et al. Self-expandable metal stent for malignant esophagorespiratory fistula: predictive factors associated with clinical failure. Gastrointest Endosc 2018; 87: 390-396 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28964748
• 680 Adamson D, Byrne A, Porter C. et al. Palliative radiotherapy after oesophageal cancer stenting (ROCS): a multicentre, open-label, phase 3 randomised controlled trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 6 (04) 292-303 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33610215/
• 681 Xu Z, Liu H, Li S. et al. Palliative radiotherapy combined with stent insertion to relieve dysphagia in advanced esophageal carcinoma patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12: 986828 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36172146/
• 682 Bergquist H, Wenger U, Johnsson E. et al. Stent insertion or endoluminal brachytherapy as palliation of patients with advanced cancer of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction Results of a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Dis.Esophagus 2005; 18: 131-139 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16045572/
• 683 Wenger U, Johnsson E, Arnelo U. et al. An antireflux stent versus conventional stents for palliation of distal esophageal or cardia cancer: a randomized clinical study. Surg.Endosc 2006; 20: 1675-1680 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16960663/
• 684 Bergquist H, Johnsson E, Nyman J. et al. Combined stent insertion and single high-dose brachytherapy in patients with advanced esophageal cancer--results of a prospective safety study. Dis Esophagus 2012; 25: 410-415 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21899654/
• 685 Carazzone A, Bonavina L, Segalin A. et al. Endoscopic palliation of oesophageal cancer: results of a prospective comparison of Nd:YAG laser and ethanol injection. Eur J Surg 1999; 165: 351-356 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10365837/
• 686 Spencer GM, Thorpe SM, Blackman GM. et al. Laser augmented by brachytherapy versus laser alone in the palliation of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus and cardia: a randomised study. Gut 2002; 50: 224-227 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11788564/
• 687 Norberto L, Ranzato R, Marino S. et al. Endoscopic palliation of esophageal and cardial cancer: neodymium-yttrium aluminum garnet laser therapy. Dis Esophagus 1999; 12: 294-296 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10770365/
• 688 Loizou LA, Grigg D, Atkinson M. et al. A prospective comparison of laser therapy and intubation in endoscopic palliation for malignant dysphagia. Gastroenterology 1991; 100: 1303-1310 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1707386/
• 689 Carter R, Smith JS, Anderson JR. Laser recanalization versus endoscopic intubation in the palliation of malignant dysphagia: a randomized prospective study. Br J Surg 1992; 79: 1167-1170 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1281732/
• 690 Barr H, Krasner N, Raouf A. et al. Prospective randomised trial of laser therapy only and laser therapy followed by endoscopic intubation for the palliation of malignant dysphagia. Gut 1990; 31: 252-258 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1691125/
• 691 Manner H, May A, Faerber M. et al. The tissue effect of second generation argon plasma coagulation (VIO APC) in comparison to standard APC and Nd:YAG laser in vitro. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2007; 70: 352-356 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18330091/
• 692 Eickhoff A, Jakobs R, Schilling D. et al. Prospective nonrandomized comparison of two modes of argon beamer (APC) tumor desobstruction: effectiveness of the new pulsed APC versus forced APC. Endoscopy 2007; 39: 637-642 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17611919/
• 693 Manner H, May A, Rabenstein T. et al. Prospective evaluation of a new high-power argon plasma coagulation system (hp-APC) in therapeutic gastrointestinal endoscopy. Scand J Gastroenterol 2007; 42: 397-405 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17354121/
• 694 Hanada Y, Leggett C, Iyer P. et al. Spray cryotherapy prevents need for palliative stenting in patients with esophageal cancer-associated dysphagia. Dis Esophagus 2022; 35 (01) doab051 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34318325/
• 695 Kachaamy T, Prakash R, Kundranda M. et al. Liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy for dysphagia palliation in patients with inoperable esophageal cancer. Gastrointest Endosc 2018; 88 (03) 447-455 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29750984/
• 696 Rupinski M, Zagorowicz E, Regula J. et al. Randomized comparison of three palliative regimens including brachytherapy, photodynamic therapy, and APC in patients with malignant dysphagia (CONSORT 1a) (Revised II). The American.journal of gastroenterology 2011; 9: 1612-1620 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21670770/
• 697 Dempster M, McCorry NK, Brennan E. et al. Psychological distress among survivors of esophageal cancer: the role of illness cognitions and coping. Dis Esophagus 2012; 25: 222-227 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21819485/
• 698 Djärv T, Lagergren P. Six-month postoperative quality of life predicts long-term survival after oesophageal cancer surgery. European journal of cancer 2011; 47: 530-535 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21074989/
• 699 Heijl M, Sprangers MG, Boer AEM. et al. Preoperative and Early Postoperative Quality of Life Predict Survival in Potentially Curable Patients with Esophageal Cancer. Annals of Surgical Oncology 2010; 17: 23-30 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19830496/
• 700 Gockel I, Gönner U, Domeyer M. et al. Long-term survivors of esophageal cancer: Disease-specific quality of life, general health and complications. Journal of Surgical Oncology 2010; 102: 516-522 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19877161/
• 701 National Comprehensive Cancer Network Distress Management NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. 2011
• 702 Herschbach PWJ. Screeningverfahren in der PsychoonkologieTestinstrumente zur Identifikation betreuungsbeduerftiger Krebspatienten. Dt. Krebsgesellschaft. 2010 http://www.krebsgesellschaft.de/download/pso_broschuere.pdf
• 703 Mehnert A, Lehmann C, Cao P. et al. [Assessment of psychosocial distress and resources in oncology--a literature review about screening measures and current developments]. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2006; 56: 462-479 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17160791/
• 704 Mitchell AJ. Short screening tools for cancer-related distress: a review and diagnostic validity meta-analysis. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2010; 8: 487-494 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20410338/
• 705 Vodermaier A, Linden W, Siu C. Screening for emotional distress in cancer patients: a systematic review of assessment instruments. J Natl Cancer Inst 2009; 101: 1464-1488 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19826136/
• 706 Vodermaier A, Millman RD. Accuracy of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale as a screening tool in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Support Care Cancer 2011; 19: 1899-1908 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21898134/
• 707 Weis J, Schumacher A, Blettner G. Psychoonkologie: Konzepte und Aufgaben einer jungen Fachdisziplin. Der Onkologe 2007; 13: 185-194 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262829754_Psychoonkologie_Konzepte_und_Aufgaben_einer_jungen_Fachdisziplin
• 708 Faller H, Schuler M, Richard M. et al. Effects of psycho-oncologic interventions on emotional distress and quality of life in adult patients with cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31: 782-793 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23319686/
• 709 Hamano J, Morita T, Inoue S. et al. Surprise Questions for Survival Prediction in Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study. Oncologist 2015; 20 (07) 839-844 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26054631/
• 710 Moroni M, Zocchi D, Bolognesi D. et al. The 'surprise' question in advanced cancer patients: A prospective study among general practitioners. Palliat Med 2014; 28 (07) 959-964 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24662237/
• 711 Murray S, Boyd K. Using the 'surprise question' can identify people with advanced heart failure and COPD who would benefit from a palliative care approach. Palliat Med 2011; 25 (04) 382 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21610113/
• 712 Moss A, Lunney J, Culp S. et al. Prognostic significance of the "surprise" question in cancer patients. J Palliat Med 2010; 13 (07) 837-840 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20636154/
• 713 Schuler US, Hornemann B. Hoffnung und „double awareness“ in der palliativen Onkologie. Fokus 2020; 35: 219-222
• 714 Chen C, Kuo S, Tang S. Current status of accurate prognostic awareness in advanced/terminally ill cancer patients: Systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Palliat Med 2017; 31 (05) 406-418 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27492160/
• 715 Ärztliches Zentrum für Qualität in der Medizin (ÄZQ). Manual Qualitätsindikatoren 2009; 36 http://www.aezq.de/aezq/publikationen/schriftenreihe
• 716 Leitlinienprogramm Onkologie (Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft D. Entwicklung von leitlinienbasierten Qualitätsindikatoren Methodenpapier für das Leitlinienprogramm Onkologie, Version 30. 2021 https://www.leitlinienprogramm-onkologie.de/methodik/grundlegende-informationen-zur-methodik/
• 717 Vlayen Joan, De Gendt Cindy, Stordeur Sabine. et al. Quality indicators for the management of upper gastrointestinal cancer. 2013 https://kce.fgov.be/publication/report/quality-indicators-for-the-management-of-upper-gastrointestinal-cancer#.VRpuXeHbw20
• 718 Walters DM, McMurry TL, Isbell JM. et al. Understanding mortality as a quality indicator after esophagectomy. Ann Thorac Surg 2014; 98: 506-511 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24841544/
• 719 Talsma AK, Lingsma HF, Steyerberg EW. et al. The 30-day versus in-hospital and 90-day mortality after esophagectomy as indicators for quality of care. Ann Surg 2014; 260: 267-273 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25350650/