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Horm Metab Res 2024; 56(02): 118-127
DOI: 10.1055/a-2209-0538
Review

Metabolic Syndrome Components in Patients with Pituitary Adenoma

Jorge A. Gonzalez-Almazan
1   Research Division, General Hospital of Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
2   Functional & Stereotactic Neurosurgery Unit, General Hospital of Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
3   Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
,
Ana Paula Cortes-Contreras
1   Research Division, General Hospital of Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
2   Functional & Stereotactic Neurosurgery Unit, General Hospital of Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
4   Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
,
Regina Flores-Rabasa
1   Research Division, General Hospital of Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
5   Faculty of Health Sciences, Anahuac University Mexico – Southern Campus, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
,
Lucia A. Mendez-Garcia
1   Research Division, General Hospital of Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
,
Galileo Escobedo
1   Research Division, General Hospital of Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
,
José L. Navarro Olvera
2   Functional & Stereotactic Neurosurgery Unit, General Hospital of Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
,
José D. Carrillo-Ruiz
1   Research Division, General Hospital of Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
2   Functional & Stereotactic Neurosurgery Unit, General Hospital of Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
6   Coordination of Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, University Anahuac Mexico, Huixquilucan, Mexico
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Abstract

Pituitary adenomas are benign tumors of the anterior portion of the pituitary gland (adenohypophysis), representing the 25% of all the tumor alterations. Pituitary adenomas are classified by the type of hormone secreted, cellularity, size, and structural alterations by the hormonal segregation. The diagnosis consists on the histopathological identification of cell types and the image-guided by magnetic resonance or tomography; the treatment can be both pharmacological and surgical. Metabolic Syndrome is the set of clinical conditions that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases with an estimated prevalence of 25% worldwide. The alterations of metabolic syndrome are obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus type II. Pituitary adenomas and metabolic syndrome have an important relationship, hormone-secreting by pituitary adenomas affects a myriad of signaling pathways, which allows a favorable environment for the appearance of the metabolic syndrome. Moreover, patients with pituitary adenomas are shown to have an improvement in metabolic parameters after the medical/surgical treatment. The objective of this review is to explore the possible mechanisms through which PAs contributes to MetSx.

Key words

pituitary adenoma - metabolic syndrome - insulin resistance  - hypertension - obesity


Publication History

Received: 28 April 2023

Accepted after revision: 27 October 2023

Article published online:
11 December 2023

© 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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