Shared Mechanisms between Cardiovascular Disease and NAFLD

Abstract

The burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rising globally. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in patients with NAFLD. Nearly half of individuals with NAFLD have coronary heart disease, and more than a third have carotid artery atherosclerosis. Individuals with NAFLD are at a substantially higher risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events. NAFLD and cardiovascular disease share multiple common disease mechanisms, such as systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, genetic risk variants, and gut microbial dysbiosis. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in NAFLD, and highlight common risk factors. In addition, we examine recent advances evaluating the shared disease mechanisms between NAFLD and cardiovascular disease. In conclusion, multidisciplinary collaborations are required to further our understanding of the complex relationship between NAFLD and cardiovascular disease and potentially identify therapeutic targets.

Keywords

nonalcoholic fatty liver disease - pathogenesis - atherosclerosis - coronary artery disease

Authors' Contributions

Study design was carried out by R.L. and D.Q.H. Data interpretation and review/revision of the manuscript was done by all authors. R.L. contributed to study concept and study supervision. All authors approve the final draft of the manuscript as well as the authorship list.

Publikationsverlauf

Accepted Manuscript online:
25. August 2022

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
14. Oktober 2022

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