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Int J Sports Med 2022; 43(14): 1151-1162
DOI: 10.1055/a-1834-7177
Review

Assessment of Fatigue and Recovery in Sport: Narrative Review

Thomas Bestwick-Stevenson 
1   School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
2   Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
,
Rebecca Toone
3   Mountain Biking, English Institute of Sport, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
,
Emma Neupert
4   School of Sport Health and Exercise Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
,
Kimberley Edwards
1   School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
2   Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
,
Stefan Kluzek
1   School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
2   Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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Abstract

Fatigue is a phenomenon associated with decreases in both physical and cognitive performances and increases in injury occurrence. Competitive athletes are required to complete demanding training programs with high workloads to elicit the physiological and musculoskeletal adaptations plus skill acquisition necessary for performance. High workloads, especially sudden rapid increases in training loads, are associated with the occurrence of fatigue. At present, there is limited evidence elucidating the underlying mechanisms associating the fatigue generated by higher workloads and with an increase in injury risk. The multidimensional nature and manifestation of fatigue have led to differing definitions and dichotomies of the term. Consequently, a plethora of physiological, biochemical, psychological and performance markers have been proposed to measure fatigue and recovery. Those include self-reported scales, countermovement jump performance, heart rate variability, and saliva and serum biomarker analyses. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of fatigue and recovery plus methods of assessments.

Key words

fatigue - injury - recovery - marker - workload


Publication History

Received: 24 June 2021

Accepted: 25 April 2022

Accepted Manuscript online:
25 April 2022

Article published online:
15 June 2022

© 2022. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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