Hamostaseologie 2022; 42(04): 240-247
DOI: 10.1055/a-1661-0283
Review Article

Venous Thrombosis and SARS-CoV-2

Monika Zdanyte
1   Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
,
Dominik Rath
1   Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
,
Meinrad Gawaz
1   Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
,
Tobias Geisler
1   Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
› Author Affiliations

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection is associated with high risk of venous and arterial thrombosis. Thrombotic complications, especially pulmonary embolism, lead to increased all-cause mortality in both intensive care unit and noncritically ill patients. Damage and activation of vascular endothelium, platelet activation, followed by thrombotic and fibrinolytic imbalance as well as hypercoagulability are the key pathomechanisms in immunothrombosis leading to a significant increase in thromboembolism in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) compared with other acute illnesses. In this review article, we discuss the incidence and prognosis, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19 disease, based on clinical experience and research available to date.

Zusammenfassung

COVID-19 ist mit einem erhöhten Risiko venöser bzw. arterieller Thrombosen assoziiert. Im Rahmen einer SARS-CoV-2 Infektion resultieren thromboembolische Komplikationen, vor allem die Lungenarterienembolie, in einer erhöhten Mortalität. Im Vergleich zu anderen akuten Krankheitsbildern führt COVID-19 zu Endothelschäden sowie Thrombozytenaktivierung und begünstigt ein Missverhältnis zwischen Thrombose und Fibrinolyse mit konsekutiv gesteigerter Thrombogenität. Dieser Artikel bietet einen aktuellen Überblick über die Diagnostik, Behandlung, Prognose sowie Prävention von thromboembolischen Komplikationen im Rahmen einer SARS-CoV-2 Infektion.



Publication History

Received: 23 April 2021

Accepted: 05 October 2021

Article published online:
08 December 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 
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