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Hamostaseologie 2021; 41(06): 428-432
DOI: 10.1055/a-1661-0257
Review Article

Thromboinflammation as a Driver of Venous Thromboembolism

Nadine Gauchel
1   Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg—Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
,
Krystin Krauel
1   Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg—Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
,
Muataz Ali Hamad
1   Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg—Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
,
Christoph Bode
1   Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg—Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
,
Daniel Duerschmied
1   Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg—Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
› Author Affiliations
Funding Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, #422681845
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Abstract

Thrombus formation has been identified as an integral part in innate immunity, termed immunothrombosis. Activation of host defense systems is known to result in a procoagulant environment. In this system, cellular players as well as soluble mediators interact with each other and their dysregulation can lead to the pathological process of thromboinflammation. These mechanisms have been under intensified investigation during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this review, we focus on the underlying mechanisms leading to thromboinflammation as one trigger of venous thromboembolism.

Zusammenfassung

Die Thrombusbildung wurde als integraler Bestandteil der angeborenen Immunität identifiziert und als Immunthrombose bezeichnet. Es ist bekannt, dass die Aktivierung von Wirtsabwehrsystemen zu einer pro-thrombotischen Umgebung führt. In diesem System interagieren sowohl zelluläre Bestandteile als auch lösliche Faktoren miteinander, die bei einer Dysregulation den pathologischen Prozess der Thromboinflammation induzieren können. Diese Mechanismen wurden während der COVID-19-Pandemie verstärkt untersucht. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit konzentrieren wir uns auf die zugrunde liegenden Mechanismen, die zur Thromboinflammation führen als ein Auslöser der venösen Thromboembolien.

Keywords

thromboinflammation - immunothrombosis - innate immunity - venous thromboembolism - COVID-19

Schlüsselwörter

Thromboinflammation - Immunthrombose - angeborene Immunität - venöse Thromboembolien - COVID-19


Publication History

Received: 30 June 2021

Accepted: 04 October 2021

Article published online:
23 December 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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