Download PDF
Klinische Neurophysiologie 2021; 52(03): 150-160
DOI: 10.1055/a-1528-2326
Übersicht

Normvarianten im kindlichen EEG: Pitfalls in der Praxis

Normal variants of the pediatric EEG
Ingo Borggraefe 
1   Abteilung für Pädiatrische Neurologie, Entwicklungsneurologie und Sozialpädiatrie, Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, LMU Klinikum München, München
3   Interdiszipilnäres Epilepsiezentrum, LMU Klinikum München, München
,
Jan Rémi 
2   Klinik für Neurologie, LMU Klinikum München, München
3   Interdiszipilnäres Epilepsiezentrum, LMU Klinikum München, München
› Author Affiliations
› Further Information
Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Zusammenfassung

Normvarianten sind nicht obligat auftretenden EEG-Veränderung. Die Kenntnis von Normvarianten ist wichtig, da sie sonst als pathologische Veränderungen fehlinterpretiert werden können. Daraus können klinisch falsche diagnostische und therapeutische Schlussfolgerungen entstehen. Die vorliegende Übersicht dient einer Zusammenfassung und Erläuterung der im Kindes- und Jugendalter auftretenden Normvarianten.

Abstract

Benign EEG variants are non-obligatory EEG changes. Benign variants are commonly misinterpreted as pathological changes. Thus, misinterpretation might lead to false clinical conclusions. The present review summarizes and describes benign EEG-variants occurring in children and adolescents.

Schlüsselwörter

EEG - Kinder - Normvarianten

Keywords

EEG - Children - Normal variants


Publication History

Article published online:
13 September 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

  • Literatur

  • 1 Noachtar S, Rémi J. Elektroenzephalographie: Lehrbuch und Atlas: Kohlhammer. 2017
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Benbadis SR, Lin K. Errors in EEG interpretation and misdiagnosis of epilepsy. Which EEG patterns are overread?. Eur Neurol 2008; 59: 267-271
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Kang JY, Krauss GL. Normal Variants Are Commonly Overread as Interictal Epileptiform Abnormalities. J Clin Neurophysiol 2019; 36: 257-263
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Libenson MH. Normal Variants in the Electroencephalogram. Practical Approach to Electroencephalography: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2009
    PubMed
  • 5 Gibbs FA, Gibbs EL. Atlas of Encephalography Vol. I-III: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, INC.; 1964
    PubMed
  • 6 Gibbs FA, Gibbs EL. The Mitten Pattern: An Electroencephalographic Abnormality Correlating with Psychosis. J Neuropsychiatr 1963; 4: 6-13
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Eeg-Olofsson O, Petersen I, Sellden U. The development of the electroencephalogram in normal children from the age of 1 through 15 years. Paroxysmal activity. Neuropadiatrie 1971; 2: 375-404
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Capdevila OS, Dayyat E, Kheirandish-Gozal L, Gozal D. Prevalence of epileptiform activity in healthy children during sleep. Sleep Med 2008; 9: 303-309
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Nicolai J, Aldenkamp AP, Arends J, Weber JW, Vles JS. Cognitive and behavioral effects of nocturnal epileptiform discharges in children with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. Epilepsy Behav 2006; 8: 56-70
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Tacke M, Rupp N, Gerstl L, Heinen F, Vill K, Bonfert M. et al. Benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes: Correlating spike frequency and neuropsychology. Acta Neurol Scand 2018; 138: 475-481
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Mizrahi EM, Hrachovy RA. Elements of the normal neonatal EEG. In: Mizrahi EM, Hrachovy RA, editors. Atlas of Neonatal Electroencephalography. 4th ed: Demos Health; 2015
    PubMed
  • 12 Tatum WO, Ly RC, Sluzewska-Niedzwiedz M, Shih JJ. Lambda waves and occipital generators. Clin EEG Neurosci 2013; 44: 307-312
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Rey V, Aybek S, Maeder-Ingvar M, Rossetti AO. Positive occipital sharp transients of sleep (POSTS): a reappraisal. Clin Neurophysiol 2009; 120: 472-475
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Santoshkumar B, Chong JJ, Blume WT, McLachlan RS, Young GB, Diosy DC. et al. Prevalence of benign epileptiform variants. Clin Neurophysiol 2009; 120: 856-861
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Eeg-Olofsson O. The development of the electroencephalogram in normal children from the age of 1 through 15 years. 14 and 6 Hz positive spike phenomenon. Neuropadiatrie 1971; 2: 405-427
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Reiher J, Lebel M. Wicket spikes: clinical correlates of a previously undescribed EEG pattern. Can J Neurol Sci 1977; 4: 39-47
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Hughes JR, Gruener G. Small sharp spikes revisited: further data on this controversial pattern. Clin Electroencephalogr 1984; 15: 208-213
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Chen Z, Issa NP, Wu S, Liu X, Sun T, Bodnya J. et al. The clinical significance of small sharp spikes: A retrospective study of 909 patients in epilepsy monitoring unit. Epilepsy Res 2020; 168: 106477
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Dan B, Boyd SG. A neurophysiological perspective on sleep and its maturation. Dev Med Child Neurol 2006; 48: 773-779
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Mizrahi EM. Avoiding the pitfalls of EEG interpretation in childhood epilepsy. Epilepsia 1996; 37: S41-S51
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Westmoreland BF, Klass DW. Midline theta rhythm. Arch Neurol 1986; 43: 139-141
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar