Retrospective Cross-sectional Analysis of Factors Associated with Asthma in a Pediatric Cohort from Turkey

Abstract

Background It is difficult to identify young children at increased risk of developing asthma amongst those with recurrent wheezing. In this study, we aimed to determine factors associated with asthma in Turkish children.

Methods We performed a retrospective cross-sectional analysis on factors associated with asthma in 651 children (200 girls, 451 boys) admitted for recurrent wheezing.

Results Amongst all included children, asthma frequency was 57.7%. Maturity, consanguinity, family income, passive smoking, father’s, siblings’ asthma were not found to be associated with asthma. Factors associated with asthma were: family’s, parents’, siblings’ atopy, family’s, mother’s asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis, respiratory symptoms between wheezing attacks. The sensitivity (SN) of the modified asthma predictive index (mAPI) was 59.2% with a specificity (SP) of 91.3%, positive predictive index (PPI) of 65.1% and negative predictive index (NPI) of 82.3%. The SN of the modified Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy (PIAMA) score was 22.9% with a SP of 89.2%, PPI of 84.6%, and NPI of 42.2%. Adjusted odds ratio for mAPI was 12.9, and for the modified PIAMA score 4.

Conclusion Our analysis confirmed previously described factors associated with asthma. Although the SN is limited, the mAPI and PIAMA risk scores can be used to predict asthma in Turkish children. Differential diagnoses and overlaps with other chronic pediatric diseases such as immunodeficiencies need to be carefully excluded when confirming the diagnosis asthma.

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

Hintergrund Es ist schwierig, unter Kindern mit wiederkehrendem Giemen jene zu identifizieren, die ein Asthma entwickeln. In der vorliegenden Arbeit untersuchten wir die Faktoren, unter türkischen Kindern mit wiederholt giemender Atmung, die mit Asthma assoziiert sind.

Methode In einer retropsektiven Analyse untersuchten wir die Faktoren, die mit Asthma assoziiert sind unter 651 Kindern (200 Mädchen, 451 Jungen), mit wiederkehrendem Giemen.

Ergebnisse Die Asthmahäufigkeit unter allen analysierten Patienten betrug 57,7%. Frühgeburtlichkeit, Konsanguinität der Eltern, Familieneinkommen, Passivrauchen, Asthma von Vater, Geschwistern zeigten sich nicht als mit Asthma assoziiert. Mit Asthma assoziiert waren: Atopie in der Familie unter Eltern und Geschwistern, positive Familienanamnese für Asthma; allergische Rhinitis und atopische Dermatitis; Atemwegsbeschwerden zwischen den Giemen Perioden. Die Sensitivität (SN) des modifizierten asthma predictive index (mAPI) für Asthma betrug 59,2%, die Spezifität (SP) betrug 91,3%, der positive Vorhersageindex (PPI) betrug 65,1% und der negative Vorhersageindex (NPI) 82,3%. Die Sensitivität der modifizierten Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy (PIAMA) Risikobewertung betrug 22,9% bei einer SP von 89,2%, PPI von 84,6% und NPI von 42,2%. Die angepasste Odds-Ratio für mAPI lag bei 12,9 und für die modifizierte PIAMA-Risikobewertung bei 4.

Schlussfolgerung Die mit Asthma assoziierte bisherigen Faktoren wurden in unserer Studie bestätigt. Obwohl unsere Studie eine niedrige SN zeigten, können die mAPI und die modifizierte PIAMA-Ergebnisse hilfreich sein, Asthma unter türkischen Kindern vorherzusagen. Wichtig dabei ist es bei der Beurteilung des Asthmarisikos unter Kindern mit wiederkehrendem Giemen, das relevante Differentialdiagnosen wie z. B. İmmundefekte, augeschlossen werden.

Key words

Asthma - Atopy - Children - Recurrent wheezing - Wheezing

Schlüsselwörter

Asthma - Atopie - Kinder - Keuchen - Wiederkehrendes keuchen

Publication History

Article published online:
30 July 2021

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