Psychotherapie nach einem Suizidversuch

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

Suizidversuche gelten als einer der wichtigsten Risikofaktoren für Suizide. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden in den vergangenen Jahren verschiedene Psychotherapieangebote für Personen nach einem Suizidversuch entwickelt und evaluiert. Im Rahmen des Artikels wird der Stand der Effektivitätsforschung skizziert, ein Beispiel für ein wirksames suizidfokussiertes Psychotherapieprogramm wird vorgestellt und der gegenwärtige Forschungs- und Wissenstand wird kritisch reflektiert. Grundsätzlich kommt der suizidspezifischen Psychotherapie in der individuumzentrierten Suizidprävention besondere Bedeutung zu; die empirische Fundierung und Dissemination entsprechender Programme ist jedoch noch unzureichend.

Abstract

Suicide attempts are considered one of the most important risk factors for suicide. Against this background, various psychotherapeutic treatments for people after a suicide attempt have been developed and evaluated in recent years. In this article, the current evidence from efficacy research is summarized, an example of an effective suicide-focused psychotherapy program is presented, and the current state of research and knowledge is critically reflected. In principle, suicide-specific psychotherapy is of particular importance in individual-centered suicide prevention; however, the empirical foundation and dissemination of specific treatments is still insufficient.

Schlüsselwörter

Suizid - Suizidprävention - Psychotherapie - kognitive Verhaltenstherapie

Key words

Suicide - suicide prevention - psychotherapy - cognitive behavioral therapy

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