Hypothyreose beim Hund: eine Übersicht

Zusammenfassung

Die Hypothyreose stellt eine der häufigsten Endokrinopathien des Hundes dar. In seltenen Fällen ist sie mit anderen Endokrinopathien assoziiert, am häufigsten mit einem Hypoadrenokortizismus. Die Diagnose einer Hypothyreose wird durch die Bestimmung der Konzentration der Schilddrüsenhormone (T4, fT4) und des Thyreoidea-stimulierenden Hormons (TSH) gestellt. Da Schilddrüsenhormonkonzentrationen im Blut durch viele andere Faktoren wie systemische Erkrankungen und Medikamente beeinflusst werden, ist es wichtig, die Befunde zusammen mit klinischen Symptomen zu beurteilen. Gegebenenfalls müssen Stimulationstests und bildgebende Verfahren (Ultraschalluntersuchung, Szintigrafie) durchgeführt werden, um die Diagnose zu erhärten. Die Diagnostik und Therapie einer Hypothyreose erfolgt durch die Substitution des Schilddrüsenhormons Thyroxin. Bestehen weitere Symptome (z. B. Polyurie, Polydipsie oder Gewichtsverlust) bzw. bleibt eine entsprechende Besserung nach Therapiebeginn aus, sollte an das kombinierte Vorliegen anderer Endokrinopathien wie Morbus Addison oder Diabetes mellitus gedacht bzw. die Diagnose der Schilddrüsenunterfunktion kritisch hinterfragt werden. Dieser Artikel gibt eine Übersicht über die aktuelle Therapie und Diagnostik der Hypothyreose.

Abstract

Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrinopathies in dogs. In rare cases, it may be associated with further endocrinopathies. The most common combination is the con-currence of hypothyroidism and hypoadrenocorticism. The diagnosis of hypothyroidism is based on the measurement of thyroid hormones (T4/fT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). As thyroid hormone concentrations in the blood are influenced by various factors (e. g. systemic diseases or drugs), test results must be interpreted in conjunction with complaints demonstrated by the patient. In cases when diagnosis is not definite, stimulating tests or diagnostic imaging techniques (ultrasound, scintigraphy) are advisable. Dogs with hypothyroidism should be diagnosed and treated with thyroid hormones. When addiditional clinical signs are not consistent with hypothyroidism, co-existing additional endocrinopathies need to be considered. Furthermore, when treatment fails to result in the expected clinical response, the diagnosis of hypothyroidism must be subject to critical re-evaluation. This article provides an overview of the current diagnostic and treatment methods in canine hypothyroidism.

Schlüsselwörter

Endokrinologie - Autoimmunität - Thyroxin - TSH

Key words

Endocrinology - autoimmunity - thyroxine - TSH

Publication History

Received: 01 October 2020

Accepted: 09 December 2020

Article published online:
22 June 2021

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