Lichttherapie zur Delirprävention bei Intensivpatienten: Was sagt die Evidenz?

Zusammenfassung

Die zirkadiane Dysrhythmie betrifft die Mehrzahl der Intensivpatienten und hat weitreichende Auswirkungen auf Organfunktionen. Auf der Ebene des zentralen Nervensystems werden kognitive Exekutivfunktionen beeinträchtigt und die Entwicklung eines Delirs gefördert. Aus diesem Grund sollten mehrdimensionale, patientenindividualisierte chronotherapeutische Konzepte für die Intensivmedizin entwickelt werden. Die zirkadiane Lichttherapie ist in diesem Kontext ein vielversprechender Ansatz.

Abstract

Circadian dysrhythmia affects the majority of ICU patients and has far-reaching effects on organ functioning. At the level of the central nervous system, circadian misalignment facilitates executive cognitive dysfunction and the development of ICU delirium. The pathophysiological mechanisms, especially in the cohort of critically ill patients, appear to be complex, multilayered and far from understood. Results from preliminary research indicate that multidimensional, patient-specific chronotherapeutic concepts developed specifically for the ICU setting may help improve the healing process of patients. Circadian lighting therapy might be a promising intervention in this context.

Schlüsselwörter

Lichttherapie - zirkadianer Rhythmus - Delir - Melatonin

Key words

light therapy - circadian rhythm - delirium - melatonin

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