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Nervenheilkunde 2020; 39(10): 636-643
DOI: 10.1055/a-1231-1278
Schwerpunkt
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Primärprävention des Schlaganfalls

Prevention of stroke
Hans-Christoph Diener
1   Institut für Medizinische Informatik, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IMIBE), Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Duisburg-Essen
,
Christian Gerloff∗
2   Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
09 October 2020 (online)

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ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

Der Schlaganfall ist eine der Hauptursachen für bleibende Behinderungen. Daher hat die Primärprävention eines ersten Schlaganfalls eine hohe Priorität. Die Primärprävention des ischämischen Schlaganfalls umfasst die Änderung des Lebensstils und der Ernährung, die Behandlung von Risikofaktoren wie Bluthochdruck, Diabetes mellitus und Lipidstörungen, die Thrombozytenaggregationshemmung bei Patienten mit hohem Gefäßrisiko und die Antikoagulation bei Vorhofflimmern (AF). Zu den wichtigsten präventiven Strategien in der Primärprävention von Hirnblutungen gehören die Behandlung von Bluthochdruck, die Reduzierung des Alkoholkonsums und der Verschluss des linken Vorhofohrs bei Patienten mit Vorhofflimmern und dauerhafte Kontraindikationen für eine orale Antikoagulation.

ABSTRACT

Stroke is one of the main causes of permanent disability. Therefore, primary prevention of a first stroke has a high priority. The primary prevention of ischaemic stroke includes lifestyle and dietary changes, treatment of risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and lipid disorders, inhibition of platelet aggregation in patients at high vascular risk and anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation (AF). The most important preventive strategies in the primary prevention of cerebral haemorrhage include treatment of hypertension, reduction of alcohol consumption and closure of the left atrial appendage in patients with atrial fibrillation and permanent contraindications to oral anticoagulation.

Schlüsselwörter

Schlaganfall - Primärprävention - Risikofaktoren - Hypertonie

Key words

Stroke - primary prevention - risk factors - hypertension
 

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