Genetische Untersuchungen beim Parkinson-Syndrom: Indikation und praktische Durchführung

Zusammenfassung

Seit der Erstbeschreibung einer monogenetischen Ursache der Parkinson-Erkrankung sind mehr als 20 Jahre vergangen. Trotz der Fortschritte der molekulargenetischen Diagnostik wird diese immer noch sehr selten durchgeführt. Genetische Untersuchungen bei Patienten mit Parkinson-Syndromen werden allerdings zukünftig einen großen Stellenwert einnehmen. Dies ist nicht nur im Hinblick auf die Diagnosesicherung bei Parkinson-Patienten mit jungem Erkrankungsbeginn und / oder positiver Familienanamnese zu sehen, sondern auch im Rahmen der personalisierten Medizin mit neuen therapeutischen Möglichkeiten. Im Folgenden möchten wir einen Überblick über die Grundlagen der genetischen Diagnostik, die gesetzlichen Voraussetzungen, das Vorgehen für eine genetische Diagnostik und einen Ausblick in die Zukunft bei genetischen Parkinson-Erkrankungen geben.

Abstract

More than 20 years have passed since the first description of a monogenic cause of Parkinson’s disease. Despite the tremendous advances of genetic testing these techniques are rarely used in Parkinson’s disease. However, genetic tests in patients with Parkinson’s syndrome will play an important role in the future. This is not only to ensure the diagnosis of Parkinson’s patients with a young onset and / or a positive family history, but also in the context of personalised medicine with new therapeutic options. In the following we would like to give an overview of the basics of genetic testing, the legal requirements, the procedure for genetic testing and an outlook into the future for hereditary Parkinson’s diseases.

Schlüsselwörter

Parkinson - Genetik - Gendiagnostikgesetz

Key words

Parkinson’s disease - Genetics - Genetic testing

Publication History

Received: 30 January 2020

Accepted: 07 April 2020

Article published online:
28 June 2020

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