Komplementinhibitoren: neue Therapeutika – neue Indikationen

Zusammenfassung

Das Komplementsystem, ein klassisch transfusionsmedizinisches Thema, hat in den letzten Jahren in allen Bereichen der Medizin an Bedeutung gewonnen. Komplementinhibitoren werden aufgrund eines besseren Verständnisses der Pathophysiologie unterschiedlicher Erkrankungen in einem sich stetig erweiternden Krankheitsspektrum eingesetzt. Dieses reicht von typisch komplementassoziierten Erkrankungen wie der PNH (paroxysmale nächtliche Hämoglobinurie) bis hin zu akuten Krankheitsbildern mit einer Fehlregulation des Komplementsystems, wie COVID-19.

Abstract

The complement system, a classical transfusion medicine topic, has gained importance in all areas of medicine in recent years. Complement inhibitors are used in a constantly expanding spectrum of diseases due to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of different diseases. This ranges from typical complement-associated diseases such as PNH (paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria) to acute clinical pictures with a dysregulation of the complement system, such as COVID-19.

Kernaussagen

• Komplementsystem ist in zahlreiche transfusionsmedizinische wie auch nicht hämotherapeutische pathophysiologische Prozesse involviert

• Komplementinhibitoren führen bei verschiedenen Erkrankungen zu einem Life-Changing mit hochsignifikanter Steigerung der Lebenserwartung und Lebensqualität

• Einsatzmöglichkeit von Komplementinhibitoren in der Hämotherapie (z. B. akute und verzögerte Transfusionsreaktion)

• Differenzierte Komplementtherapeutika stellen eine vielversprechende Behandlungsoption in zahlreichen, unterschiedlichen pathologischen Situationen dar

• Verschiedene zugelassene Komplementinhibitoren

• Zahlreiche Komplementmodulatoren auf unterschiedlichen Entwicklungsstufen, um eine bedarfsgerechte krankheitsspezifische Komplementmodulation an der jeweiligen Stufe des Komplementsystems zu ermöglichen

Schlüsselwörter

Komplementsystem - Komplementinhibitoren - Therapeutika

Key words

complement system - complement inhibitor - therapeutics

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
01. Juni 2021

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