Kachexie bei Tumorerkrankungen

Eine Kachexie tritt bei Tumorerkrankungen häufig auf. Wichtigstes Symptom ist ein Gewichtsverlust, der oft mit einer Anorexie, körperlicher Schwäche/Fatigue und einer reduzierten körperlichen Aktivität einhergeht. Dieser Beitrag fasst die klinische Bedeutung zusammen und beschreibt Konzepte zur multimodalen Behandlung.

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
02. März 2020

• Literatur

• 1 Bozzetti F. Forcing the vicious circle: sarcopenia increases toxicity, decreases response to chemotherapy and worsens with chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 2017; 28: 2107-2118
• 2 Fearon K, Strasser F, Anker SD. et al. Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: an international consensus. Lancet Oncol 2011; 12: 489-495
• 3 Anker MS, Holcomb R, Muscaritoli M. et al. Orphan disease status of cancer cachexia in the USA and in the European Union: a systematic review. J Cachexia Sarcopen Muscle 2019; 10: 22-34
• 4 Kondrup J. Nutritional risk screening (NRS 2002): a new method based on an analysis of controlled clinical trials. Clin Nutrit 2003; 22: 321-336
• 5 Bauer J, Capra S, Ferguson M. Use of the scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) as a nutrition assessment tool in patients with cancer. Eur J Clin Nutr 2002; 56: 779-785
• 6 Gonzalez MC, Heymsfield SB. Bioelectrical impedance analysis for diagnosing sarcopenia and cachexia: what are we really estimating?. J Cachexia Sarcopen Muscle 2017; 8: 187-189
• 7 Hacker UT, Hasenclever D, Linder N. et al. Prognostic role of body composition parameters in gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer patients from the EXPAND trial. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2019;
• 8 Douglas E, McMillan DC. Towards a simple objective framework for the investigation and treatment of cancer cachexia: the Glasgow Prognostic Score. Cancer Treat Rev 2014; 40: 685-691
• 9 Tsoli M, Robertson G. Cancer cachexia: malignant inflammation, tumorkines, and metabolic mayhem. Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: Trends Endocrinol Metabol 2013; 24: 174-183
• 10 Hacker U. Pathophysiologie der Tumorkachexie. In: von Haehling S, Arends J, Hacker U. (eds) Kachexie bei Tumorerkrankungen. Erkennen und multimodal behandeln. München: Springer; 2017: 20-28
• 11 Martin L, Senesse P, Gioulbasanis I. et al. Diagnostic criteria for the classification of cancer-associated weight loss. J Clin Oncol 2015; 33: 90-99
• 12 Martin L, Birdsell L, Macdonald N. et al. Cancer cachexia in the age of obesity: skeletal muscle depletion is a powerful prognostic factor, independent of body mass index. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31: 1539-1547
• 13 Grande AJ, Silva V, Maddocks M. Exercise for cancer cachexia in adults: Executive summary of a Cochrane Collaboration systematic review. J Cachexia Sarcopen Muscle 2015; 6: 208-211
• 14 Strasser F, Luftner D, Possinger K. et al. Comparison of orally administered cannabis extract and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in treating patients with cancer-related anorexia-cachexia syndrome: a multicenter, phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial from the Cannabis-In-Cachexia-Study-Group. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24: 3394-3400
• 15 Miyamoto Y, Hanna DL, Zhang W. et al. Molecular Pathways: Cachexia Signaling-A Targeted Approach to Cancer Treatment. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22: 3999-4004