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Planta Med 2020; 86(03): 212-219
DOI: 10.1055/a-1038-6592
Natural Product Chemistry and Analytical Studies
Original Papers
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Metabolic Profiling and Untargeted 1H-NMR-Based Metabolomics Study of Different Iranian Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Ecotypes

Maede Hasanpour
1   Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
,
Satar Saberi
2   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran
,
Mehrdad Iranshahi
1   Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
› Author AffiliationsSupported by: National Institute for Medical Research Development 965403
Supported by: Mashhad University of Medical Sciences 951316
Further Information

Publication History

received 28 July 2019
revised 26 November 2019

accepted 06 December 2019

Publication Date:
18 December 2019 (online)

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Abstract

Pomegranate (Punica granatum) is an ancient fruit that is widely consumed as fresh fruit and juice. The aim of the present study was to compare the metabolic profile of pomegranate ecotypes from different geographical origins of Iran, the largest producer of pomegranates in the world. 1H-NMR and 2D NMR spectroscopy were applied to investigate the ecotypic variation. Multivariate data analyses were used to identify overall metabolic differences. Mazandaran pomegranate samples were found to be different from the other ecotypes, having a high content of citric and succinic acids. Bajestan, Ferdows, and Yazd pomegranates contained comparatively higher amounts of anthocyanins and ellagic acid derivatives than other pomegranate ecotypes. The distribution of metabolites among different ecotypes of pomegranate is discussed on the basis of these findings.

Key words

anthocyanin - 1H-NMR-based metabolomics - metabolite profiling - Iranian pomegranate - Punica granatum - Lythraceae

Supporting Information

    OPLS-DA score plot and loading column plot related to the discrimination of juice samples between Mazandaran and Shiraz pomegranates are described in Figs. 1S and 2S. Tight clustering among the pomegranate juice extracts of Khorasan provinces is shown in Fig. 3S. OPLS-DA score plot of pomegranate juice extracts from the mountainous areas in the West of Iran (Paveh pomegranate from Kermanshah) and semiarid regions in the East of Iran (Khorasan provinces) is available in Fig. 4S. The discrimination of the aromatic region (δ 6.5 – 10.5) between Yazd and Mazandaran pomegranate juice extracts is shown in Fig. 5S. Relative quantification of cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside based on the mean peak area of the signal at δ 9.24 is presented in Fig. 6S.

  • Supporting Information
 

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