Die Einnahme von Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln (NEM) wird immer beliebter – insbesondere
im Zusammenhang mit der Prävention und Behandlung verschiedener Erkrankungen werden
NEM immer häufiger diskutiert. Doch ist die Einnahme von NEM für Menschen mit Diabetes
bzw. zur Prävention des Diabetes sinnvoll? Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet einige NEM, zu
denen aktuelle Metaanalysen vorliegen, u. a. hinsichtlich Diabetesrisiko und glykämischer
Kontrolle.
Abstract
Dietary supplements are defined as foods intended to complete the general diet especially
in special metabolic situations like pregnancy or vitamin deficiencies. Furthermore,
dietary supplements seem to get increasingly important with regard to prevention and
management of diabetes. So far the German, European and Canadian Diabetes Associations
as well as the Diabetes Associations of the US and UK do not give specific recommendation
for dietary supplements to reduce the risk of diabetes or improve the glycemic control
in patients with diabetes. By assessing new findings, the present article gives a
literature overview based on comprehensive meta-analyses of selected dietary supplements,
which are frequently discussed in combination with diabetes. Currently, there is a
consensus that a balanced diet ensures a sufficient supply of micronutrients. Current
studies on the use of magnesium, chrome, selenium, vitamin D, vitamin E and omega-3
fatty acids in people with increased risk of diabetes or manifest diabetes showed
inconsistent results. Therefore, further randomized controlled trials with sufficient
number of participants are necessary in order to provide concrete evidence-based recommendations.
Schlüsselwörter
Diabetesprävention - Magnesium - Chrom - Selen - Vitamin D - Vitamin E - n-3-Fettsäuren
Keywords
diabetes prevention - magnesium - chrome - selenium - vitamin D - vitamin E - n-3
fatty acids
