Sekundäre Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

Die Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) ist eine der häufigsten neuropsychiatrischen Störungen im Kindes-, Jugend- und Erwachsenenalter. Die Ätiologie ist Gegenstand der Forschung. In den meisten Fällen wird eine polygenetische Verursachung angenommen, die dann zu der bekannten ADHS-Symptomatik mit Unaufmerksamkeit, Hyperaktivität und Impulsivität führt. Diese Fälle können nach der hier vorgeschlagenen Kategorisierung als „primäre“ ADHS bezeichnet werden. Zusätzlich können verschiedene vererbliche oder erworbene organische Ursachen zu einem ADHS-Syndrom, einer hier sogenannten „sekundären“ ADHS führen. Wir geben einen Überblick über aktuell anerkannte und diskutierte Ursachen der sekundären ADHS und diskutieren die Relevanz von ätiopathogenetischen neuropsychiatrischen Subklassifikationen der ADHS.

ABSTRACT

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders in childhood, adolescence and adulthood. The etiology is subject of research. In most cases polygenetic causes are assumed, leading to the known ADHD symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. These cases would be referred to as “primary” ADHD according to the notion proposed here. In addition, various hereditary or acquired organic causes may lead to “secondary“ ADHD syndromes. We provide an overview of currently recognized and discussed causes of secondary ADHD and discuss the relevance of etiopathogenic neuropsychiatric subclassifications of ADHD.

Schlüsselwörter

Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung - ADHS - Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätssyndrom - organische ADHS - sekundäre ADHS

Key words

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD - Attention deficit hyperactivity syndrome - organic ADHD - secondary ADHD

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