Z Orthop Unfall 2020; 158(05): 508-516
DOI: 10.1055/a-0965-7760
Review

An Overview of the Current State of Pediatric Scoliosis Management

Eine Zusammenfassung des aktuellen Managements pädiatrischer Skoliose
Julian M. Rüwald
1   Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn
,
Robin L. Eymael
2   Medical Faculty, University Hospital Essen
,
Janis Upenieks
3   Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Childrenʼs Hospital, Riga, Latvia
,
Li Zhang
1   Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn
,
Cornelius Jacobs
1   Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn
,
Robert Pflugmacher
1   Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn
,
Frank A. Schildberg
1   Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn
› Institutsangaben

Abstract

Historically pediatric scoliosis represents a condition deeply rooted within the origins of orthopedic surgery. Today only a few subspecialized surgeons treat pediatric scoliosis patients. In severe cases surgery can hold progression of and correct pathologic spinal curvature. The goal of this article is to provide an overview of the current state of pediatric scoliosis management. It aims to increase the attention of general physicians and orthopedic surgeons to a niched but rather frequently encountered pediatric pathology to facilitate early recognition and diagnosis. A thorough research of literature was conducted to summarize the different scoliosis types, their etiology and presentation. Classification, normal human growth phases and curve progression risk have been further elaborated. Finally, current treatment options with their benefits, shortcomings and complications were laid out and discussed. Among the etiological groups a focus was put on idiopathic scoliosis, in particular adolescent idiopathic scoliosis as the most frequently encountered subtype.

Zusammenfassung

Historisch ist die pädiatrische Skoliose eine Erkrankung, die tief in den Ursprüngen der orthopädischen Chirurgie verwurzelt ist. Heute behandeln nur wenige subspezialisierte Orthopäden Patienten mit dieser Erkrankung. In ausgeprägten Fällen kann eine Operation das Fortschreiten der Erkrankung aufhalten und die pathologische Krümmung der Wirbelsäule korrigieren. Diese Übersichtsarbeit soll einen Überblick über den aktuellen Stand des pädiatrischen Skoliose-Managements geben. Ziel ist es, die Aufmerksamkeit von Allgemeinärzten und Orthopäden auf eine spezielle, jedoch häufig auftretende pädiatrische Pathologie zu richten, um eine frühzeitige Erkennung und Diagnose zu erleichtern. In einer gründlichen Literaturrecherche wurden die verschiedenen Skoliose-Typen, ihre Ätiologie und ihre Manifestation zusammengefasst. Die zugehörige Klassifizierung, reguläre Wachstumsphasen und das Risiko der Kurvenprogression wurden näher ausgearbeitet. Abschließend wurden aktuelle Behandlungsmöglichkeiten mit ihren Vorteilen, Mängeln und Komplikationen dargelegt und diskutiert. Bei den ätiologischen Gruppen lag der Schwerpunkt auf der idiopathischen Skoliose, insbesondere der adoleszenten idiopathischen Skoliose als am häufigsten anzutreffendem Subtyp.



Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
15. August 2019

© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Stuttgart · New York

 
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