Canine Parvovirose – Welche Maßnahmen erhöhen die Überlebenschancen?

Die Parvovirose verursacht vor allem bei Welpen und Jungtieren schwere Erkrankungs- und Todesfälle. Eine frühzeitige Diagnose und entsprechende adäquate Therapie und konsequente Hygienemaßnahmen können lebensrettend sein und die Verbreitung der Infektion verhindern.

• Literatur

• 1 Goddard A, Leisewitz AL. Canine parvovirus. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2010; 40 (06) 1041-1053
• 2 Sykes JE. Canine parvovirus infections and other viral enteritides. In: Sykes JE. Canine and Feline Infectious Diseases. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier; 2013
• 3 Markovich JE, Stucker KM, Carr AH. et al. Effects of canine parvovirus strain variations on diagnostic test results and clinical management of enteritis in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2012; 241 (01) 66-72
• 4 Kalli I, Leontides LS, Mylonakis ME. et al. Factors affecting the occurrence, duration of hospitalization and final outcome in canine parvovirus infection. Res Vet Sci 2010; 89 (02) 174-178
• 5 Jakel V, Cussler K, Hanschmann KM. et al. Vaccination against feline panleukopenia: implications from a field study in kittens. BMC Vet Rec 2012; 8: 62
• 6 Truyen U. Emergence and recent evolution of canine parvovirus. Vet Microbiol 1999; 69: 47-50
• 7 Truyen U, Gruenberg A, Chang SF. et al. Evolution of the feline-subgroup parvoviruses and the control of canine host range in vivo. J Virol 1995; 69 (08) 4702-4710
• 8 Greene CE. Feline enteric viral infections. In: Greene CE. ed. Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat. 4^th ed. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Saunders; 2012: 80-91
• 9 Battilani M, Bassani M, Forti D. et al. Analysis of the evolution of feline parvovirus (FPV). Vet Res Commun 2006; 30 (03) 223-226
• 10 Truyen U. Evolution of canine parvovirus – a need for new vaccines?. Vet Microbiol 2006; 117 (01) 9-13
• 11 Decaro N, Desario C, Miccolupo A. et al. Genetic analysis of feline panleukopenia viruses from cats with gastroenteritis. J Gen Virol 2008; 89 (09) 2290-2298
• 12 Hoelzer K, Parrish CR. The emergence of parvoviruses of carnivores. Vet Res 2010; 41 (06) 39
• 13 Decaro N, Buonavoglia C. Canine parvovirus – a review of epidemiological and diagnostic aspects, with emphasis on type 2c. Vet Microbiol 2012; 155 (01) 1-12
• 14 Carmichael LE. An annotated historical account of canine parvovirus. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 2005; 52 (7 – 8): 303-311
• 15 Martella V, Decaro N, Buonavoglia C. Evolution of CPV-2 and implication for antigenic/genetic characterization. Virus Genes 2006; 33 (01) 11-13
• 16 Buonavoglia C, Martella V, Pratelli A. et al. Evidence for evolution of canine parvovirus type 2 in Italy. J Gen Virol 2001; 82 (12) 3021-3025
• 17 Decaro N, Martella V, Desario C. et al. First detection of canine parvovirus type 2c in pups with haemorrhagic enteritis in Spain. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 2006; 53 (10) 468-472
• 18 Hong C, Decaro N, Desario C. et al. Occurrence of canine parvovirus type 2c in the United States. J Vet Diagn Invest 2007; 19 (05) 535-539
• 19 Pérez R, Francia L, Romero V. et al. First detection of canine parvovirus type 2c in South America. Vet Microbiol 2007; 124 (1 – 2): 147-152
• 20 Kapil S, Cooper E, Lamm C. et al. Canine parvovirus types 2c and 2b circulating in North American dogs in 2006 and 2007. J Clin Microbiol 2007; 45 (12) 4044-4047
• 21 Ntafis V, Xylouri E, Kalli I. et al. Characterization of canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) variants circulating in Greece. J Vet Diagn Invest 2010; 22 (05) 737-740
• 22 Ikeda Y, Nakamura K, Miyazawa T. et al. Feline host range of canine parvovirus: recent emergence of new antigenic types in cats. Emerg Infect Dis 2002; 8 (04) 341-346
• 23 Miranda C, Parrish CR, Thompson G. Canine parvovirus 2c infection in a cat with severe clinical disease. J Vet Diagn Invest 2014; 26 (03) 462-464
• 24 Decaro N, Buonavoglia D, Desario C. et al. Characterisation of canine parvovirus strains isolated from cats with feline panleukopenia. Res Vet Sci 2010; 89 (02) 275-278
• 25 Otto CM, Drobatz KJ, Soter C. Endotoxemia and tumor necrosis factor activity in dogs with naturally occurring parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Intern Med 1997; 11 (02) 65-70
• 26 Decaro N, Buonavoglia C. Canine parvovirus – a review of epidemiological and diagnostic aspects, with emphasis on type 2c. Vet Microbiol 2012; 155 (01) 1-12
• 27 Decaro N, Campolo M, Desario C. et al. Maternally-derived antibodies in pups and protection from canine parvovirus infection. Biologicals 2005; 33 (04) 261-267
• 28 Decaro N, Desario C, Campolo M. et al. Clinical and virological findings in pups naturally infected by canine parvovirus type 2 Glu-426 mutant. J Vet Diagn Invest 2005; 17 (02) 133-138
• 29 Smith-Carr S, Macintire DK, Swango LJ. Canine parvovirus. Part I. Pathogenesis and vaccination. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 1997; 19 (02) 125-133
• 30 McCaw DL, Hoskins JD. Canine viral enteritis. In: Green CE. ed. Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat. 3^rd ed. St Louis, Missouri: Saunders; 2006: 63-73
• 31 Turk J, Miller M, Brown T. et al. Coliform septicemia and pulmonary disease associated with canine parvoviral enteritis: 88 cases (1987–1988). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1990; 196 (05) 771-773
• 32 Macintire DK. Bacterial translocation: clinical implications and prevention. In: Bonagure JD. ed. Kirkʼs Current Veterinary Therapy XIII: Small Animal Practice. 13^th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2000: 201-203
• 33 Prittie J. Canine parvoviral enteritis: a review of diagnosis, management, and prevention. J Vet Emerg Crit Care 2004; 14 (03) 167-176
• 34 Yilmaz Z, Senturk S. Characterization of lipid profiles in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. J Small Anim Pract 2007; 48 (11) 643-650
• 35 Veir JK. Canine parvoviral enteritis. In: Bonagura JD, Twedt DC. eds. Kirkʼs Current Veterinary Therapy XV. 15^th ed. St Louis, Missouri: Elsevier; 2014: 533-535
• 36 Houston DM, Ribble CS, Head LL. Risk factors associated with parvovirus enteritis in dogs: 283 cases (1982–1991). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996; 208 (04) 542-546
• 37 Proksch AL, Hartmann K. Diagnose der caninen Parvovirus-Infektion. Tieraerztl Prax 2015; 43 (K): 351-357
• 38 Litster AL, Pressler B, Volpe A. et al. Accuracy of a point-of-care ELISA test kit for predicting the presence of protective canine parvovirus and canine distemper virus antibody concentrations in dogs. Vet J 2012; 193 (02) 363-366
• 39 Macartney L, McCandlish IA, Thompson H. et al. Canine parvovirus enteritis 1: clinical, haematological and pathological features of experimental infection. Vet Rec 1984; 115 (09) 201-210
• 40 Mason MJ, Gillett NA, Muggenburg BA. Clinical, pathological, and epidemiological aspects of canine parvoviral enteritis in an unvaccinated closed Beagle colony: 1978–1985. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1987; 23 (02) 183-192
• 41 Macintire DK, Smith-Carr S. Canine parvovirus. Part II. Clinical signs, diagnosis, and treatment. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 1997; 19 (03) 291-302
• 42 Rallis TS, Papazoglou LG, Adamama-Moraitou KK. et al. Acute enteritis or gastroenteritis in young dogs as a predisposing factor for intestinal intussusception: a retrospective study. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med 2000; 47 (08) 507-511
• 43 Duffy A, Dow S, Ogilvie G. et al. Hematologic improvement in dogs with parvovirus infection treated with recombinant canine granulocyte-colony stimulating factor. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2010; 33 (04) 352-356
• 44 Greene CE, Decaro N. Canine viral enteritis. In: Greene CE. ed. Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat. 4^th ed. St Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Saunders; 2012: 67-80
• 45 Goddard A, Leisewitz AL, Christopher MM. et al. Prognostic usefulness of blood leukocyte changes in canine parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Intern Med 2008; 22 (02) 309-316
• 46 Brunner CJ, Swango LJ. Canine parvovirus infection: effects on the immune system and factors that predispose to severe disease. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 1985; 85: 979-988
• 47 Boosinger TR, Rebar AH, DeNicola DB. et al. Bone marrow alterations associated with canine parvoviral enteritis. Vet Pathol 1982; 19 (05) 558-561
• 48 Yilmaz Z, Senturk S. Characterisation of lipid profiles in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. J Small Anim Pract 2007; 48 (11) 643-650
• 49 Heald RD, Jones BD, Schmidt DA. Blood gas and electrolyte concentrations in canine parvoviral enteritis. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1986; 22 (09) 745-748
• 50 Mann FA, Boon GD, Wagner-Mann CC. et al. Ionized and total magnesium concentrations in blood from dogs with naturally acquired parvoviral enteritis. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998; 212 (09) 1398-1401
• 51 Kalli IV, Adamama-Moraitou KK, Patsika MN. et al. Prevalence of increased canine pancreas-specific lipase concentrations in young dogs with parvovirus enteritis. Vet Clin Pathol 2017; 46 (01) 111-119
• 52 van den Berg MF, Schoeman JP, Defauw P. et al. Assessment of acute kidney injury in canine parvovirus infection: comparison of kidney injury biomarkers with routine renal functional parameters. Vet J 2018; 242: 8-14
• 53 McClure V, van Schoor M, Thompson PN. et al. Evaluation of the use of serum C-reactive protein concentration to predict outcome in puppies infected with canine parvovirus. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2013; 243 (03) 361-366
• 54 Kocaturk M, Martinez S, Eralp O. et al. Prognostic value of serum acute-phase proteins in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. J Small Anim Pract 2010; 51 (09) 478-483
• 55 Kocaturk M, Tvarijonaviciute A, Martinez-Subiela S. et al. Inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers of disease severity in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. J Small Anim Pract 2015; 56 (02) 119-124
• 56 Stander N, Wagner WM, Goddard A. et al. Ultrasonographic appearance of canine parvoviral enteritis in puppies. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2010; 51 (01) 69-74
• 57 StIKoVet am Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut. Stellungnahme zur Impfung nach Antikörperbestimmung bei Hund und Katze. Im Internet: http://www.stiko-vet.de Stand: Juni 2019
• 58 Decaro N, Desario C, Beall MJ. et al. Detection of canine parvovirus type 2c by a commercially available in-house rapid test. Vet J 2010; 184 (03) 373-375
• 59 Markovich JE, Stucker KM, Carr AH. et al. Effects of canine parvovirus strain variations on diagnostic test results and clinical management of enteritis in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2012; 241 (01) 66-72
• 60 Schmitz S, Coenen C, König M. et al. Comparison of three rapid commercial canine parvovirus antigen detection tests with electron microscopy and polymerase chain reaction. J Vet Diagn Invest 2009; 21 (03) 344-345
• 61 Proksch AL, Unterer S, Speck S. et al. Influence of clinical and laboratory variables on faecal antigen ELISA results in dogs with canine parvovirus infection. Vet J 2015; 204 (03) 304-308
• 62 Burton JH, Veir J, Morris AK. et al. Detection of canine parvovirus DNA from blood and feces collected from healthy puppies after administration of modified live vaccines. J Vet Intern Med 2008; 22 (03) 703
• 63 Neuerer FF, Horlacher K, Truyen U. et al. Comparison of different in-house test systems to detect parvovirus in faeces of cats. J Feline Med Surg 2008; 10 (03) 247-251
• 64 Schunck B, Kraft W, Truyen U. A simple touch-down polymerase chain reaction for the detection of canine parvovirus and feline panleukopenia virus in feces. J Virol Methods 1995; 55 (03) 427-433
• 65 Senda M, Hirayama N, Yamamoto H. et al. An improved hemagglutination test for study of canine parvovirus. Vet Microbiol 1986; 12 (01) 1-6
• 66 Decaro N, Desario C, Elia G. et al. Occurrence of severe gastroenteritis in pups after canine parvovirus vaccine administration: a clinical and laboratory diagnostic dilemma. Vaccine 2007; 25 (07) 1161-1166
• 67 Decaro N, Crescenzo G, Desario C. et al. Long-term viremia and fecal shedding in pups after modified-live canine parvovirus vaccination. Vaccine 2014; 32 (30) 3850-3853
• 68 Decaro N, Elia G, Desario C. et al. A minor groove binder probe real-time PCR assay for discrimination between type 2-based vaccines and field strains of canine parvovirus. J Virol Methods 2006; 136 (1 – 2): 65-70
• 69 Mohr AJ, Leisewitz AL, Jacobson LS. et al. Effect of early enteral nutrition on intestinal permeability, intestinal protein loss, and outcome in dogs with severe parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Intel Med 2003; 17 (06) 791-798
• 70 Glickman LT, Domanski LM, Patronek GJ. et al. Breed-related risk factors for canine parvovirus enteritis. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1985; 187 (06) 589-594
• 71 Venn EC, Preisner K, Boscan PL. et al. Evaluation of an outpatient protocol in the treatment of canine parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Emerg Crit Care 2017; 27 (01) 52-65
• 72 Lobetti RG, Joubert KE, Picard J. et al. Bacterial colonization of intravenous catheters in young dogs suspected to have parvoviral enteritis. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2002; 220 (09) 1321-1324
• 73 Lee JA, Cohn LA. Fluid therapy for pediatric patients. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2017; 47 (02) 373-382
• 74 Macintire D. Pediatric fluid therapy. The Vet Clin North Am Small Animal Prac 2008; 38 (03) 621-627
• 75 DiBartola SP, Autran de Morais H. Disorders of potassium: hypokalemia and hyperkalemia. In: DiBartola SP. ed. Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Disorders in Small Animal Practice. 3^rd ed. St Louis, Missouri: Elsevier; 2006: 91-121
• 76 Cazzolli D, Prittie J. The crystalloid-colloid debate: Consequences of resuscitation fluid selection in veterinary critical care. J Vet Emerg Crit Care 2015; 25 (01) 6-19
• 77 Erläuterungen zur zweiten Verordnung zur Änderung der Verordnung über Tierärztliche Hausapotheken vom 21. Februar 2018 (BGBl. I S. 213–6). Im Internet: http://www.bundestieraerztekammer.de/btk/dtbl/archiv/artikel/9/2018/Anmerkungen-zur-neuen-TAeHAV Letzter Zugriff: 15.10.2019
• 78 Boscan P, Monnet E, Mama K. et al. Effect of maropitant, a neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist, on anesthetic requirements during noxious visceral stimulation of the ovary in dogs. Am J Vet Res 2011; 72 (12) 1576-1579
• 79 Yalcin E, Keser GO. Comparative efficacy of metoclopramide, ondansetron and maropitant in preventing parvoviral enteritis-induced emesis in dogs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2017; 40 (06) 599-603
• 80 Sullivan LA, Lenberg JP, Boscan P. et al. Assessing the efficacy of maropitant versus ondansetron in the treatment of dogs with parvoviral enteritis. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2018; 54 (06) 338-343
• 81 Mohr AJ, Leisewitz AL, Jacobson LS. et al. Effect of early enteral nutrition on intestinal permeability, intestinal protein loss, and outcome in dogs with severe parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Intern Med 2003; 17 (06) 791-798
• 82 Tenne R, Sullican LA, Contreras ET. et al. Palatability and clinical effects of an oral recuperation fluid during the recovery of dogs with suspected parvoviral enteritis. Top Companion Anim Med 2016; 31 (02) 68-72
• 83 De Mari K, Maynard L, Eun HM. et al. Treatment of canine parvoviral enteritis with interferon-omega in a placebo-controlled field trial. Vet Rec 2003; 152 (04) 105-108
• 84 Martin V, Najbar W, Gueguen S. et al. Treatment of canine parvoviral enteritis with interferon-omega in a placebo-controlled challenge trial. Vet Microbiol 2002; 89 (2 – 3): 115-127
• 85 Bragg RF, Duffy AL, DeCecco FA. et al. Clinical evaluation of a single dose of immune plasma for treatment of canine parvovirus infection. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2012; 240 (06) 700-704
• 86 Meunier PC, Cooper BJ, Appel MJ. et al. Pathogenesis of canine parvovirus enteritis: sequential virus distribution and passive immunization studies. Vet Pathol 1985; 22 (66) 617-624
• 87 Gerlach M, Proksch AL, Unterer S. et al. Efficacy of feline anti-parvovirus antibodies in the treatment of canine parvovirus infection. J Small Anim Pract 2017; 58 (07) 408-415
• 88 Savigny MR, Macintire DK. Use of oseltamivir in the treatment of canine parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Emerg Crit Care 2010; 20 (01) 132-142
• 89 Papaioannou E, Soubasis N, Theodorou K. et al. The potential role of oseltamivir in the management of canine parvoviral enteritis in 50 natural cases. Birmingham, UK: BSAVA Congress; 2013
• 90 Kraft W, Kuffer M. Treatment of severe neutropenias in the dog and cat with filgrastim. Tieraerztl Prax 1995; 23 (06) 609-613
• 91 Rewerts JM, McCaw DL, Cohn LA. et al. Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for treatment of puppies with neutropenia secondary to canine parvovirus infection. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998; 213 (07) 991-992
• 92 Mischke R, Barth T, Wohlsein P. et al. Effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) on leukocyte count and survival rate of dogs with parvoviral enteritis. Res Vet Sci 2001; 70 (03) 221-225
• 93 Henry CJ, Buss MS, Lothrop CD. Veterinary uses of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Part 1. Oncology. Comp Cont Ed Pract Vet 1998; 20: 728-735
• 94 Duffy A, Dow S, Ogilvie G. et al. Hematologic improvement in dogs with parvovirus infection treated with recombinant canine granulocyte-colony stimulating factor. J Vet Pharmacol Therap 2010; 33 (04) 352-356
• 95 Proksch AL, Unterer S, Truyen U. et al. Efficacy of the paramunity inducer PIND-ORF in the treatment of canine parvovirus infection. Vet J 2014; 202 (02) 340-347
• 96 Pereira GQ, Gomes LA, Santos IS. et al. Fecal microbiota transplantation in puppies with canine parvovirus infection. J Vet Intern Med 2018; 32 (02) 707-711
• 97 Spibey N, Greenwood NM, Sutton D. et al. Canine parvovirus type 2 vaccine protects against virulent challenge with type 2c virus. Vet Microbiol 2008; 128 (1 – 2): 48-55
• 98 Wilson S, Illambas J, Siedek E. et al. Vaccination of dogs with canine parvovirus type 2b (CPV-2b) induces neutralising antibody responses to CPV-2a and CPV-2c. Vaccine 2014; 32 (42) 5420-5424
• 99 Ständige Impfkommission Veterinärmedizin am FLI. Leitlinie zur Impfung von Kleintieren. 4. Auf. Im Internet: https://stiko-vet.fli.de/de/stikovet/ Stand: Juni 2019
• 100 Ständige Impfkommission Veterinärmedizin am FLI. Empfehlungen zur guten Impfpraxis in der Veterinärmedizin. Im Internet: https://www.ltk-bw.de/files/LTK-BW/07_Aktuelles/2018-09-26_Stellungnahme_gute_Impfpraxis.pdf Stand: Juni 2019
• 101 Ausschuss der deutschen Veterinärmedizinischen Gesellschaft e.V.. Desinfektion in der Veterinärmedizin. DVG-Desinfektionsmittelliste für die Tierärztliche Praxis und für Tierheime. DVG-Desinfektionsmittelliste für den Tierhaltungsbereich. Im Internet: http://www.desinfektion-dvg.de/index.php?id=2151 Stand: Juni 2019