Increased Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders and Mental Health Problems in Retired Professional Jockeys: A Cross-Sectional Study

Anna-Louise Mackinnon; Kate Jackson; Kerry Kuznik; Alison Turner; Jerry Hill; Madeleine A. M. Davies; Mary Elizabeth Jones; Antonella Delmestri; Maria T. Sanchez-Santos; Julia Newton

doi:10.1055/a-0902-8601

International Journal of Sports Medicine, Table of Contents

CC BY 4.0 · Int J Sports Med 2019; 40(11): 732-738
DOI: 10.1055/a-0902-8601

Clinical Sciences

Increased Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders and Mental Health Problems in Retired Professional Jockeys: A Cross-Sectional Study

Authors

Anna-Louise Mackinnon

¹Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Kate Jackson

¹Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Kerry Kuznik

¹Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

²British Horseracing Authority Ltd, Medical, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Alison Turner

¹Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Jerry Hill

²British Horseracing Authority Ltd, Medical, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Madeleine A. M. Davies

³Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

⁴Department of Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Mary Elizabeth Jones

⁵Department of Primary Care and Population Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Antonella Delmestri

¹Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

³Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Maria T. Sanchez-Santos

¹Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

³Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Julia Newton

¹Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

³Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Abstract

To examine the prevalence of chronic disease and mental health problems in retired professional, male jockeys compared to an age-matched reference population. A cross-sectional study comparing data from a cohort of retired professional jockeys with an age-matched general population sample. Male participants (age range: 50–89 years old) were used to compare health outcomes of self-reported physician-diagnosed conditions: heart disease, stroke, diabetes, hypertension, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, depression and anxiety between study populations. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate associations between study groups and health outcome. In total, 810 participants (135 retired professional male jockeys and 675 participants from the reference population) were included, with an average age of 64.7±9.9 years old. Increased odds of having osteoporosis (OR=6.5, 95%CI 2.1–20.5), osteoarthritis (OR=7.5, 95%CI 4.6–12.2), anxiety (OR=2.8, 95%CI 1.3–5.9) and depression (OR=2.6, 95%CI 1.3–5.7) were seen in the retired professional jockeys. No differences were found for the remaining health outcomes. Retired professional jockeys had increased odds of musculoskeletal disease and mental health problems compared to the general population. Understanding the prevalence of chronic disease and mental health problems in retired professional jockeys will help inform screening and intervention strategies for jockeys.

Key words

osteoarthritis - osteoporosis - anxiety - depression - athlete - chronic disease

Full Text

References

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