Ultraschall Med 2019; 40(03): 366-373
DOI: 10.1055/a-0753-0259
Original Article
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

When Are Trainees Ready to Perform Transvaginal Ultrasound? An Observational Study

Wann sind Trainees fähig, transvaginalen Ultraschall durchzuführen? Eine Beobachtungsstudie
Martin Tolsgaard
1   Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation, Copenhagen University-Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
,
Cergika Veluppillai
2   Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine Department, Necker-Enfants-Malades-Hospital, APHP, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
,
Alexandra Gueneuc
2   Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine Department, Necker-Enfants-Malades-Hospital, APHP, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
,
Caroline Taksøe-Vester
1   Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation, Copenhagen University-Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
,
Nadim Hajal
3   SimEchole, SimEchole, Simulation school for training in gynecological and obstetrical ultrasound (École de Simulation pour l’enseignement et le perfectionnement en Échographie Gynécologique et Obstétricale), Paris, France
,
Jean-Marc Levaillant
4   SimEchole, Private Hospital Armand Brilllard-Ramsay-Générale de Santé, Nogent-sur-Marne, France, Paris, France
,
Yves Ville
2   Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine Department, Necker-Enfants-Malades-Hospital, APHP, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
,
Ann Tabor
5   Juliane-Marie-Centre, Copenhagen University-Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
,
Gihad Chalouhi
2   Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine Department, Necker-Enfants-Malades-Hospital, APHP, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

05 December 2017

27 August 2018

Publication Date:
25 October 2018 (online)

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this study was two-fold: (1) To determine how the number of ultrasound scans a trainee has completed predicts the trainee’s diagnostic accuracy when performing transvaginal ultrasound examinations, and (2) to examine the utility of simulation-based assessment of ultrasound competence for determining readiness for independently performing examinations.

Materials and Methods 101 OB/GYN trainees were surveyed regarding their clinical experience and the number of scans they had completed. All participants completed five different cases on a transvaginal virtual-reality ultrasound simulator (Scantrainer, Medaphor). The participants’ diagnostic accuracy was recorded and expert raters evaluated their performance using the Objective Structured Assessment of Ultrasound Skills (OSAUS) scale. The utility of simulation-based assessments was assessed with respect to reliability, validity, acceptability, and costs. The main outcome was diagnostic accuracy for five different ultrasound cases.

Results Although the number of scans was associated with diagnostic accuracy (p = 0.006), it was a poor predictor (AUC 0.69) of diagnostic accuracy. Only 56.6 % (n = 34) of participants who had more than 100 transvaginal scans demonstrated a diagnostic accuracy of 0.80 or above. The reliability of the OSAUS assessments was high (ICC 0.82) and the majority of participants supported the use of simulation-based assessments for future licensing exams (70.3 %). The running costs of simulation-based assessments (154 EUR per participant) were lower than for practical examinations using real patients.

Conclusion The number of completed ultrasound scans was a poor predictor of the trainees’ diagnostic accuracy. Instead, simulation-based assessments can be used to ensure that trainees are ready for independently performing future scans.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel Diese Studie verfolgte zweierlei: (1) Die Feststellung, ob sich durch die Anzahl der von einem Trainee absolvierten Ultraschall-Scans die diagnostische Genauigkeit seiner transvaginalen Ultraschalluntersuchungen vorhersagen lässt und (2) die Untersuchung des Werts simulationsbasierter Assessments der Ultraschallkompetenz, um die Fähigkeit zur selbstständigen Durchführung von Untersuchungen zu ermitteln.

Material und Methoden 101 Trainees im Fach Gynäkologie/Geburtshilfe wurden hinsichtlich ihrer klinischen Erfahrung und der Anzahl der von ihnen durchgeführten Scans befragt. Alle Teilnehmer mussten 5 unterschiedliche Fälle auf einem transvaginalen Virtual-Reality-Ultraschallsimulator (Scantrainer, Medaphor) absolvieren. Die diagnostische Genauigkeit der Teilnehmer wurde aufgezeichnet und Experten bewerteten ihre Leistung anhand der OSAUS-Skala (Objective Structured Assessment of Ultrasound Skills). Der Nutzen simulationsbasierter Assessments wurde in Bezug auf Zuverlässigkeit, Validität, Akzeptanz und Kosten bewertet. Das Hauptergebnis war die diagnostische Genauigkeit bei den 5 verschiedenen Ultraschallfällen.

Ergebnisse Obwohl die Anzahl der Scans mit der diagnostischen Genauigkeit assoziiert war (p = 0,006), war diese ein schlechter Prädiktor (AUC 0,69) für die Genauigkeit. Nur 56,6 % (n = 34) der Teilnehmer mit über 100 transvaginalen Scans zeigten eine diagnostische Genauigkeit von 0,80 oder höher. Die Zuverlässigkeit der OSAUS-Bewertungen war hoch (ICC 0,82) und die Mehrheit der Teilnehmer unterstützte die Verwendung simulationsbasierter Assessments für zukünftige Lizenzprüfungen (70,3 %). Die laufenden Kosten simulationsbasierter Assessments (154 EUR pro Teilnehmer) waren niedriger als bei praktischen Untersuchungen am echten Patienten.

Schlussfolgerung Die Anzahl der Ultraschall-Scans war ein schlechter Prädiktor für die diagnostische Genauigkeit der Trainees. Stattdessen können simulationsbasierte Assessments verwendet werden, um sicherzustellen, dass Trainees in der Lage sind, künftige Scans unabhängig durchzuführen.

 
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