Notfälle an Bord von Linienflugzeugen: In-Flight Medical Emergencies (IFME) und In-Flight Cardiac Arrest (IFCA)

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Im Jahr 2017 wurden weltweit etwa 4 Milliarden Menschen mit einem Flugzeug transportiert. Die International Air Transport Association (IATA) prognostiziert für Europa bis zum Jahr 2034 eine durchschnittliche jährliche Steigerung der Passagierzahlen von 2,7%. In der zivilen Luftfahrt treten Notfälle an Bord (sogenannte In-Flight Medical Emergencies, IFME) mit einer Häufigkeit von 1 pro 14 000 bis 1 pro 50 000 transportierte Passagiere auf. Belastbare Daten über die exakte Häufigkeit und Art von medizinischen Notfällen an Bord von Flugzeugen existieren nicht. Ein Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand tritt statistisch gesehen nur in 0,3% der Notfälle an Bord auf. Dieses Ereignis ist jedoch mit einer Mortalität von 86% assoziiert und stellt daher Passagiere und Crew zugleich vor eine große Herausforderung. Mit der Leitlinie zum In-Flight Cardiac Arrest (IFCA) wurden 28 spezifische Empfehlungen erarbeitet. Ziel der Leitlinie war es, spezifische Handlungsempfehlungen für mitfliegende Ärzte, Kabinenpersonal (Cabin Crew) und auch Fluglinien zur Behandlung des Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstands an Bord von Luftfahrzeugen zu generieren.

Abstract

Background In 2017, commercial air transportation carried approximately 4 billion travelers. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) has predicted this number to increase by 2.7% annually until 2034. In commercial aviation, one in 14,000 to 50,000 passengersʼ experiences acute medical problems during their flight (in-flight medical emergencies, IFME). Although high quality data on the number, incidence, and type of medical emergencies on board commercial aircrafts is sparse, cardiac arrests during air travel may account for 0.3% of all IFME. The reported mortality is high, at 86%. In an effort to improve this outcome, the German Society for Aviation and Space Medicine (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrtmedizin) has recently developed and published guidelines for cardiac arrests occurring on-board commercial aircrafts. These guidelines comprise a total of 28 recommendations to improve detection and management of in-flight cardiac arrests. It is intended for doctors on-board, cabin crew as well as airlines.

Schlüsselwörter

IFCA - kardiopulmonale Reanimation - CPR - In-Flight Cardiac Arrest - Flugzeug - medizinische Notfälle beim Fliegen

Key words

IFCA - cardiopulmonary resuscitation - CPR - in-flight cardiac arrest - airplane - in-flight medical emergencies - in-flight medical events

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