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Planta Med 2018; 84(17): 1271-1279
DOI: 10.1055/a-0644-2794
Biological and Pharmacological Activity
Original Papers
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Heart-Protective Effects of Echinodorus grandiflorus in Rabbits That Are Fed a High-cholesterol Diet

Francielly Mourão Gasparotto
1   Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia e Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
,
Francislaine Aparecida dos Reis Lívero
2   Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
,
Rhanany Allan Caloi Palozi
1   Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia e Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
,
Maria Leticia Ames
2   Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
,
Bruna Nunes
2   Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
,
Guilherme Donadel
2   Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
,
Rita de Cassia Lima Ribeiro
2   Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
,
Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço
2   Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
,
Cândida Aparecida Leite Kassuya
1   Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia e Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
,
Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
1   Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia e Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 13 April 2018
revised 05 May 2018

accepted 11 June 2018

Publication Date:
21 June 2018 (online)

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Abstract

Excess weight and dyslipidemia are among the most serious health problems in Western societies. These conditions enhance the risk of cardiac disease and have been linked with a higher prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death. The present study investigated the cardioprotective effects of Echinodorus grandiflorus on ventricular remodeling in rabbits that were fed a 1% cholesterol-rich diet. We first obtained an ethanol-soluble fraction of E. grandiflorus and performed a detailed phytochemical study by liquid chromatography-DAD/ESI-MS. For 60 days, male rabbits were fed the cholesterol-rich diet or a diet without the addition of cholesterol. After 30 days, different groups of rabbits were treated with the ethanol-soluble fraction of E. grandiflorus (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg, p. o.), simvastatin (2.5 mg/kg), or vehicle once daily for 30 days. At the end of 60 days, the serum lipoprotein ratio, electrocardiographic profile, histopathological alterations, and the cardiac antioxidant defense system were investigated. Echocardiographic analysis showed morphological and functional alterations in cholesterol-rich diet-fed animals, indicating left ventricle hypertrophy. The total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio and low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio were significantly higher in cholesterol-rich diet-fed rabbits. Myocardial flaccidity, fatty degeneration, and concentric left ventricular hypertrophy were observed. An increase in lipid peroxidation levels, a decrease in superoxide dismutase activity, and a decrease in reduced glutathione levels were observed in the myocardium of all cholesterol-rich diet-fed rabbits. Treatment with the ethanol-soluble fraction of E. grandiflorus, especially the highest dose, significantly reduced all of these alterations, thus demonstrating the cardioprotective effect of the ethanol-soluble fraction of E. grandiflorus on cardiac changes that are induced by a cholesterol-rich diet.

Key words

Alismataceae - antioxidant - atherosclerosis - dyslipidemia - Echinodorus grandiflorus - ventricular hypertrophy
 

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