Effektivität von Übungsinterventionen bei der Behandlung unspezifischer Nackenschmerzen

Zusammenfassung

Unspezifische Nackenschmerzen stellen eine der häufigsten Problematiken am menschlichen Bewegungsapparat dar. Daher ist ihre effiziente und effektive Behandlung in der Physiotherapie von großer Bedeutung.

Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, anhand einer Literaturanalyse die Wirksamkeit von therapeutischen Übungs- und Trainingsinterventionen in den Bereichen Schmerz und Funktion auszuwerten, um so möglicherweise die physiotherapeutische Behandlung zu optimieren.

In allen 8 ausgewerteten Studien verbesserten aktive Interventionen die Funktion und reduzierten unspezifische Nackenschmerzen. Besonders gute Werte erreichten hierbei passive Dehnübungen bestimmter Nackenmuskeln in einem Zeitraum von 6 Wochen so non-specific wie ein Kraftausdauertraining der Nacken- und Schultermuskulatur mit externen Widerständen über mindestens 12 Wochen.

Die methodische Qualität der einzelnen Arbeiten bewegte sich zwischen 6/11 und 8/11 Punkten auf der PEDro-Skala. Aufgrund der Qualität und Quantität der Studien kann anhand der Ergebnisse dieser Literaturanalyse keine exakte Handlungs- und Dosierungsempfehlung gegeben werden. Mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit ist jedoch davon auszugehen, dass therapeutische Übungs- und Trainingsinterventionen bei Patienten mit unspezifischen Nackenschmerzen sehr gute Ergebnisse erzielen.

Abstract

Non-specific neck pain is one of the most common problems of the human musculoskeletal system. Its effective and efficient treatment has therefore great significance for physiotherapy.

The aim of this article was to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic exercise and training in regards to pain and function in order to potentially optimise physiotherapy. A literature analysis was used.

In all 8 evaluated studies active intervention improved function and reduced neck pain. Exceptionally good results were achieved by passive stretching of certain neck muscles over a period of 6 weeks and muscular endurance training of neck and shoulder muscles using external resistance over a minimum of 12 weeks.

The methodological quality of the analysed studies ranged from 6/11 to 8/11 on the PEDro scale. Due to quality and quantity of the studies it is not possible to make precise recommendations for treatment and treatment based on the results of this literature analysis. It may, however, be assumed that therapeutic exercise and training interventions attain very good results in patients with non-specific neck pain.

Schlüsselwörter

unspezifische Nackenschmerzen - Physiotherapie - Übungen - Training - Schmerzen - Funktion

Key words

non-specific neck pain - physiotherapy - exercise - training - pain - function

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