CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Journal of Coloproctology 2018; 38(03): 199-206
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcol.2018.03.007
Original Article

Gender-based analysis of the characteristics and outcomes of surgery for anal fistula: analysis of more than 560 cases

Análise baseada no sexo das características e desfechos de cirurgia para fístula anal: análise de mais de 560 casos
Sameh Hany Emile
a   Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, General Surgery Department, Mansoura City, Egypt
,
Hesham Elgendy
a   Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, General Surgery Department, Mansoura City, Egypt
,
Ahmad Sakr
a   Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, General Surgery Department, Mansoura City, Egypt
,
Mohamed Youssef
a   Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, General Surgery Department, Mansoura City, Egypt
,
Waleed Thabet
a   Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, General Surgery Department, Mansoura City, Egypt
,
Waleed Omar
a   Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, General Surgery Department, Mansoura City, Egypt
,
Wael Khafagy
a   Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, General Surgery Department, Mansoura City, Egypt
,
Mohamed Farid
a   Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, General Surgery Department, Mansoura City, Egypt
› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Background Fistula-in-ano commonly affects males more than females. Some differences in the characteristics of fistula-in-ano between both genders have been recognized, yet the impact of these differences on the outcomes of surgery for fistula-in-ano is still unclear. The present study conducted a gender-specific analysis aiming to assess the characteristics and the outcomes of surgery of fistula-in-ano in each gender.

Patients and methods The records of patients with fistula-in-ano were retrospectively reviewed and the following variables were extracted: patients’ demographics, type of fistula-in-ano, position of the external opening, operation performed, incidence of recurrence and complications, particularly fecal incontinence. Gender-based analysis of the characters and outcomes of surgery for fistula-in-ano was performed.

Results 565 (491 males) patients of a mean age of 41.7 years were included. Females had a significantly higher percentage of low fistula-in-ano than males (70.2% vs. 50.3%, p = 0.002). Males had a significantly higher percentage of high trans-sphincteric fistula-in-ano (48.5% vs. 29.7%; p = 0.003). Anterior fistula-in-ano was more common in female patients (69% vs. 16.3%; p < 0.0001). Recurrence of fistula-in-ano was detected in 42 (7.4%) patients. Males had higher recurrence rate than females (7.9% vs. 4%; p = 0.34). Fecal incontinence developed in 1.7% of patients with higher incidence observed in females (4% vs. 1.4%).

Conclusion The majority of fistula-in-ano in males were posterior and high trans-sphincteric whereas most fistula-in-ano in females were low and anteriorly based. Despite the different characteristics of fistula-in-ano; no significant differences in the rates of fistula recurrence and fecal incontinence between males and females could be recorded.

Resumo

Background A fístula anal comumente acomete mais os homens que as mulheres. Algumas diferenças nas características da fístula anal entre ambos os sexos têm sido reconhecidas, embora o impacto dessas diferenças nos desfechos da cirurgia para fístula anal ainda seja incerto. O presente estudo realizou uma análise específica para sexo, com o objetivo de avaliar as características e os desfechos da cirurgia de fístula anal em cada sexo.

Pacientes e métodos Os prontuários de pacientes com fístula anal foram revisados retrospectivamente e as seguintes variáveis foram extraídas: dados demográficos dos pacientes, tipo de fístula anal, posição da abertura externa, cirurgia realizada, incidência de recidiva e complicações, particularmente incontinência fecal. Realizou-se uma análise baseada no sexo dos sujeitos e desfechos da cirurgia para fístula anal.

Resultados Foram incluídos 565 pacientes (491 do sexo masculino) com idade média de 41,7 anos. As mulheres apresentaram uma porcentagem significativamente mais alta de fístula anal baixa do que os homens (70,2% vs. 50,3%, p = 0,002). Os homens tiveram uma porcentagem significativamente maior de fístula anal transesfincteriana alta (48,5% vs. 29,7%; p = 0,003). A fístula anal anterior foi mais comum em pacientes do sexo feminino (69% vs. 16,3%; p < 0,0001). A recorrência de fístula anal foi detectada em 42 (7,4%) pacientes. Os homens apresentaram maior taxa de recorrência do que as mulheres (7,9% vs. 4%; p = 0,34). A incontinência fecal desenvolveu-se em 1,7% dos pacientes com maior incidência observada no sexo feminino (4% vs. 1,4%).

Conclusão A maioria das fístulas anais no sexo masculino foi posterior e transesfincteriana alta, enquanto a maioria das fístulas anais no sexo feminino foi baixa e anterior. Apesar das diferentes características da fístula anal, não foi possível registrar diferenças significativas nas taxas de recorrência de fístula e incontinência fecal entre homens e mulheres.



Publication History

Received: 19 December 2017

Accepted: 26 March 2018

Article published online:
08 March 2021

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