CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Journal of Coloproctology 2017; 37(02): 088-094
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcol.2016.12.006
Original Article

Acute physical and psychological stress effects on visceral hypersensitivity in male rat: role of central nucleus of the amygdala

Efeitos agudos do estresse físico e psicológico na hipersensibilidade visceral em rato macho: papel do núcleo central da amídala
Hamideh Afzali
a   Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Tehran, Iran
,
Fatemeh Nabavizadeh
a   Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Tehran, Iran
,
Seyed Morteza Karimian
a   Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Tehran, Iran
,
Hamid Sohanaki
a   Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Tehran, Iran
,
Jalal Vahedian
b   Iran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Tehran, Iran
c   Iran University of Medical Sciences, Firouzgar Hospital, Department of Surgery, Tehran, Iran
,
Seyed Mehdi Mohamadi
b   Iran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Tehran, Iran
c   Iran University of Medical Sciences, Firouzgar Hospital, Department of Surgery, Tehran, Iran
› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acute physical and psychological stress and temporary central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) block on stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity.

Methods Forty two male Wistar rats were used in this study. Animals were divided into 7 groups (n = 6); 1 – Control, 2 – physical stress, 3 – psychological stress, 4 – sham, 5 – lidocaine, 6 – lidocaine + physical stress and 7 – lidocaine + psychological stress. Stress induction was done using a communication box.

Results Abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) score was monitored one hour after stress exposure. AWR score significantly heightened at 20, 40 and 60 mmHg in the psychological stress group compared with control (p < 0.05), while, it was almost unchanged in other groups. This score was strikingly decreased at 20, 40 and 60 mmHg in lidocaine + psychological stress group compared with psychological stress with no tangible response on physical stress. Total stool weight was significantly increased in psychological stress group compared with control (0.72 ± 0.15, 0.1 ± 0.06 g) (p < 0.05), but it did not change in physical stress compared to control group (0.16 ± 0.12, 0.1 ± 0.06 g) (p < 0.05). Concomitant use of lidocaine with stress followed the same results in psychological groups (0.18 ± 0.2, 0.72 ± 0.15 g) (p < 0.05), while it did not have any effect on physical stress group (0.25 ± 0.1, 0.16 ± 0.12 g) (p < 0.05).

Conclusions Psychological stress could strongly affect visceral hypersensitivity. This effect is statistically comparable with physical stress. Temporary CeA block could also reduce visceral hypersensitivity post-acute psychological stress.

Resumo

Objetivo O objetivo desse estudo foi investigar os efeitos do estresse físico e psicológico agudo e bloqueio temporário do núcleo central da amídala (CeA) na hipersensibilidade visceral induzida por estresse.

Métodos Quarenta e dois ratos Wistar machos foram empregados nesse estudo. Os animais foram divididos em 7 grupos (n = 6): 1 – Controle, 2 – estresse físico, 3 – estresse psicológico, 4 – simulacro, 5 – lidocaína, 6 – lidocaína + estresse físico e 7 – lidocaína + estresse psicológico. A indução do estresse foi feita com o uso de uma caixa de comunicação.

Resultados O escore do reflexo de retirada abdominal (RRA) foi monitorado uma hora depois da exposição ao estresse. O escore RRA aumentou significativamente a 20, 40 e 60 mmHg no grupo de estresse psicológico versus controle (p < 0,05), enquanto que praticamente permaneceu inalterado nos demais grupos. Esse escore diminuiu drasticamente a 20, 40 e 60 mmHg no grupo de lidocaína + estresse psicológico versus estresse psicológico, sem resposta tangível no estresse físico. O peso total das fezes aumentou significativamente no grupo de estresse psicológico versus controle (0,72 ± 0,15, 0,1 ± 0,06 g) (p < 0,05), mas não houve mudança no grupo de estresse físico versus controle (0,16 ± 0,12, 0,1 ± 0,06 g) (p < 0,05). O uso simultâneo da lidocaína com o estresse acompanhou os mesmos resultados nos grupos psicológicos (0,18 ± 0,2, 0,72 ± 0,15 g) (p < 0,05), enquanto que não foi observado qualquer efeito no grupo de estresse físico (0,25 ± 0,1, 0,16 ± 0,12 g) (p < 0,05).

Conclusões O estresse psicológico pode afetar fortemente a hipersensibilidade visceral. Esse efeito é estatisticamente comparável com o estresse físico. Um bloqueio temporário do CeA também pode reduzir a hipersensibilidade visceral pós-estresse psicológico agudo.



Publication History

Received: 19 November 2016

Accepted: 21 December 2016

Article published online:
17 February 2021

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