MCQs: International Journal of Epilepsy

Questions

1. Which of the following mutations has not been associated with generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+)?

   • a.– SCN1D

   • b.– SCN1A

   • c.– SCN1B

   • d.– SCN 2A

   • e.– GABGR2

2. Which of the following statements about epilepsy surgery is false?

   • a.– Multiple subpial transections are performed for epileptogenic lesions in the eloquent cortex

   • b.– Corpus callosotomy usually splits the anterior one third of the corpus callosum

   • c.– Anterior temporal lobectomy results in seizure freedom in 70% of mesial temporal epilepsy

   • d.– Vagal nerve stimulation is always done on the right vagus nerve

3. Neonatal seizures include the following types except

   • a.– Tonic

   • b.– Clonic

   • c.– Tonic clonic

   • d.– Myoclonic

   • e.– Subtle seizures

4. Which of the following statements best describes the role of Electroencephalography (EEG) in a typical febrile seizure?

   • a.– Predicts the recurrence risk of febrile seizure

   • b.– Useful in both simple and complex types

   • c.– A set point to diagnose febrile convulsion

   • d.– Predicts the future risk of epilepsy

   • e.– Not recommended in febrile seizures

5. Which of the following statements about hypothalamic hamartomas is false?

   • a.– They are associated with gelastic seizures

   • b.– These tumors strongly enhance on contrast imaging

   • c.– Sessile or intrahypothalamic hamartomas are the ones most strongly associated with epilepsy

   • d.– Routine scalp video EEG monitoring of seizures may be misleading

   • e.– Patients with medically refractory seizures may need surgical resection or radiosurgery

6. Regarding NMDA receptor antibody encephalitis, which of the statements is incorrect?

   • a.– It typically affects girls and young women

   • b.– Adult women may have associated teratomas and such patients have better outcome

   • c.– EEG shows frequent epileptiform discharges

   • d.– NMDA-R antibodies are found in the serum and CSF

   • e.– Dyskinesias, Seizures and dysautonomia are common

7. Which of the statements about High frequency oscillations is incorrect?

   • a.– Higher frequency Oscillations or HFOs are cerebral potentials between 80 and 500 Hz

   • b.– HFOs are best recorded using scalp electrodes

   • c.– Fast HFOs between 250 and 500 Hz (also known as fast ripples) are specifically associated with epileptogenic cortex

   • d.– Complete surgical resection of these HFOs is more likely to result in a seizure free outcome after epilepsy surgery

8. The EEG pattern in the picture represents.

   • a.– An epileptic ictal pattern

   • b.– Rhythmic temporal theta of drowsiness

   • c.– Wicket rhythm

   • d.– Subclinical rhythmic EEG discharge of adults

   • e.– An electrical artifact

9. The region marked by arrows on the axial T1 W image of the brain corresponds to.

   • a.– The face motor area

   • b.– The Broca's area

   • c.– The leg sensory area

   • d.– The leg motor area

   • e.– The hand motor area

10. Antiepileptic drug exposure especially to valproate in the mother is documented to affect cognitive outcomes in the child. The most crucial period for this effect is during

    • a.– First trimester of pregnancy

    • b.– Last trimester of pregnancy

    • c.– Throughout pregnancy

    • d.– During lactation

    • e.– Pregnancy and lactation

11. In seizure semiology, which of the following is a strongly lateralizing sign?

    • a.– Unilateral hand automatisms

    • b.– Early ill sustained head version

    • c.– Post ictal aphasia

    • d.– None of the above